Cyclopropane xenolipids resemble monounsaturated fatty acids and modulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors.

Cyclopropane fatty acids (CpFAs) are members of the mammalian lipidome, originating from the diet and gut microbial metabolism. Despite being fully saturated, conformational modeling of CpFAs from C12 to C24 in length revealed that they are bent lipids sharing structural similarities with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). We therefore hypothesized that CpFAs might share some bioactivities with MUFAs.

The Case for Specifications Grading.

Grades profoundly shape student approaches to learning, yet traditional points-based systems are often misaligned with educational goals. Specifications grading has emerged as a viable alternative that promotes mastery learning, transparency, and rigor. This grading approach replaces numerical points with clearly defined, pass/fail criteria tied to course outcomes.

Detection of Visible and Invisible Fecal Contamination on Chicken Carcasses Using Multispectral Fluorescence Imaging and Machine Learning to Mitigate Salmonella Risks.

Salmonella, mainly associated with raw poultry, remains a major food safety concern as the number of illnesses have not reduced over the past decade warranting a need for convergent, disruptive approaches. In poultry processing plants, the USDA-FSIS implements a "zero visible fecal tolerance" policy on eviscerated broiler carcasses entering the chiller as a step to reduce the pathogen from cross contamination. The efficacy of multispectral fluorescence imaging technology to detect visible and invisible fecal matter from different sections of the gastrointestinal tract was assessed on 404 carcasses to enhance automation in processing plants.

Complete genome sequence of soybean vein necrosis irus (SVNV) from Alabama.

The complete genome of soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) isolate SVNV17_Auburn_AL was obtained from soybean using RNA sequencing and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The tripartite genome comprises 16,563 nucleotides, representing the Alabama (AL) SVNV genome, and shows high similarity to Iowa, Illinois, and Tennessee isolates, enabling evolutionary analysis.

Comprehensive Fitness Assessment in a Professional Military Education Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Military personnel face rigorous physical and cognitive demands critical for operational readiness and long-term health. This study evaluated body composition, cognitive performance, and physical fitness metrics in non-entry-level service members to inform tailored fitness interventions. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from Air Command Staff College personnel (N = 307; 89 females, 218 males; age: 37 ± 5 years) at Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base.

Skin-deep resilience in Black youth: Striving and sleep reactivity to daily stress.

Objective: Referred to as "skin-deep resilience," previous studies have found that striving-characterized by high levels of self-control and perseverance-is linked with better psychological health, but worse physical health, particularly among youth of color who have low socioeconomic status. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the role of sleep reactivity (poorer sleep following daily stress) in skin-deep resilience by examining the associations among striving, sleep reactivity, psychological health, and a subclinical marker of cardiovascular disease.

Investigating the Impact of Elevated CO on Biomass Accumulation and Mineral Concentration in Foliar and Edible Tissues in Soybeans.

Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels are expected to enhance biomass and yield in C crops. However, these benefits are accompanied by significant reductions in the concentrations of essential nutrients in both foliar and edible tissues, posing potential global nutritional challenges. In this study, we grew three soybean cultivars (Clark, Flyer, and Loda) in ambient ( ~ 438 ppm) and elevated CO₂ ( ~ 650 ppm) conditions using open top chambers and measured changes in leaf-level physiological responses, biomass accumulation, and nutrient concentrations across developmental stages.

Diet-related undermining in older couples managing type 2 diabetes: Gender differences, reciprocity, and links to diet quality.

Diet quality plays an important role in managing diabetes, and spouses often influence each other's dietary behaviors. Although much research has focused on health-promoting types of spousal involvement, less is known about health-detracting forms of involvement, such as diet-related undermining. In this cross-sectional study of 148 middle-aged and older adult couples (296 individuals; = 65.

Ultrastrong adhesion to human skin: Calcium as a key regulator of noncovalent interactions.

Calcium is a critical regulator of skin adhesion, stabilizing one of the strongest noncovalent biomolecular interactions ever recorded. Using in vitro and in silico single-molecule force spectroscopy, we demonstrate that calcium ions (Ca) are essential for the ultrastrong binding between the serine-aspartate repeat protein D (SdrD) adhesin and the human skin protein desmoglein-1 (DSG-1), withstanding forces exceeding 2 nanonewtons. Ca ions stabilize both the SdrD complex and the mechanically robust SdrD B-domains, which exhibit unprecedented folding strength.

Inter-evaluator bias and applicability of feline body condition score from visual assessment.

Body Condition Score (BCS) is an effective tool for assessing body weight and fat mass, as well as diagnosing obesity and abnormal weight loss. A method for visual assessment of BCS in cats would be useful to expand access for feline health and research. The goal of this study is to determine whether BCS can be accurately assessed solely from photographs of cats, and to measure inter-evaluator bias in visually assessed BCS.

Single-Short Partial Reprogramming of the Endothelial Cells Decreases Blood Pressure via Attenuation of EndMT in Hypertensive Mice.

Background: Small artery remodeling and endothelial dysfunction are hallmarks of hypertension. Evidence supports a likely causal association between cardiovascular diseases and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a cellular transdifferentiation process in which endothelial cells (ECs) partially lose their identity and acquire mesenchymal phenotypes. EC reprogramming represents an innovative strategy in regenerative medicine to prevent deleterious effects induced by cardiovascular diseases.

Autonomic Psychophysiology of Preadolescent Anxiety: Within- and Cross-System Interactions Between Measures of Autonomic Nervous System Reactivity to Social Stress.

The present study sought to build on prior research by examining within-system (sympathetic nervous system [SNS] × SNS) and cross-system (SNS × parasympathetic nervous system [PNS]) interactions between measures of autonomic reactivity to social stress as predictors of anxiety. The physiological responses (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA], skin conductance level [SCL], and pre-ejection period [PEP]) of 123 preadolescents (Mage = 12.03 years) were measured continuously during a lab protocol designed to simulate common peer evaluation experiences.

Don't Call Them "Unclean" Or "Unkempt": Analyzing the Harmful Direct and Indirect Effects of Opioid Stigma Marks on Stigmatizing Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions.

This study examined the effects of opioid stigma marks (e.g. "dirty," "unclean") on stigma-related outcomes among a sample of Amazon Mechanical Turk workers ( = 371).

Sex Differences in the Association Between Difficulties with Worry Regulation and Anxiety Symptoms in Black Children.

Black children are at significant risk for anxiety through heightened exposure to poverty, trauma, and racial discrimination, and females are at higher risk for childhood onset than males. One potentially relevant factor is difficulties with worry regulation. This study seeks to understand how difficulties with worry regulation and sex differences may affect risk for anxiety in Black children.

Growth Performance, Blood Chemistry, and Intestinal Bacterial Community of Florida Pompano () Fed Different Levels of Corn Fermented Protein and Yeast Diets.

Developing species-specific diets for Florida pompano () requires understanding both nutritional needs and ingredient responses in practical formulations. Previous research has successfully reduced animal protein inclusion to ~15% by using solvent-extracted soybean meal (SBM) as the primary protein source. Further cost savings may be achieved by incorporating other low-cost alternatives, such as corn fermented protein (CFP), a new sustainable ingredient produced using Fluid Quip Technologies.

Cellular and Molecular Architecture of Renin-Angiotensin System Signaling in the PVN Under Cardiometabolic Stress.

The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) integrates neuroendocrine and autonomic signals that regulate blood pressure and metabolism. Although the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is implicated in neurogenic hypertension and obesity, cell-type-specific expression and regulation of its components within the PVN remain poorly understood. Here, we employed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to profile the transcriptomic landscape of the PVN in male mice under baseline conditions and in models of DOCA-salt-induced hypertension and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity.

Dialectical behavior therapy skills training for African American pregnant women with ACEs: a pilot study of feasibility, acceptability, and mental health barriers and attitudes.

Toxic stress contributes to socioeconomic and racial health disparities that persist across generations. Developing and implementing prenatal interventions that reduce toxic stress and associated comorbidities is warranted. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) Skills Training group interventions have demonstrated efficacy for depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and are scalable in diverse settings.

Fistulous withers causing spinal epidural abscess in a Thoroughbred mare.

This case describes a 15-year-old Thoroughbred mare with fistulous withers that progressed to vertebral osteomyelitis and spinal epidural abscess (SEA), a severe complication that has yet to be reported. Initially treated with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medication, the mare developed acute hindlimb ataxia and spastic paresis, suggesting spinal cord compression at T3-L3. Diagnostic imaging revealed vertebral fractures and abscessation, but vertebral canal involvement could not be confirmed.

Inequities in Operative Age for Infants With Craniosynostosis.

Background And Objectives: Pediatricians conduct routine head shape evaluations with standard preventive care, and inequities in timely detection and referral of craniosynostosis (CS) patients to craniofacial clinicians may exist. Delays in CS treatment could prolong increased intracranial pressure and increase the risk of visual impairment and developmental delay. We assessed variation in timing of CS procedures by Child Opportunity Index (COI) for location of patients' home residence.

Multifunctional Superparamagnetic Copper Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Synergistic Cancer Therapy via Magnetic Hyperthermia, Oxidative Stress and Immune Reprogramming.

Aggressive cancers, characterized by high metastatic potential and resistance to conventional therapies, present a significant challenge in oncology. Current treatments often fail to effectively target metastasis, recurrence, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, while causing significant off-target toxicity. Here, we present superparamagnetic copper iron oxide nanoparticles (SCIONs) as a multifunctional platform that integrates magnetic hyperthermia therapy, immune modulation, and targeted chemotherapeutic delivery, aiming to provide a more comprehensive cancer treatment.

Age differences in spatial navigation stem from a preference for familiar routes rather than impaired landmark-dependent strategies.

A leading hypothesis in the field of aging and navigation is that older adults are selectively impaired on tasks that require allocentric (landmark-based) strategies to navigate, resulting in a shift toward more egocentric (self-based) strategies. However, most evidence in humans comes from studies that restrict body-based sensorimotor cues that are essential to both egocentric and allocentric navigation. In the present study, young and older adults navigated a virtual environment in each of two conditions: a stationary desktop condition that relied on visual input and an immersive condition that enabled unrestricted ambulation and sensorimotor feedback during navigation.

Is there a volume saturation point for muscle hypertrophy in resistance-trained individuals? A narrative review.

Resistance training (RT) volume is recognized as a key variable driving skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Meta-analyses have supported a positive dose-response relationship, with greater volumes resulting in more pronounced hypertrophic adaptations. However, more recent studies conducted in trained individuals have reported conflicting findings, raising the question of whether a saturation point, defined here as a theoretical threshold beyond which additional training volume no longer yields benefits, might exist, or whether the inconsistencies are better explained by methodological limitations and individual variability.

Agreeing Language in Veterinary Endocrinology (ALIVE): Cushing's Syndrome and Hypoadrenocorticism-A Modified Delphi-Method-Based System to Create Consensus Definitions.

Progress in clinical practice, research, and teaching needs a common language. Agreement among veterinary endocrinologists on definitions of concepts related to Cushing's syndrome (CS) and hypoadrenocorticism is lacking. After a successful inaugural cycle on diabetes mellitus terminology, project Agreeing Language in Veterinary Endocrinology (ALIVE) held a second cycle, with simplified methodology, and brought together 10 experts of the European Society of Veterinary Endocrinology (ESVE) and the Society of Comparative Endocrinology (SCE).

A Retrospective Within-Subjects Analysis of Vancomycin Bayesian Modeling With Pre-steady-State vs Steady-State Concentrations.

Bayesian modeling of vancomycin can estimate 24-hour area under the curve (AUC) using pre-steady-state concentrations. Limited literature exists comparing Bayesian AUC calculations derived from steady-state versus pre-steady-state concentrations. To assess the agreement between vancomycin AUC calculations using pre-steady-state versus steady-state concentrations, employing Bayesian modeling.

Investigating the Trivariate Reciprocal Longitudinal Relationships Between Purpose, Loneliness, and Cognitive Function.

Objectives: As medical interventions for cognitive decline and dementia continue to evolve, the identification of modifiable psychosocial factors has become increasingly important. Sense of purpose and loneliness represent potential targets for intervention. In this study, we aimed to understand the potentially reciprocal relationship between sense of purpose, loneliness, and cognitive function.