Water resistance and hydration mechanism of phosphogypsum cemented paste backfill under composite curing agent modification.

Cemented paste backfill has made outstanding contributions to the large-scale consumption of phosphogypsum (PG), but poor water resistance significantly weakens the mechanical strength, promotes the leaching of total soluble phosphate (TP) and fluoride ions (F), and reduces its attractiveness in mine engineering. This research synthesized a curing agent (CA) using sodium methylsilicate, sodium silicate, and polyaluminum chloride (PAC). PG produced from Deyang Haohua Qingping Phosphate Mine Co.

Autogenous Transplantation of an Immature Undersized Third Molar to Rehabilitate a Cyst-Associated Lateral Incisor Defect: A 3-Year Case Report.

Severe periapical cysts frequently result in tooth loss with concomitant severe alveolar bone destruction, precluding immediate implant placement. Autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT), which involves transplanting the patient's own tooth to the recipient site, offers a biological approach to reconstruct both the dentition and supporting bone structures. This report presents a 25-year-old female with a mobile, discolored maxillary right lateral incisor (#12) exhibiting grade 3 mobility due to a large periapical cyst (extending to #14 on CBCT) with root developmental arrest, secondary to Oehlers type II dens invaginatus.

Clinical and Genetic Findings in a Chinese Cohort of Dentatorubral-Pallidoluysian Atrophy Patients.

Objective: Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of cytosine-adenine-guanine repeats in ATN1. Most studies on DRPLA to date are limited to case reports. We aimed to provide a comprehensive summary of the clinical, genetic, biological, and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of DRPLA using cross-sectional baseline data.

Transcranial alternating current stimulation for treating spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: A randomized controlled trial.

There are no specific treatments for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), a neurodegenerative disease causing cerebellar dysfunction. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can improve cerebellar motor functions, and it has been shown to be safe and effective in treating neurological diseases. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) explored the effects of tACS on SCA3 patients.

NDDRF 2.0: An update and expansion of risk factor knowledge base for personalized prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are chronic diseases caused by brain neuron degeneration, requiring systematic integration of risk factors to address their heterogeneity. Established in 2021, Knowledgebase of Risk Factors for Neurodegenerative Diseases (NDDRF) was the first knowledge base to consolidate NDD risk factors. NDDRF 2.

Research on Leak Detection and Localization Algorithm for Oil and Gas Pipelines Using Wavelet Denoising Integrated with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)-Transformer Models.

Traditional leakage prediction models for long-distance pipelines have limitations in effectively synchronizing spatial and temporal features of leakage signals, leading to data processing that heavily relies on manual experience and exhibits insufficient generalization capabilities. This paper introduces a novel leakage detection and localization algorithm for oil and gas pipelines, integrating wavelet denoising with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)-Transformer model. The proposed algorithm utilizes pressure sensors to collect real-time pipeline pressure data and applies wavelet denoising to eliminate noise from the pressure signals.

MIO: An ontology for annotating and integrating medical knowledge in myocardial infarction to enhance clinical decision making.

As biotechnology and computer science continue to advance, there's a growing amount of biomedical data worldwide. However, standardizing and consolidating these data remains challenging, making analysis and comprehension more difficult. To enhance research on complex diseases like myocardial infarction (MI), an ontology is necessary to ensure consistent data labeling and knowledge representation.

Improved Prediction of Elastic Modulus for Carbon-Based Aerogels Using Power-Scaling Model.

The mechanical stability of carbon aerogels, particularly their thermal insulation performance, is closely linked to their elastic modulus. This property plays a crucial role in determining the material's overall mechanical stability. The objective of this study is to enhance the accuracy of elastic modulus predictions for carbon aerogels using a power-scaling model.

Interferometric Ultra-High Resolution 3D Imaging through Brain Sections.

Single-molecule super-resolution microscopy allows pin-pointing individual molecular positions in cells with nanometer precision. However, achieving molecular resolution through tissues is often difficult because of optical scattering and aberrations. We introduced 4Pi single-molecule nanoscopy for brain with point spread function retrieval through opaque tissue (4Pi-BRAINSPOT), integrating 4Pi single-molecule switching nanoscopy with dynamic coherent PSF modeling, single-molecule compatible tissue clearing, light-sheet illumination, and a novel quantitative analysis pipeline utilizing the highly accurate 3D molecular coordinates.

Translational Informatics Driven Drug Repositioning for Neurodegenerative Disease.

Neurodegenerative diseases represent a prevalent category of age-associated diseases. As human lifespans extend and societies become increasingly aged, neurodegenerative diseases pose a growing threat to public health. The lack of effective therapeutic drugs for both common and rare neurodegenerative diseases amplifies the medical challenges they present.

Autotransplantation of a Third Molar to Replace Compromised Molar With the Individual Three-Dimensional Printed Ultrasonic Osteotome: A Case Report.

Tooth autotransplantation is widely used to replace congenitally missing teeth or teeth with irreversible damage. This case report presents a personalized ultrasonic osteotome that enables precise preparation, minimizes bone trauma, enhances the initial stability of the transplanted tooth, and contributes to a favorable prognosis. The procedure is as follows: a 25-year-old female patient presented with a porcelain-fused-to-metal crown on Tooth #19, which had detached due to severe decay, rendering the tooth unsalvageable.

Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele is associated with better performance language and visual memory in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.

Background: The regulatory role of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele in the clinical manifestations of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the APOE ε4 allele on cognitive and motor functions in SCA3 patients.

Methods: This study included 281 unrelated SCA3 patients and 182 controls.

Experimental species removal reveals species contributions to positive pollinator-mediated reproductive interactions.

Pollinator-mediated reproductive interactions among co-flowering plant species provide a canonical example of how biotic factors may contribute to species coexistence, yet we lack understanding of the exact mechanisms. Flowering-dominant and unusually attractive "magnet species" with disproportionate contributions to pollination may play key roles in such reproductive interactions, but their relative roles within the same community have rarely been assessed. We experimentally removed either a flowering-dominant or a highly attractive magnet species and compared effects on visitation frequency, pollinator richness, and seed set of co-flowering plants.

Palatal root endodontic microsurgery in maxillary molars using the palatal approach: a case study.

Background: In clinical practice, the buccal approach is typically the primary choice for endodontic microsurgery. Owing to the thickness of the buccal bone plate, the distance between the buccal bone plate and palatal lesion location, and soft tissue traction, the palatal approach may be more suitable for microsurgery for apical periodontitis of the palatal roots of the maxillary molars. However, the length of the palatal root, location of the greater palatine artery (GPA) and foramen (GPF), and surgical field of observation make palatal surgery challenging.

Phosphorylation of Piezo1 at a single residue, serine-1612, regulates its mechanosensitivity and in vivo mechanotransduction function.

Piezo1 is a mechanically activated cation channel that converts mechanical force into diverse physiological processes. Owing to its large protein size of more than 2,500 amino acids and complex 38-transmembrane helix topology, how Piezo1 is post-translationally modified for regulating its in vivo mechanotransduction functions remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that PKA activation potentiates the mechanosensitivity and slows the inactivation kinetics of mouse Piezo1 and identify the major phosphorylation site, serine-1612 (S1612), that also responds to PKC activation and shear stress.

PPCRKB: a risk factor knowledge base of postoperative pulmonary complications.

Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are highly heterogeneous disorders with diverse risk factors frequently occurring after surgical interventions, resulting in significant financial burdens, prolonged hospitalization and elevated mortality rates. Despite the existence of multiple studies on PPCs, a comprehensive knowledge base that can effectively integrate and visualize the diverse risk factors associated with PPCs is currently lacking. This study aims to develop an online knowledge platform on risk factors for PPCs (Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Risk Factor Knowledge Base, PPCRKB) that categorizes and presents the risk and protective factors associated with PPCs, as well as to facilitate the development of individualized prevention and management strategies for PPCs based on the needs of each investigator.

Characteristics of tandem repeat inheritance and sympathetic nerve involvement in GAA-FGF14 ataxia.

Background: Intronic GAA repeat expansion ([GAA] ≥250) in FGF14 is associated with the late-onset neurodegenerative disorder, spinocerebellar ataxia 27B (SCA27B, GAA-FGF14 ataxia). We aim to determine the prevalence of the GAA repeat expansion in FGF14 in Chinese populations presenting late-onset cerebellar ataxia (LOCA) and evaluate the characteristics of tandem repeat inheritance, radiological features and sympathetic nerve involvement.

Methods: GAA-FGF14 repeat expansion was screened in an undiagnosed LOCA cohort (n = 664) and variations in repeat-length were analyzed in families of confirmed GAA-FGF14 ataxia patients.

Discovery of N-X anomeric amides as electrophilic halogenation reagents.

Electrophilic halogenation is a widely used tool employed by medicinal chemists to either pre-functionalize molecules for further diversity or incorporate a halogen atom into drugs or drug-like compounds to solve metabolic problems or modulate off-target effects. Current methods to increase the power of halogenation rely on either the invention of new reagents or activating commercially available reagents with various additives such as Lewis or Brønsted acids, Lewis bases and hydrogen-bonding activators. There is a high demand for new reagents that can halogenate otherwise unreactive compounds under mild conditions.

Improvement of roughness in ultrasonic assisted magnetorheological finishing of small titanium alloy nuts by orthogonal test method.

Titanium alloy with high corrosion resistance, high strength-to-density ratio, and excellent biocompatibility has a wide range of applications in the field of biomedical implants. Polishing experiments of titanium alloy with a small size and complex shapes were investigated using an ultrasonic assisted magnetorheological finishing (UMRF) device excited by a three-pole magnetic field generator. The models of the normal force and the shear force were first proposed based on the Preston equation to analyze the mechanism of material removal in the UMRF process.

Carbon quaternization of redox active esters and olefins by decarboxylative coupling.

The synthesis of quaternary carbons often requires numerous steps and complex conditions or harsh reagents that act on heavily engineered substrates. This is largely a consequence of conventional polar-bond retrosynthetic disconnections that in turn require multiple functional group interconversions, redox manipulations, and protecting group chemistry. Here, we report a simple catalyst and reductant combination that converts two types of feedstock chemicals, carboxylic acids and olefins, into tetrasubstituted carbons through quaternization of radical intermediates.

Magnetic circuit design for the performance experiment of shear yield stress enhanced by compression of magnetorheological fluids.

The shear yield stress is an important parameter for the industrial application of magnetorheological (MR) fluids. A test equipment was designed and built to perform investigations on the behaviours of compression and shear after squeeze of MR fluids. Mathematical expression of magnetic flux density was further established.

From multi-omics approaches to personalized medicine in myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a prevalent cardiovascular disease characterized by myocardial necrosis resulting from coronary artery ischemia and hypoxia, which can lead to severe complications such as arrhythmia, cardiac rupture, heart failure, and sudden death. Despite being a research hotspot, the etiological mechanism of MI remains unclear. The emergence and widespread use of omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other omics, have provided new opportunities for exploring the molecular mechanism of MI and identifying a large number of disease biomarkers.

Cognitive impairment associated with cerebellar volume loss in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.

Background: Many neuroscience and neurology studies have forced a reconsideration of the traditional motor-related scope of cerebellar function, which has now expanded to include various cognitive functions. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3; the most common hereditary ataxia) is neuropathologically characterized by cerebellar atrophy and frequently presents with cognitive impairment.

Objective: To characterize cognitive impairment in SCA3 and investigate the cerebellum-cognition associations.