Impact of State-Level Physical Education Policies on PE Access in the United States: A Comparative Analysis of Policy Implementation and Weekly PE Minutes.

Background: State policies play a key role in the provision of physical education (PE) opportunities at the district and school level.

Methods: An analysis was conducted on how states in the United States with various PE policies differ in terms of PE access as a measure of policy implementation. PE access for students was reported by 3306 K-5th grade PE teachers across all 51 states.

Examining prospective memory and well-being among parents of children with chronic conditions.

Objective: Much of the literature that examines well-being in parent caregivers of children with chronic conditions addresses psychosocial correlates. Yet, few studies address an integral cognitive aspect of daily life, prospective memory (PM), in association with parent well-being. The present work addressed this gap and examined parents' self-reported PM demands related to managing their child's chronic conditions and frequency of PM forgetting to well-being.

OsmoFold: A high-throughput tool for predicting the impact of osmolytes on protein structure.

Small molecules can affect a protein's fold and stability. Physical chemistry conceptualizes this effect using Tanford's transfer model, which describes the change in free energy of a protein upon transfer from water to a solution containing some concentration of a small molecule. Using additive transfer free energies of individual amino acids, one can apply the transfer model to quantitatively predict how small molecules affect protein folding equilibria.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia After Eating Disorder Treatment: The TIRED Study.

Objective: The purpose of this pilot trial was to evaluate the novel use of Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia (BBTI) for people with residual insomnia disorder following eating disorder (ED) treatment.

Methods: Participants (N = 6) completed a multiple-baseline design study of BBTI. The primary outcome was insomnia severity, measured by the Insomnia Severity Index.

Predicting sugar-sweetened beverage intake from the brain and known risk factors in adolescents.

Background: Low socio-economic status, male sex, and body mass index (BMI) are known risk factors for high sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in adolescents. The present analysis aimed to predict SSB intake based on known risk factors and resting-state functional magnetic resonance (rsfMRI) connectivity from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study.

Methods: Using the year-2 follow up visit Block Kids Food Screener data, participants were categorized as low SSB consumers (<8 floz/day) or high SSB consumers (>16 floz/day).

Essential Oils from Wild Albanian : GC-MS Profiling, Biological Activity, and Enhanced Delivery via Nanoencapsulation.

The growing demand for natural preservatives has driven interest in essential oils (EOs) from medicinal and aromatic plants. This study examines the potential of EOs from six wild populations of Albanian , specifically subsp. , , and species, to be utilized for food conservation, among other possible uses.

Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Delivery of AntimiR-Conjugated Bio-Gold Nanoparticles for In Vivo Tumor Targeting.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in cell-to-cell communication and delivery of signaling molecules and represent an interesting approach in targeted therapy. This project focused on EV-mediated facilitation and cell-specific delivery of effector antimiR molecules carried by biologically produced gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). First, we loaded EVs derived from cancer cells 4T1 with AuNPs-antimiR.

Structure-Property Linkage in Alloys Using Graph Neural Network and Explainable Artificial Intelligence.

Deep learning tools have recently shown significant potential for accelerating the prediction of microstructure-property linkage in materials. While deep neural networks like convolution neural networks (CNNs) can extract physics information from 3D microstructure images, they often require a large network architecture and substantial training time. In this research, we trained a graph neural network (GNN) using phase field generated microstructures of Ni-Al alloys to predict the evolution of mechanical properties.

Obesity-Induced MASLD Is Reversed by Capsaicin via Hepatic TRPV1 Activation.

Background And Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a progressive liver disorder associated with metabolic risk factors such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. If left untreated, the accumulation of excess hepatic fat can lead to inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and ultimately liver failure. Capsaicin (CAP), the primary pungent compound in chili peppers, has previously been shown to prevent weight gain in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity models.

Testing key tenets of pyro-ecophysiology: Indicators of drought response in relation to shoot flammability.

Premise: Relationships between flammability and drought tolerance influence vegetation dynamics during fires. A goal of the emerging subdiscipline of pyro-ecophysiology is to identify ecophysiological traits that determine live fuel flammability, but empirical studies of these relationships are rare. Furthermore, drought tolerance has been suggested as a surrogate for low flammability when choosing species to plant near houses in fire-prone areas, but this hypothesis has not been tested.

Yellowstone's free-moving large bison herds provide a glimpse of their past ecosystem function.

Although momentum is building to restore bison across North America, most efforts focus on small, managed herds, leaving unclear how large, migrating herds shape landscapes and whether their effects enhance or degrade ecosystems. We assessed carbon and nitrogen dynamics across the northern Yellowstone ecosystem, where one of the last remaining large migratory populations resides. Bison stabilized net aboveground production while accelerating nitrogen turnover, increasing aboveground nitrogen pools while carbon pools remained stable, which improved landscape nutritional quality.

Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from retail raw chicken meat in Jordan.

Campylobacteriosis is among the most common infectious foodborne diseases caused by the bacterium Campylobacter jejuni. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles, and the presence of targeted AMR genes among C. jejuni isolated from chilled raw chicken meat at different retail markets and abattoirs in Jordan.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Behavioral and Emotional Problems in Adolescents With and Without Autism.

Objectives: We sought to examine differences in caregiver-reported adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in adolescents with and without autism and explore associations between ACEs and behavioral and emotional problems in those with ACEs.

Methods: Children were classified as having autism, another developmental disability (DD), or population comparison (POP) after a comprehensive evaluation in the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED) between 2 to 5 years of age. Caregivers of these same children completed the SEED Teen survey and answered questions about ACEs and current behavioral and emotional problems at 12 to 16 years of age.

Sleep modulation via Nucleus Accumbens A2AR neurons to probe cognition and behavior in mice.

A key tool to investigate the putative function(s) of sleep is a model system in which sleep can be manipulated to design gain-of-function experiments and loss-of-function experiments i.e. increasing and decreasing sleep amounts to assess the effects on outcome variables.

Plant traits and associated ecological data from global change experiments and climate gradients in Norway.

Plant functional trait-based approaches are powerful tools to assess the consequences of global environmental changes for plant ecophysiology, population and community ecology, ecosystem functioning, and landscape ecology. Here, we present data capturing these ecological dimensions from grazing, nitrogen addition, and warming experiments conducted along a 821 m a.s.

In-situ synthesis of interfacial In-O-Mn lewis acid-base pairs for low-temperature photothermal CO hydrogenation to methanol.

CO hydrogenation into methanol suffers from a huge obstacle of low methanol yield due to the leverage effect of CO conversion and methanol selectivity. Here, we report an InO-MnCO catalyst consisting of InO covalently linked to MnCO for efficiently photothermal CO hydrogenation into methanol. Covalent linkage, the O atoms of InO occupy the oxygen vacancies of MnCO, enables the formation of In-O-Mn Lewis acid-base pairs at the InO-MnCO interface.

Crystallographic Snapshots of Pre- and Post-Lanthanide Halide HydrolysisReaction Products Captured by the 4‑Amino-1,2,4-triazole Ligand.

Reactions of lanthanide-(III) chloride salts with 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole (4-NH-1,2,4-Triaz) in azole melts have led to the isolation of both hydrolysis and nonhydrolysis products in the same synthesis, with the inclusion of a variety of ligands, anions, and water, allowing us to capture crystallographic snapshots of different forms and intermediate hydrolysis fragments. The structural studies reported here include anhydrous and hydrated nonhydrolyzed complexes, which were isolated alongside hydrolysis products, giving oxide/hydroxide lanthanide-(III) dimers, tetramers, and ultimately hexamers. The compounds isolated include [NdCl(μ-4-NH-1,2,4-Triaz)(4-NH-1,2,4-Triaz)], [CeCl(μ-Cl)(μ-4-NH-1,2,4-Triaz)], [Ce(μ-Cl)(μ-OH)(μ-4-NH-1,2,4-Triaz)], [LnCl(μ-Cl)(μ-OH)(μ-4-NH-1,2,4-Triaz)]·2HO (Ln = Ce, Nd), and [CeCl(μ-O)-(μ-Cl)(μ-Cl)(μ-OH)(μ-4-NH-1,2,4-Triaz)((OH))][CeCl]-[Cl]·HO.

Coupled Pd-Cu Dipole for Enhanced Aqueous Nitrate Valorization at Ultralow Potentials.

Nitrate pollution poses significant threats to water quality and the global nitrogen cycle. The electrochemical reduction reaction (NORR) emerges as a promising solution for removal and sustainable ammonia (NH) production. However, it suffers from an insufficient atomic hydrogen (*H) supply and poor nitrite adsorption at low potentials, which results in restrained -to-NH conversion and notorious accumulation.

Diagnostic Experiences and Barriers to Diagnosis Among Autistic Adults in the United States: Associations with Diagnostic Timing and Gender.

Understanding Autistic experiences with autism diagnostic processes in the United States is an important priority, including whether assessment experiences differ by diagnostic timing (whether individuals were diagnosed as a child or adult) and gender. Autistic adults (N = 129) who self-consented to participate in online research completed a survey assessing various domains of assessment experiences (e.g.

Factors Associated with All-Cause Mortality in a Western State Prison System, 1999-2020.

Introduction: Incarceration is linked to mortality, yet specific factors associated with death during imprisonment remain poorly understood, limiting efforts to identify vulnerable populations and develop effective prevention strategies in carceral settings.

Methods: Administrative records were analyzed from 91,979 adults who served any portion of their sentence in a Western US state prison system between 1999 and 2020. Complementary log-log regression was used to identify demographic, criminal history, institutional, and behavioral health-related factors associated with all-cause mortality in prison.

Sign- vs. goal-tracking is associated with greater adiposity and altered functional connectivity in response to a naturalistic food paradigm.

Our modern food environment is full of highly palatable, ultra-processed foods that influence our eating behaviors. The reinforcement learning framework posits that some individuals readily assign motivational value to environmental cues (e.g.

Ultrastructural Visualization of the Nuclear Envelope in HeLa Cells.

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool that has been used for the visualization of biological materials since the 1940s. This technique permits the detailed observation of cellular organelles and other intracellular structures as well as infectious agents, like viruses. Important insights about the structure and function of the cell nucleus have been gleaned using TEM.

Seasonal shifts in thermoregulatory behaviour of bumble bee queens.

Many organisms cope with highly variable environmental temperatures by differentiating body temperature from that of the environment through thermoregulation. Heterotherms can both endogenously maintain body temperature with metabolic heat and behaviourally thermoregulate by selecting suitable microclimates. Expending excess energy to maintain stable high body temperatures may be prioritized during certain times of the year, or for certain activities (e.

Communities of caring and coping: An exploration of resilience among LGBTQA2S + young adults in resource-deficit regions.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, asexual, and Two-Spirit (LGBTQA2S+) young adults (18-30 years) living in politically conservative regions (i.e., "red states") face stigmas and stressors that compound their mental health inequalities.

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Simultaneously Modulated the Use of Roadways by Golden Eagles During Winter.

Animals often face trade-offs wherein foraging opportunities may coincide spatiotemporally with higher risk of mortality, especially within landscapes altered by humans. Resolving such trade-offs can depend on intrinsic factors such as age and sex, and extrinsic factors (e.g.