A sequence-activated near-infrared fluorescence probe for precisely tracking senescence.

Real-time monitoring of senescent cells is of great significance for understanding and intervening in aging. Since overexpression of endogenous β-galactosidase (β-gal) is not unique to senescent cells, probes relying solely on β-gal activity could yield inaccurate senescent cell detection. Herein, we designed a dual-mode sequential response AND logic NIR probe MFB-βgal, which contains a β-gal-cleavable unit and a morpholine unit, serving as an enzymatic activity trigger and a lysosomal targeting moiety, respectively.

Evaluation of Brittle Rice Straw as a Novel Roughage Resource for Enhancing the Performance of Holstein Cows.

This study evaluated the straw of brittle mutant rice (Oryza sativa L.) as an alternative forage for dairy cows. In vitro incubation was conducted to investigate nutrient digestibility in Bermuda hay (BH), wild-type (WT), purple brittle (PB), and green brittle (GB) rice straws.

The association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and clinical outcomes in Chinese adult inpatients: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Previous studies reported the controvertible association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level and clinical outcomes, however, whether serum 25(OH)D level were associated with length of hospital stay (LOS) and mortality remained uncertain.

Methods: Participants were recruited from three teaching hospitals between January 1, 2018 and October 31, 2022 in Shanghai and Beijing, China. Serum concentration of 25(OH)D and other clinical information was collected from medical records.

Ion Valency as a Molecular Switch for Salt-Resistant Underwater Adhesion.

Achieving underwater adhesion remains challenging due to the disruption of interfacial interactions by hydration layers and the ionic environment. This study shows how high adhesion in a saline environment can be achieved in adhesive peptide systems relying on π-π and cation-π interactions using multivalent ions. Monovalent ions (K) disrupt native peptide-peptide interactions, drastically reducing adhesion strength.

Univariate and multivariate analysis of the styrofoam fixation device on patient setup errors in radiotherapy.

Background: Styrofoam is a patient-specific immobilization device in radiotherapy; most previous studies about the impact of styrofoam on setup errors have only analyzed a single tumor type, and have not considered the influence of patient's physical condition on the setup errors of styrofoam.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the impact of styrofoam device on setup errors in radiotherapy and explore which patient population is more suitable for styrofoam immobilization.

Methods: Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to compare the setup errors between the experimental group (styrofoam combined with thermoplastic mask) and the control group (thermoplastic mask alone).

Experimental Study on Shear Characteristics of Filled Joints Anchored by Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Materials.

Filled joints are widely found in natural rock masses and are one of the main factors causing rock mass engineering instability. The use of bolts can effectively control the shear slip of filled joints, research on bolts filled joints in the filling degree, and other key parameters of the influence of the law, to ensure the stability of the engineering rock body is of great significance. This paper presents shear experiments on bolted filled joints of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) materials with different joint roughness and filling degrees, while acoustic emission technology monitors the shear failure process of the specimens.

Robust Self-Healing Polyurethane-Based Solid-State Ion-Conductive Elastomers with Exceptional Strength and Ionic Conductivity for Multifunctional Strain Sensors and Triboelectric Nanogenerators.

Flexible ionic conductors hold potential for wearable sensors and energy harvesting. However, most gel-based conductors suffer from solvent evaporation and liquid leakage, limiting practical applications. Although solid-state ionic conductors mitigate these issues, achieving strong mechanics, high conductivity, self-healing, and stability remains challenging.

High-Strength, Self-Healing, and Conductive Polyurethane Enabled by Double Crosslinking Network for Advanced Multifunctional Strain Sensors.

Flexible and stretchable conductive elastomers have broad application prospects in health monitoring, wearable flexible sensor, and information encryption. However, the current electronic conductors have conductive fillers easily fall off, conductive performance is unstable, and other problems limit their practical applications. Therefore, developing a conductive elastomer that combines high mechanical properties, good compatibility of the conductive filler with the substrate, and stable conductivity remains a significant challenge.

Bioinspired Liquid-Free Ion-Conductive Elastomers with Ultrahigh Mechanical Strength and Excellent Ionic Conductivity for Multifunctional Flexible Sensing Applications.

Liquid-free ion-conductive elastomers with excellent mechanical and electrical conductivity are widely used in flexible sensors, wearable devices, soft touch screens, and supercapacitors. However, the inherent contradiction between mechanical and electrical properties often limits the development of liquid-free ion-conductive elastomers. Therefore, the preparation of liquid-free ion-conductive elastomers with both high mechanical properties and high ionic conductivity remains a major challenge.

A pangenome reference of wild and cultivated rice.

Oryza rufipogon, the wild progenitor of Asian cultivated rice Oryza sativa, is an important resource for rice breeding. Here we present a wild-cultivated rice pangenome based on 145 chromosome-level assemblies, comprising 129 genetically diverse O. rufipogon accessions and 16 diverse varieties of O.

High-strength, solvent-resistant carboxymethyl chitosan composite rubber based on dual covalent crosslinking network and hydrogen bond network for multi-functional sensing.

In order to prepare natural polymer composite rubber with excellent mechanical properties, solvent resistance and electrical conductivity, and to apply it to multifunctional sensing. In this study, an environmentally friendly and effective strategy was employed to solve these problems. Carboxymethyl chitosan composite rubber was prepared by introducing the dual covalent crosslinking network into carboxy nitrile butadiene rubber via amide and radical reactions, followed by blending with carboxymethyl chitosan to introduce a hydrogen bonding network.

Identification and functional validation of ACSL1 as a biomarker regulating ferroptosis in nucleus pulposus cell.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder characterized by the deterioration of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, leading to significant impairments in patients' quality of life. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying IVDD is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we utilized weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify key module eigengenes (MEs) from the GSE124272 dataset, combined with differential gene expression analysis to pinpoint differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Anxiety induced by artificial intelligence (AI) painting: An investigation based on the fear acquisition theory.

Objective: This article aims to systematically investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) painting tools on multidimensional social-psychological anxieties, specifically focusing on privacy violation, bias behavior, job replacement, and learning anxiety.

Method: Based on the fear acquisition theory framework, this study investigates the dimensions of anxiety induced by AI painting. Through questionnaire surveys, first-order and second-order confirmatory factor analysis, and one-way analysis of variance, the study successfully measures the multidimensional impact of AI painting on psychological anxiety.

Complex and severe infection in a 67-year-old liver transplant recipient due to Cunninghamella elegans, Bordetella bronchiseptica, and Pneumocystis jirovecii.

Introduction: Cunninghamella elegans infections cause rare and severe mucormycosis. Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pneumocystis jirovecii relate to pneumonia. They are all clinically uncommon pathogens and no reports of co-infections have been reported.

Reverse Mutations in Pigmentation Induced by Sodium Azide in the IR64 Rice Variety.

Pigmentation in rice is due mainly to the accumulation of anthocyanins. Five color mutant lines, AZ1701, AZ1702, AZ1711, AZ1714, and AZ1715, derived from the sodium azide mutagenesis on the non-pigmented IR64 variety, were applied to study inheritance modes and genes for pigmentation. The mutant line AZ1711, when crossed with IR64, displays pigmentation in various tissues, exhibiting a 3:1 pigmented to non-pigmented ratio in the F progeny, indicating a single dominant locus controlling pigmentation.

Characterization of Cell Wall Compositions of Sodium Azide-Induced Brittle Mutant Lines in IR64 Variety and Its Potential Application.

The rice brittle culm is a cell wall composition changed mutant suitable for studying mechanical strength in rice. However, a thorough investigation of brittle culm has been limited due to the lack of diverse brittle mutants on similar genetic backgrounds in cell walls. In this study, we obtained 45 various brittle mutant lines (BMLs) from the IR64 mutant pool induced by sodium azide mutagenesis using the finger-bending method and texture profile analysis.

Xanthan gum modulation of octenyl succinic anhydrate starch-based high internal phase emulsions: Characterization, rheological behavior, and 3D printing applications.

The growing popularity of three-dimensional (3D) food printing has highlighted the need for suitable printable materials. This study explores the impact of xanthan gum on octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch-stabilized High Internal Phase Emulsions (HIPEs) for 3D food printing applications. Xanthan gum was added to increase the viscosity of the continuous phase, which helps to slow down the movement and reduce the collision of emulsion droplets.

An exploration of the solution of direct methanol fuel cell cost effectiveness.

The work in this paper incorporated printed circuit board (PCB) technology into micro-direct methanol fuel cells (µDMFCs) and conjectured and verified the performance degradation factors of PCB current collectors in µDMFCs by testing different designed configuration µDMFCs. The experiment results showed that all kinds of PCB coating can benefit from the porous stainless-steel plates covering to a great extent. At the end of 48 h discharging, µDMFCs with porous stainless-steel plates between MEA and PCB coating achieved higher performance than those of the direct contacting series.

Rice's trajectory from wild to domesticated in East Asia.

Rice () serves as a staple food for more than one-third of the global population. However, its journey from a wild gathered food to domestication remains enigmatic, sparking ongoing debates in the biological and anthropological fields. Here, we present evidence of rice phytoliths sampled from two archaeological sites in China, Shangshan and Hehuashan, near the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing assistance in identifying meningoencephalitis: A case report and literature review.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria associated intracranial infection is a rare disease that mainly occurs in HIV-infected patients. The disease has a poor prognosis. The authors report a case of non-tuberculous mycobacterial meningoencephalitis in a non-AIDS patient, but long history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Iron-Catalyzed Aminoalkylative Carbonylative Cyclization of Alkenes toward α-Tetralones.

Carbonylative multifunctionalization of alkenes is an efficient approach to introduce multiple functional groups into one molecule from easily available materials. Herein, we developed an iron-catalyzed radical relay carbonylative cyclization of alkenes with acetamides. Various α-tetralones can be constructed in moderate yields from readily available substrates with an earth-abundant iron salt as the catalyst.

Bioinspired Bottlebrush Polymers Effectively Alleviate Frictional Damage Both In Vitro and In Vivo.

Bottlebrush polymers (BB) have emerged as compelling candidates for biosystems to face tribological challenges, including friction and wear. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of an engineered triblock BB polymer's affinity, cell toxicity, lubrication, and wear protection in both in vitro and in vivo settings, focusing on applications for conditions like osteoarthritis and dry eye syndrome. Results show that the designed polymer rapidly adheres to various surfaces (e.

A higher-yield hybrid rice is achieved by assimilating a dominant heterotic gene in inbred parental lines.

The exploitation of heterosis to integrate parental advantages is one of the fastest and most efficient ways of rice breeding. The genomic architecture of heterosis suggests that the grain yield is strongly correlated with the accumulation of numerous rare superior alleles with positive dominance. However, the improvements in yield of hybrid rice have shown a slowdown or even plateaued due to the limited availability of complementary superior alleles.

Direct C-H Sulfuration: Synthesis of Disulfides, Dithiocarbamates, Xanthates, Thiocarbamates and Thiocarbonates.

In light of the important biological activities and widespread applications of organic disulfides, dithiocarbamates, xanthates, thiocarbamates and thiocarbonates, the continual persuit of efficient methods for their synthesis remains crucial. Traditionally, the preparation of such compounds heavily relied on intricate multi-step syntheses and the use of highly prefunctionalized starting materials. Over the past two decades, the direct sulfuration of C-H bonds has evolved into a straightforward, atom- and step-economical method for the preparation of organosulfur compounds.