Low pneumoperitoneum pressure facilitates postoperative pain relief and gastrointestinal function recovery in laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The potential benefits of low pneumoperitoneum pressure (LPP) in laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery, particularly gastric procedures, remain insufficiently investigated. This meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the advantages of LPP in laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery compared to standard pneumoperitoneum pressure (SPP).

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 10, 2025.

Exosome derived from bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells prevents LPS-induced depressive like behaviors.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a multifaceted mental disorder marked by a spectrum of significant and persistent low mood symptoms. Its etiology involves genetic and environmental factors. In addition, the inflammatory process plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of depression.

Superior neurometabolic protection by 8-hydroxy-dihydromyricetin over dihydromyricetin in diabetic zebrafish: insights from integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics.

Herein, the effects of C-8 hydroxylation on the protective properties of dihydromyricetin (DHM) in a zebrafish larval model of diabetes and neurometabolic dysfunction were investigated. Diabetes was induced using alloxan and glucose, followed by treatment with DHM and its hydroxylated form, 8-hydroxy-dihydromyricetin (H-DHM), obtained through fermentation. Biochemical, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to evaluate their differences in efficacy.

Prognostic value of baseline body composition parameters from F-FDG PET/CT in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma patients.

This retrospective study investigated preliminarily the prognostic value of body composition parameters derived from baseline F-FDG PET/CT in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) patients. We included 94 treatment-naïve AITL patients diagnosed by histopathology. Based on the axial CT images of the third lumbar vertebra, the areas of skeletal muscle (SM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were semi-automatically delineated and standardized to finally obtain SM index (SMI), VAT index (VATI), and SAT index (SATI).

Enhancing feature discrimination with pseudo-labels for foundation model in segmentation of 3D medical images.

Development of medical image segmentation foundation models relies on large-scale samples. However, it is more time-consuming to annotate 3D medical images than 2D natural images, making it challenging to collect sufficient annotated samples. While pseudo-labeling offers a potential solution to expand the annotated dataset, it may introduce noisy labels that can create systematic biases, particularly affecting the segmentation performance of smaller anatomical structures.

Can Antibiotic Therapy Replace Surgery in Pediatric Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis? An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: The efficacy of nonoperative management (NOM) for pediatric uncomplicated appendicitis (UA) remains controversial, with a paucity of large-sample randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of NOM for pediatric UA through a meta-analysis of updated RCTs.

Methods: We systematically searched the Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases from their inception to April 18, 2025.

Development of a lung perfusion automated quantitative model based on dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography in patients with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism.

Objective: To develop PerAIDE, an AI-driven system for automated analysis of pulmonary perfusion blood volume (PBV) using dual-energy computed tomography pulmonary angiography (DE-CTPA) in patients with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism (CPE).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective observational study, 32 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD) and 151 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) were enrolled between January 2022 and July 2024. PerAIDE was developed to automatically quantify three distinct perfusion patterns-normal, reduced, and defective-on DE-CTPA images.

Tailoring metals, axial ligands, and carbon substrates in TMN-graphene for direct seawater electrolysis: A synergistic approach using density functional theory and machine learning algorithms.

Driven by the surging demand for sustainable energy production, direct seawater electrolysis for hydrogen generation has emerged as a pivotal research frontier. As a result, the design and optimization of highly stable, active, and selective oxygen-evolution-reaction (OER) catalysts has garnered considerable attention. In this study, by modifying the N-doped graphene substrates (S1-S3), introducing different axial ligands (X = Cl or OH), and tuning the transition metals (TM) at the active sites, we designed a total of 144 catalysts, consisting of 48 TMN-Sk and 96 TMN-Sk-X variants.

ECHS1: pathogenic mechanisms, experimental models, and emerging therapeutic strategies.

The ECHS1 (short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase 1) gene is critical for mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation and branched-chain amino acid metabolism. Mutations in ECHS1 lead to severe mitochondrial dysfunction and are implicated in rare metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. This review summarizes current understanding of how ECHS1 participates in key molecular processes, including energy metabolism, oxidative stress regulation, and apoptosis, and discusses its influence on mitochondrial function.

Metformin mitigates inflammation and apoptosis in salivary gland epithelial cells via an AMPK-dependent mechanism in chronic obstructive sialadenitis.

Chronic obstructive sialadenitis (COS) frequently results from apoptosis and inflammation in salivary gland epithelial cells, leading to salivary secretion dysfunction. Our previous research suggested that metformin (MET) might have a protective effect on salivary gland epithelial cells, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the potential impact of MET on COS using human salivary gland tissues, an in vitro inflammatory cell model, and a Wharton's ductal ligation model.

Murine hematopoietic progenitor cell lines with erythroid and megakaryocyte potential.

Red blood cells and platelets derive from bi-potential bone marrow megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors, but their study is constrained by cell scarcity and limited experimental systems. Here we show that conditional expression of a virally transduced, regulated form of Hoxa7 enables expansion of murine cells resembling megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors (Hoxa7-TPO), which undergo erythro-megakaryocytic differentiation upon Hoxa7 inactivation. The close relationship of Hoxa7-TPO cells to megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors is supported by genetic and phenotypic analyses, and mature Hoxa7-TPO-derived red blood cells and platelets are largely indistinguishable from their primary counterparts.

A narrative review on innovations of thyroid nodule ultrasound diagnosis: applications of robot and artificial intelligence technology.

Background And Objective: As the detection rate of thyroid nodules increases year by year, traditional ultrasonic diagnostic methods face challenges such as inefficiency and high dependence on physician experience. This paper focuses on the research status, advantages and challenges of robot automatic scanning and intelligent diagnosis system.

Methods: We systematically retrieved the PubMed and Web of Science databases, screened and integrated relevant articles, and conducted a systematic analysis and summary of the existing research.

Discordant patterns of anterior abdominal wall radiotracer accumulation in yttrium-90 selective internal radiation therapy: implications for pretherapeutic planning and posttreatment monitoring.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the differential patterns of anterior abdominal wall (AAW) radiotracer accumulation using pretherapeutic technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and posttherapeutic yttrium-90 (90Y) positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) imaging in 90Y resin microspheres selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 204 patients with unresectable liver malignancies who underwent SIRT between August 2022 and November 2024. Pretherapeutic evaluation included diagnostic angiography and 99mTc-MAA imaging.

Tc-MAA SPECT/CT imaging before Y-SIRT for reflecting the distribution of Y resin microspheres in tumors and the liver: a comparison with Y PET/CT verification imaging.

Background: Y microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (Y-SIRT) has been widely used for the treatment of unresectable primary or metastatic liver tumors. Tc-macroaggregated albumin single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (Tc-MAA SPECT/CT) and Y positron emission tomography-computed tomography (Y PET/CT) are performed before and after Y-SIRT, respectively, for pretreatment dose distribution assessment and posttreatment verification of microsphere distribution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of Tc-MAA SPECT/CT for dose distribution assessment and analyze its potential impact on the calculation of absorbed dose to normal liver tissue.

Removal of promoter CpG methylation by epigenome editing reverses HBG silencing.

β-hemoglobinopathies caused by mutations in adult-expressed HBB can be treated by re-activating the adjacent paralogous genes HBG1 and HBG2 (HBG), which are normally silenced perinatally. Although HBG expression is induced by global demethylating drugs, their mechanism is poorly understood, and toxicity limits their use. We identify the DNMT1-associated maintenance methylation protein UHRF1 as a mediator of HBG repression through a CRISPR/Cas9 screen.

Deep eutectic solvent-facilitated demethylation and depolymerization for producing highly reactive and antioxidative lignin.

Demethylation is a promising way for lignin valorization but is still challenging due to its reliance on hazardous solvents, super-stoichiometric halogenated reagents, and harsh reaction conditions. This study developed a facile and efficient strategy for lignin demethylation and depolymerization using a sustainable acidic deep eutectic solvent (DES) coupled with a remarkably reduced hydrobromic acid (HBr) loading (4.7 wt%).

Exosomes from high-altitude cerebral edema patients induce cognitive dysfunction by altering oxidative stress responses in mice.

The impact of exosomes derived from patients with High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE) on cognitive function in mice was investigated, along with the underlying mechanisms. Exosomes were extracted from HACE patients and injected into the dentate gyrus (DG) of mice. A series of behavioral tests assessed cognitive abilities.

Deciphering the role of CAPZA2 in neurodevelopmental disorders: insights from mouse models.

Intellectual disability affects 1-3% of the global population, with many unidentified genetic causes. This study investigates the role of CAPZA2, an actin cytoskeleton regulator, in neurodevelopmental disorders using CAPZA2 heterozygous knockout (CAPZA2) and heterozygous point mutant (CAPZA2) mice. CAPZA2 and CAPZA2 mice demonstrate notable decreases in CAPZA2 expression within the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), crucial for learning and memory.

Ectopic inner foveal layer as post pars plana vitrectomy prognostic predictor in eyes with idiopathic epiretinal membrane.

This study retrospectively analyzed medical records of 354 epiretinal membrane (ERM) eyes of 339 patients with 6-month postoperative follow-up to investigate the correlation between ectopic foveal inner layer (EIFL) and the EIFL-based ERM staging system with the anatomical and functional prognosis post pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with cataract surgery. Our results showed preoperative ERM stage (tau-b = 0.196, P < 0.

Assessment of bone health in pre-dialysis CKD patients based on TBS reference range for the Chinese population.

Background: Pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) Patients show a markedly elevated risk of fractures, and BMD assessments offer only limited insights into their bone health. The trabecular bone score (TBS), a newly introduced parameter for evaluating bone microarchitecture, is recommended for studying bone health under this context.

Methods: A total of 46 subjects were included in the control group, and 136 patients were included in the CKD group.

Impact of Intraoperative Cell Salvage on Circulating Tumor Cells and Cellular Activity in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Curative Resection: A Prospective Comparative Study.

This study investigates the effects of intraoperative cell salvage (IOCS) on cell survival rates, apoptosis levels, and circulating tumor cell (CTC) counts in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing curative resection. A combination of immunofluorescence, Western blot, flow cytometry, and qRT-PCR was employed to assess the impact of IOCS on cellular activity and CTC dynamics in these patients. No significant differences were found in demographic characteristics, including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), Child-Pugh classification, and liver function markers (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) between the experimental and control groups.

Causal Relationships Between Immune Cell Traits, Plasma Metabolites, and Asthma: A Two-Step, Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Considerable evidence suggests a strong link between immune cell traits (ICTs) and asthma development via plasma metabolites (PMs), but the causality between ICTs and asthma is still unclear, mainly due to issues like selection bias. Our research was designed to investigate the causality between ICTs, PMs, and asthma and to provide a clearer explanation of these relationships.

Methods: Utilizing the GWAS database, this study employed a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach and the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method to investigate the causality between ICTs and asthma, as well as between PMs and asthma.

KCNT1 gene variant-associated epilepsy: genetic insights, functional mechanisms, and emerging therapies.

KCNT1 gene variant-associated epilepsy is a rare genetic disorder with a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from mild symptoms to severe, early onset epileptic encephalopathies. It is commonly characterized by focal seizures, drug resistance, and neurodevelopmental impairments. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the disorder's molecular mechanisms, clinical features, experimental models, and emerging therapeutic approaches.

Transcriptomic and Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analyses Reveal Superior Multitarget Mechanisms of Dihydroquercetin Derivatives over Dihydroquercetin in Alleviating Energy Metabolism and Neurological Disorders in Diabetic Zebrafish.

Diabetes-induced impairments in energy metabolism and neurological function significantly compromise physiological functions, highlighting the importance of exploring natural product-based therapeutic strategies. This study systematically investigated the effects of dihydroquercetin (DHQ) and its two derivatives, 8-hydroxy-dihydroquercetin (H-DHQ) and dihydroquercetin-7--β-d-(4″--methyl)-glucoside (DHQ-MG), which were derived from fermentation by , on energy metabolism and neurological disorders in diabetic zebrafish larvae. The results demonstrated that both H-DHQ and DHQ-MG significantly ameliorated the motor dysfunction and neurodevelopmental impairments more effectively than DHQ, with DHQ-MG exhibiting the most pronounced effects.

Design of Bi-Material Triangle Curved Beam Honeycomb Metamaterial with Tunable Poisson's Ratio, Thermal Expansion, and Band Gap Characteristics.

Metamaterials, owing to their exceptional properties such as a negative Poisson's ratio, phonon band gap, and energy absorption, have garnered significant interest in aerospace, automotive transportation, and other domains. The increasing demand for metamaterial structures with diverse specialized attributes requires innovative design approaches. In this study, a novel bi-material triangular curved beam honeycomb metamaterial (BTBM) is designed, which exhibits a tunable Poisson's ratio (PR), coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and band gap characteristics.