Lewy body dementia promotion by air pollutants.

Evidence links air pollution to dementia, yet its role in Lewy body dementia (LBD) remains unclear. In this work, we showed in a cohort of 56.5 million individuals across the United States that fine particulate matter (PM) exposure raises LBD risk.

Development of functional markers and expression analysis for a Peroxidase gene TaPod-A3 on chromosome 7AL in wheat.

Peroxidase (POD) is one of the key factors affecting the wheat flour quality. Characterization and development of functional markers, as well as expression analysis of POD genes, will help in breeding wheat cultivars and advanced lines with better flour quality. Here, we cloned a POD gene, TaPod-A3, on chromosome 7AL and developed its functional marker in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L).

Genome-Wide Linkage Mapping of QTL for Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in a Chinese Wheat Population Lantian 25 × Huixianhong.

Stripe rust, caused by f. sp. (Pst), represents a major global threat to wheat (.

Unlocking the Potential of Ynamide as a Promoter in Copper(II)-Catalyzed -Glycosylation.

A copper-catalyzed glycosylation strategy was devised, utilizing ynamide as a promoter. An extensive examination of substrate scope was performed, encompassing a diverse array of alcohols and carbohydrates, which revealed the method's remarkable tolerance toward functional groups. By isolating and analyzing intermediates, valuable insights into the glycosylation mechanism were gained.

A novel synergy remediation of solubilization adsorption coupled with oxidation by cyclodextrin-magnetic biochar assisted persulfate for benzo(a)pyrene-contaminated soil.

During biochar (BC) assisting persulfate (PS) in remediating organic contaminated soils, challenges include low electron transfer efficiency and a limited adsorption-oxidation interface, which hinder pollutant degradation under complex environmental conditions. This study prepared a biochar-based composite activator (CDMBC) by introducing iron oxides onto the biochar surface and grafting β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and examined CDMBC's role in facilitating PS oxidation to remediate benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-contaminated soil under mild conditions. Results showed that CDMBC had a loose surface structure with partially uniform active components, strong oxidative capacity, and enhanced electron transfer ability.

Development of functional markers for peroxidase activity genes TaPod-7AS and TaPod-4AL in wheat.

Grain peroxidase (POD) has a pivotal role in determining wheat flour color and end-use products. High POD activity in wheat grains can improve the whiteness and commercial value of flour. The POD genes TaPod-7AS and TaPod-4AL have high effects on POD activity in wheat.

The proteomic and transcriptomic profiles of gastric mucosa from health volunteers.

Few studies chose healthy samples from the normal as their study object in cancer research. Compared with the normal tissue adjacent to the tumor (NAT), the normal tissue reflects the real baseline molecular expression used to detect the changes in tumorigenesis accurately. In this study, 49 mucosa biopsies were collected from 7 histoanatomical regions of 7 young healthy volunteers to establish a multi-omics profiling of the normal stomach by SWATH-MS and RNA-seq.

TGFB1/CXCL5 axis regulation by LCN2 overexpression: a promising strategy to inhibit colorectal cancer metastasis and enhance prognosis.

Background: Distant metastasis remains a major reason for the high recurrence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving metastasis in CRC remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) on CRC metastasis.

Present progress in biomarker discovery of endometrial cancer by multi-omics approaches.

Endometrial cancer (EC), a prevalent and intricate disease, is associated with a poor prognosis among gynecological malignancies. Its incidence rising globally underscores the urgent need for biomarkers detection in both research and clinical settings. Over the past decade, we've witnessed rapid advancements in biological methodologies and techniques.

Photolytic Mass Loss of Secondary Organic Aerosol Derived from Photooxidation of Biomass Burning Furan Precursors.

Direct photolysis as a potentially important chemical loss pathway for atmospheric organic aerosol (OA) is increasingly recognized but remains highly uncertain, particularly for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) derived from biomass burning (BB) precursors. We present the measurements of the photolytic mass change of SOA derived from photooxidation of three furan precursors, 3-methylfuran, 2-methylfuran, and furfural, in an environmental chamber under both dry and humid conditions. Each type of SOA was collected on crystal sensors, and the mass losses by photolysis under 300 or 340 nm light were continuously monitored using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM).

A new therapy to alleviate the inflammatory injury of piglet intestine caused by short-distance transportation--music.

The purpose of this study was to explore whether music can reduce stress in animals by regulating the activity of the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal cortex (HPA) axis and reducing the concentration of cortisol. The control group was not played with any music or mechanical noise, the music group played music before and during transport, and the noise group played noise before and during transport as a positive control. The results showed that after two-hours of transportation, the concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol in the music group were lower than that in the control and the noise groups, while the cortisol level in the noise group was higher than that in the music and the control groups.

Properties of Surface-Active Organics in Aerosol Particles Produced from Combustion of Biomass Fuels under Simulated Prescribed-Fire and Wildfire Conditions.

The interfacial properties of the organic fraction of biomass burning aerosols (BBA), such as the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surfactant composition, may vary based on the origin and moisture content of the fuel and the resulting combustion conditions. Surfactant composition, fraction of total particle mass, surface tension minimums, and CMC values of organics extracted from fresh and aged BBA produced using fuel beds from Georgia ecoregions (Piedmont, Coastal Plain, and Blue Ridge) and with fuel moisture contents representative of prescribed fires or drought-induced wildfires were measured using high resolution mass spectrometry, UV-vis spectroscopy, and pendant drop tensiometry. Surface tension minimums of organics extracted from all BBA were low (<45 mN m), and surfactants were ∼2% of the total particle mass.

A case report of epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma misdiagnosed as a nasal poly.

Rationale: Respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas (REAH) are benign tumors. The clinical presentation of REAH often resembles that of nasal polyps or inverted papillomas. Owing to the lack of specific clinical symptoms or imaging findings, the diagnosis is usually confirmed only by pathological examination after surgery and misdiagnosis is common.

A retrospective analysis of 338 surgically treated pituitary adenomas.

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics, pituitary function assessment, postoperative pathological features, and postoperative recurrence of surgically treated pituitary adenomas (PAs).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 338 patients (169 women; average age: 50.01 ± 12.

Regional-specific trends of PM and O temperature sensitivity in the United States.

Climate change poses direct and indirect threats to public health, including exacerbating air pollution. However, the influence of rising temperature on air quality remains highly uncertain in the United States, particularly under rapid reduction in anthropogenic emissions. Here, we examined the sensitivity of surface-level fine particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O) to summer temperature anomalies in the contiguous US as well as their decadal changes using high-resolution datasets generated by machine learning.

Knowledge discovery from database: MRI radiomic features to assess recurrence risk in high-grade meningiomas.

Purpose: We used knowledge discovery from radiomics of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (T1C) for assessing relapse risk in patients with high-grade meningiomas (HGMs).

Methods: 279 features were extracted from each ROI including 9 histogram features, 220 Gy-level co-occurrence matrix features, 20 Gy-level run-length matrix features, 5 auto-regressive model features, 20 wavelets transform features and 5 absolute gradient statistics features. The datasets were randomly divided into two groups, the training set (~ 70%) and the test set (~ 30%).

PTPN22 and the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis: Insights into T cell differentiation and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

70 % of the ulcerative colitis (UC) linked gene loci are associated with other autoimmune or immunodeficient diseases. The phosphatase activity of PTPN22 can regulate the development of T cells and contribute to regulate the level of inflammation in autoimmune diseases. We produced PTPN22-CS thymus-specific transgenic mice, which suppressed PTPN22 enzyme activity in the thymocytes.

Secondary Organic Aerosol from Biomass Burning Phenolic Compounds and Nitrate Radicals can be Highly Viscous over a Wide Relative Humidity Range.

Biomass burning events, including wildfires, can emit large amounts of phenolic compounds such as guaiacol. These phenolic compounds can undergo oxidation by nitrate radicals (NO) to form secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Viscosity and hygroscopicity are key properties that affect SOA's role in atmospheric chemistry, air quality, climate and public health.

Sustainability of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) along with Vocational Psychology.

Since the first Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, the gap for technical talent began to widen, and the concept of large-scale technical and vocational education and training (TVET) began to be advocated [...

Effects of Low Field Temperature on the Physicochemical Properties and Fine Structure Stability of High-Quality Rice Starch during the Grain Filling Stage.

The consumption of high-quality rice is increasing. Low temperatures during grain filling may affect the starch synthesis of high-quality rice and thus affect the quality of the rice itself. In this study, two high-quality conventional rice cultivars and two high-quality hybrid rice cultivars were selected and sown at a low temperature and normal temperature in the field.

Brown Carbon Emissions from Biomass Burning under Simulated Wildfire and Prescribed-Fire Conditions.

We investigated the light-absorption properties of brown carbon (BrC) as part of the Georgia Wildland-Fire Simulation Experiment. We constructed fuel beds representative of three ecoregions in the Southeastern U.S.

Differences in cooking taste and physicochemical properties between compound nutritional rice and common rice.

In this study, it was compared the physicochemical properties and cooking taste quality between four different types of compound nutritional rice (rice flour with the addition of other coarse grains, legumes, potatoes, and other powders, extruded as artificial rice grains) and common rice. We found that the protein and apparent amylose contents of compound nutritional rice were higher than that of common rice, up to 9.775% and 19.

Identification of stripe rust resistance gene YrBDT in Chinese landrace wheat Baidatou using BSE-seq and BSR-seq.

A new stripe rust resistance gene YrBDT in Chinese landrace wheat Baidatou was mapped to a 943.6-kb interval on chromosome arm 6DS and co-segregated with a marker CAPS3 developed from candidate gene TraesCS6D03G0027300. Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f.