Integrating climate-smart practices in forestry: insights from Europe and America.

Global climate change poses a great obstacle to the sustainability of world forestry, and the trifecta of enhancing forest stock, minimizing greenhouse gas emissions, and attaining sustainable forest management is still challenging. Climate-smart forestry (CSF), however, offers promising solutions to these issues, with its core objective being to foster sustainable development through enhanced forest resilience, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and boosted forest productivity and income. This emerging focus on CSF seeks to understand the mechanisms of interactions between forest ecosystems and climate change and eventually find locally acceptable solutions.

Enhanced Improvement of Menstrual Blood Derived Endometrial Stem Cells Encapsulated in Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid on Intrauterine Adhesions.

Intrauterine adhesions (IUA), characterized by fibrotic adhesions within the uterine cavity, frequently result in menstrual irregularities, recurrent miscarriages, secondary infertility, and increased pregnancy risks among women of childbearing age. Unfortunately, conventional clinical interventions mainly including surgical separation and physical isolation exhibit limited efficacy in promoting the regeneration of the injured endometrium and are associated with a high recurrence rate. Consequently, it is imperative to investigate novel therapies aimed at repairing the injured endometrium in IUA patients, particularly those desiring fertility.

Nanozymes: An emerging arsenal for the treatment of infection.

infections, exacerbated by the emergence of drug resistance and biofilm formation, pose a significant threat to human health and challenge current treatment options. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel and effective therapeutic strategies against this pathogen. Recently, nanozyme-based catalytic therapy (NBCT) has emerged as a promising tool against fungal infections, as these enzyme-like catalytic materials exhibit strong antifungal activity against drug-resistant pathogens.

Impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms of immunomodulatory factors on treatment response and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by poor overall survival (OS). The impaired function, altered phenotype, and abnormal distribution of T cells create an immunosuppressive microenvironment in AML, affecting the efficacy of chemotherapy. Studies have shown that differentiated monocyte-like AML cells can express various immunomodulatory factors, resulting in T cell phenotypic changes and the development of an immunosuppressive AML microenvironment.

Polymorphisms in immunosuppression-related genes are associated with AML.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy with poor overall survival (OS). The immunosuppressive microenvironment significantly impacts AML development and chemoresistance. Despite new immunotherapeutic strategies entering standard clinical care for various tumors, progress in AML remains poor.

MSC-EV-transmitted HSPA8 alleviates cisplatin-induced ovotoxicity by regulating the MGARP/PRDX2 axis.

Cisplatin (Cis) is among the most widely employed antitumour agents, although its clinical application is limited by self-induced multiple-organ toxicity. Previous studies have demonstrated the essential role of mitochondrial injury in the pathogenesis of Cis-induced ovotoxicity. Notably, mesenchymal stem cell-extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), potential cell-free therapeutic agents, exhibit pronounced advantages for the treatment of ovarian dysfunction.

hBMSC-EVs alleviate weightlessness-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation.

Background: Muscle disuse and offloading in microgravity are likely the primary factors mediating spaceflight-induced muscle atrophy, for which there is currently no effective treatment other than exercise. Extracellular vesicles derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-EVs) possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, offering a potential strategy for combating weightless muscular atrophy.

Methods: In this study, human BMSCs-EVs (hBMSC-EVs) were isolated using super-centrifugation and characterized.

Identification and validation of BATF as a prognostic biomarker and regulator of immune cell infiltration in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor (BATF) is a nuclear basic leucine zipper protein affiliated with the AP-1/ATF superfamily. Previous research has confirmed that BATF expression plays a significant role in the tumour microenvironment. However, the associations between BATF expression and prognoses in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients and their immunological effects remain unclear.

PEG-rhG-CSF versus rhG-CSF in supporting neutrophil recovery after induction chemotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

To compare the efficacy and safety of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) and rhG-CSF in the recovery of neutrophils after induction therapy in ALL patients, PEG-rhG-CSF was injected subcutaneously within 24 ~ 48 h after the end of intravenous infusion of daunorubicin/idarubicin during induction chemotherapy. In rhG-CSF group, patients were given rhG-CSF. The main outcome indexes were the incidence and duration of grade 4 chemotherapy-induced-neutropenia (CIN, ANC less than 0.

Congenital myopathies: pathophysiological mechanisms and promising therapies.

Congenital myopathies (CMs) are a kind of non-progressive or slow-progressive muscle diseases caused by genetic mutations, which are currently defined and categorized mainly according to their clinicopathological features. CMs exhibit pleiotropy and genetic heterogeneity. Currently, supportive treatment and pharmacological remission are the mainstay of treatment, with no cure available.

Celecoxib attenuates hindlimb unloading-induced muscle atrophy via suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress and ER stress by inhibiting STAT3.

Improving inflammation may serve as useful therapeutic interventions for the hindlimb unloading-induced disuse muscle atrophy. Celecoxib is a selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. We aimed to determine the role and mechanism of celecoxib in hindlimb unloading-induced disuse muscle atrophy.

Celecoxib ameliorates diabetic sarcopenia by inhibiting inflammation, stress response, mitochondrial dysfunction, and subsequent activation of the protein degradation systems.

Diabetic sarcopenia leads to disability and seriously affects the quality of life. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic strategies for diabetic sarcopenia. Our previous studies have shown that inflammation plays a critical role in skeletal muscle atrophy.

Morphological Diagram of Dynamic-Interfacial-Release-Induced Surface Instability.

In this study, a morphological diagram was constructed for quantitatively predicting various modes of surface instabilities caused by the dynamic interfacial release of strain in initially flat bilayer composites comprising an elastomer and a capping layer. Theory, experiment, and simulation were combined to produce the diagram, which enables systematic generation of the following instability patterns: wrinkle, fold, period-double, delamination, and coexisting patterns. The pattern that forms is most strongly affected by three experimental parameters: the elastic modulus of the elastomer, the elastic modulus of the capping layer, and the thickness of the capping layer.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy: pathogenesis and promising therapies.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, progressive, muscle-wasting disease, characterized by progressive deterioration of skeletal muscle that causes rapid loss of mobility. The failure in respiratory and cardiac muscles is the underlying cause of premature death in most patients with DMD. Mutations in the gene encoding dystrophin result in dystrophin deficiency, which is the underlying pathogenesis of DMD.

Chemotherapy impairs ovarian function through excessive ROS-induced ferroptosis.

Chemotherapy was conventionally applied to kill cancer cells, but regrettably, they also induce damage to normal cells with high-proliferative capacity resulting in cardiotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, peripheral nerve toxicity, and ovarian toxicity. Of these, chemotherapy-induced ovarian damages mainly include but are not limited to decreased ovarian reserve, infertility, and ovarian atrophy. Therefore, exploring the underlying mechanism of chemotherapeutic drug-induced ovarian damage will pave the way to develop fertility-protective adjuvants for female patients during conventional cancer treatment.

Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Skeletal Muscle Atrophy.

The maintenance of muscle homeostasis is vital for life and health. Skeletal muscle atrophy not only seriously reduces people's quality of life and increases morbidity and mortality, but also causes a huge socioeconomic burden. To date, no effective treatment has been developed for skeletal muscle atrophy owing to an incomplete understanding of its molecular mechanisms.

Inflammation: Roles in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy.

Various diseases can cause skeletal muscle atrophy, usually accompanied by inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, decreased protein synthesis, and enhanced proteolysis. The underlying mechanism of inflammation in skeletal muscle atrophy is extremely complex and has not been fully elucidated, thus hindering the development of effective therapeutic drugs and preventive measures for skeletal muscle atrophy. In this review, we elaborate on protein degradation pathways, including the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP), the calpain and caspase pathways, the insulin growth factor 1/Akt protein synthesis pathway, myostatin, and muscle satellite cells, in the process of muscle atrophy.

Celecoxib alleviates denervation-induced muscle atrophy by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress and improving microcirculation.

The molecular mechanism underlying denervation-induced muscle atrophy is complex and incompletely understood. Our previous results suggested that inflammation may play an important role in the early stages of muscle atrophy. Celecoxib is reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects.

Diabetic Muscular Atrophy: Molecular Mechanisms and Promising Therapies.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a typical chronic disease that can be divided into 2 types, dependent on insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Incidences of diabetic complications gradually increase as the disease progresses. Studies in diabetes complications have mostly focused on kidney and cardiovascular diseases, as well as neuropathy.

Biogenesis and function of extracellular vesicles in pathophysiological processes of skeletal muscle atrophy.

Pathophysiological changes of skeletal muscle occur in a variety of chronic diseases, leading to muscle atrophy and dysfunction, which greatly affect the quality of life. Despite decades of research, the pathogenesis of muscle atrophy remains poorly understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently been demonstrated to be associated with the pathophysiological process of skeletal muscle.

Evaluating the Effect of Hydrophobic Nanosilica on the Viscoelasticity Property of Asphalt and Asphalt Mixture.

Viscoelasticity property of bitumen is closely related to the service life of bituminous pavement. This paper evaluated the impact of one of the most efficient and widely used nanomaterials in various industries called hydrophobic nanosilica on the viscoelasticity property of bitumen and asphalt mixture. In this paper, three hydrophobic nanosilica modified bitumens and asphalt mixtures were researched by conventional physical properties test, SEM test, FTIR test, DSC test, DSR test, static creep test and dynamic creep test.

Potential allelopathic azaphilones produced by the endophytic Chaetomium globosum TY1 inhabited in Ginkgo biloba using the one strain-many compounds method.

On the basis of the one strain-many compounds strategy, seven azaphilones, including Chaetomugilin A (1), D (2), S (3), I (4), J (5), Q (6) and O (7), were isolated from the endophytic Chaetomium globosum TY1. Their structures were identified by NMR and HRESIMS spectrometry data. All azaphilones were evaluated for plant growth regulation using eight species of herbaceous plant seeds seedling growth bioassay, which showed the plant growth influence of the seedling.