High canola meal inclusion in gestation and lactation sow diets with product on reproductive performance, milk composition, and nutrient digestibility of sow and litter performance.

The objective of this study was to assess how sow and litter performance and nutrient utilization were affected by dietary probiotic supplementation in gestation and lactation diets that contained high levels of canola meal. Seventy-five sows were allotted to one of three treatment diets, starting on d 80 of gestation. The experimental diets included a control diet () composed of corn and soybean meal, or a modified CTRL diet where soybean meal was substituted with 300 g/kg of canola meal, provided either with () or without () product supplementation.

The mediating effect of resilience and self-efficacy between physical activity and wellbeing: a meta-analytic structural equation modeling.

Background: While the positive relationship between physical activity and wellbeing is well-established, the mediating roles of self-efficacy and resilience remain insufficiently understood. This study employed a meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) approach to investigate whether these psychological factors mediate the relationship between physical activity and wellbeing, aiming to clarify the underlying mechanisms that contribute to this association.

Methods: To achieve this, we systematically searched five databases, Web of Science, PsycINFO, SportDiscus, PubMed, and CNKI, without restrictions on language or publication date.

Feasibility Study of Visible Spectrum as a Tool for Discriminating Urinary Microalbumin.

This study validated the feasibility of visible spectroscopy in rapidly detecting Urinary Microalbumin (UALB). Based on 127 clinical urine samples, spectra ranging from 400 to 750 nm were collected using a microspectrometer. The successive projections algorithm (SPA) was used to screen for nine wavelengths highly correlated with UALB, and the spectral index (SI) method was fused to construct an m-SPA-SI strategy.

An innovative multispectral sensor for rapid wine adulteration detection using wavelength selection algorithms.

Effective detection of wine adulteration can protect the rights and interests of consumers and producers. The combination of spectroscopic technology and chemometric methods can achieve adulteration discrimination of wine, providing feasibility for developing consumer-grade wine adulteration detection equipment. This study attempts to use a wavelength selection algorithm to guide the development of a four-channel, low-cost spectroscopic device for rapid identification of wine adulteration.

Effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress on bone and cartilage growth via endochondral ossification in broilers.

Broilers in modern farming systems gain significant body weight, resulting in leg disorders in broilers. Long bones in the limbs extend after birth through endochondral ossification (EO), a process where bone replaces cartilage in pre-formed templates, making it essential for bone and cartilage development. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway has been implicated in bone development and key steps of EO, but the mechanism remains unclear.

Effects of fiber concentrations and fermentation rates on reproductive performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, and microbiota of lactating sows.

Certain types of fiber inclusion in sow diets can offer benefits such as promoting a healthy microbiome, improving intestinal health, and enhancing welfare through satiety mechanisms. While most research has focused on gestating sows, studies on lactating sows, especially regarding fiber types, levels, and fermentation rates, are limited. This study explored how fiber inclusion and fermentation rate affect lactation performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, and microbiota.

Feed efficiency and fecal microbiome of nursery pigs from parents with divergent breeding value for feed conversion ratio.

Improving feed efficiency (FE) is essential for the swine industry's economic and environmental sustainability. Genetic selection, particularly through estimating breeding values for feed conversion ratio (EBV_FCR), is a common strategy to enhance FE. However, the biological mechanisms underlying phenotypic variations in FE between pigs with different EBV_FCR values are not fully understood.

Coach leadership behavior and achievement goal orientation in relation to athlete engagement: the dual mediating role of basic psychological needs.

Objective: This study explored how coach leadership behavior, achievement goal orientation, and basic psychological needs affect athlete engagement.

Methods: Based on self-determination theory, this study examined the influence of coach leadership behavior and achievement goal orientation on athlete engagement, as well as the mediating effect of basic psychological needs. The study utilized established scales, including the Leadership Behavior Scale for Coaches-15 (LSS-15), the Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport (AGQ-S), the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire (AEQ) and the Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire (BPNQ).

Relative age effect and its impact on athletic performance among Chinese elite youth male basketball players.

This study aimed to explore the presence and magnitude of relative age effects (RAEs) among elite male Chinese youth basketball players. A total of 728 adolescent players and 60 teams in the 2023 Chinese Student (Youth) Games were included. Player efficiency rating (PER) was calculated to evaluate individual performance, and the relative age team achievement (RATA) score was used to assess team-related RAEs.

Carbene-supported triphosphorus anion.

The stabilization of reactive anionic main group species utilizing carbenes constitutes a burgeoning and scarcely explored field. Herein, we report the synthesis of an anionic triphosphorus [P]- unit, supported by two cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs) in the form of potassium salts. This anion features a planar W-shaped conjugated C-P-P-P-C framework, characterized by 5-center-6-electron π delocalization and an additional σ lone pair located on each of the three phosphorus atoms.

The effects, mechanisms and strategies of daytime napping on athletes: a narrative review.

Athletes generally suffer from insufficient sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and a high overall prevalence of insomnia. Daytime napping has been demonstrated to supplement nighttime sleep in athletes; however, recent controversial findings warrant further consideration. This review synthesized existing studies on the effects of daytime naps on athletes, explored potential mechanisms of daytime napping, and analyzed instances of ineffective interventions or negative outcomes.

Self-control moderates the impacts of physical activity on the sleep quality of university students.

The study was designed to examine the role of self-control as a moderator in the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality in a sample of 2274 college students. We employed the Physical Activity Rating Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Self-Control Scale to assess the variables. Our analysis revealed a significant correlation between physical activity levels and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (r = - 0.

The relationship between physical activity and sleep quality among college students: The chain-mediating effects of self-control and mobile phone addiction.

The psychological and physiological health of undergraduates was correlated with the sleep quality, which can be improved through increasing physical activity. However, the correlations between physical activity and sleep quality are subject to various factors. In this study, we investigated the effects of self-control and mobile phone addiction on the correlations between physical activity on undergraduates' sleep quality at the psychological and behavioral levels.

Tai chi improves balance performance in healthy older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Previous research has indicated that tai chi exercise can effectively enhance balance performance in patients; however, its impact on healthy individuals remains uncertain. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to investigate the effects of different intensities and styles of tai chi exercise on the balance performance of healthy older adult individuals.

Methods: A targeted search method was employed to identify studies investigating the impact of tai chi exercise on balance in older adults across a range of databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Central, EBSCO, CHKI, and Embase.

Post-activation Performance Enhancement of Countermovement Jump after Drop Jump versus Squat Jump Exercises in Elite Rhythmic Gymnasts.

Drop jump (DJ) and squat jump (SJ) exercises are commonly used in rhythmic gymnastics training. However, the acute effects of DJ and SJ on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance have not been investigated. This study aimed to verify the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) responses induced by DJ and SJ with optimal power load and evaluate the relationship between peak PAPE effects and strength levels.

Effects of sanitary conditions with lipopolysaccharide injection and dietary valine supplementation on growth performance, immune response, bacterial profile, and microbial metabolites in weaned pigs.

This study investigated the effects of dietary -valine () supplementation and sanitary conditions with lipopolysaccharide injection on growth performance, immune response, and intestinal bacterial profiles and metabolites in weaned pigs. Thirty-two weaned pigs (6.98 ± 0.

Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility and performance indices in pullets and laying hens fed expeller-pressed Canadian prairie soybean meal.

Soybean meals (SBM) from different locations differ in their protein content, subsequently influencing their amino acid (AA) profile. In this study, standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA and growth or production performance were evaluated in pullets and hens fed SBM derived from soybean grown in Western Canada, primarily Manitoba (MB) labelled as A-, B- and C-SBM compared with that from Eastern Canada (Ontario, ON-SBM) and contained 38.3 ± 0.

Kinetics, Kinematics, and Muscle Activity Patterns During Back Squat With Different Contributions of Elastic Resistance.

Purpose: Performing back squats with elastic bands has been widely used in resistance training. Although research demonstrated greater training effects obtained from adding elastic bands to the back squat, little is known regarding the optimal elastic resistance and how it affects neuromuscular performance. This study aimed to compare the force, velocity, power, and muscle activity during back squats with different contributions of elastic resistance.

Functional evaluation of PF9 for its potential in controlling enterotoxigenic in weaned piglets.

During the bacterial selection, isolate PF9 demonstrated tolerance to low pH and high bile salt and an ability to extend the lifespan of infected with enterotoxigenic (;  < 0.05). Thirty-two weaned piglets susceptible to ETEC F4 were randomly allocated to four treatments as follows: 1) non-challenged negative control group (; basal diet and piglets gavaged with phosphate-buffered saline), 2) negative control group (; basal diet and piglets challenged with ETEC F4, 3 × 10 CFU per pig), 3) positive control (; basal diet + 80 mg·kg of avilamycin and piglets challenged with ETEC F4), and 4) probiotic candidate (PF9; control basal diet + 2.

Regulation of oxidative stress in the intestine of piglets after enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is recognized globally as a major gastrointestinal pathogen that impairs intestinal function. ETEC infection can lead to oxidative stress and disruption of intestinal integrity. The present study investigated the mechanism of increased oxidative stress and whether restoration of antioxidant defense could improve intestinal integrity in a piglet model with ETEC infection.

The relative age effect and its influence on athletic performance in Chinese junior female' tennis players.

The relative age effect (RAE) has been the focus of numerous studies; however, there are still fewer studies in women's sports than in men's sports. In this study, all female players (N = 2,255) who participated in Chinese junior tennis competitions (U12, U14, U16, and the National Junior Team) from 2014 to 2019 were investigated in terms of competitors' birth dates and year-end rankings. For the purposes of the analysis, the birth dates were also separated into quarters and half years.

A Triplet Iron Carbyne Complex.

Tuning the spin state of metal carbynes, which have broad applications in organic synthesis and material science, presents a formidable challenge for modern chemists as the strong field nature of carbyne ligands dictates low-spin ground spin states ( = 0 or 1/2) for known metal carbynes. Through the oxidative addition reaction of a low-coordinate iron(0) -heterocyclic carbene complex with the C-S bond of a thioazole-2-ylidene, we synthesized the first triplet ( = 1) metal terminal carbyne, an iron cyclic carbyne complex. Different from the classical metal carbynes, the triplet complex features an -type carbyne ligand and a weak Fe≡C triple bond, which endow it with the unique reactivity pattern of facile carbyne coupling, weak affinity toward nucleophiles, and facial addition reactions with electrophiles.

The relative age effect among Chinese junior men's tennis players and its impact on sports performance.

The relative age effect (RAE) has been the subject of many studies, but no relevant literature has discussed the phenomenon of RAE in Chinese tennis. Numerous studies have demonstrated that RAE significantly contributes to brain drain and other occurrences that create inequity. This paper analyzes the birth dates and year-end rankings of all male players (N = 2697) who participated in China's junior tennis tournaments (U12, U14, U16) between 2014 and 2019 and who were selected for China's National Junior Team in 2019 and 2020; the paper classifies the birth dates into quarters and semesters.

Rapid discrimination of urine specific gravity using spectroscopy and a modified combination method based on SPA and spectral index.

To achieve high-accuracy urine specific gravity discrimination and guide the design of four-waveband multispectral sensors. A modified combination strategy was attempted to be proposed based on the successive projections algorithm (SPA) and the spectral index (SI) in the present study. First, the SPA was used to select four spectral variables in the full spectra.