High-Pressure X‑ray Diffraction Study of Scheelite-Type Perrhenates.

The effects of pressure on the crystal structure of scheelite-type perrhenates were studied using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and density-functional theory. At ambient conditions, the studied materials AgReO, KReO, and RbReO, exhibit a tetragonal scheelite-type crystal structure described by space group 4/. Under compression, a transition from scheelite-to-M'-fergusonite (space group 2/) was observed at 1.

Targeting Intestinal Permeability for Graft-versus-Host Disease Treatment: A Therapeutic Perspective with Defibrotide.

Purpose: Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a significant cause of death in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this type of graft, the intestine is particularly affected, with the loss of intestinal barrier integrity playing a key role in its onset. In this scenario, the aim of the present research was to evaluate defibrotide, a heparin-like compound, marked for severe veno-occlusive disease, as an innovative therapeutic approach for restoring intestinal barrier integrity using an in vitro model and analyzing aGVHD patients' sera and clinical data.

Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Young Spine Questionnaire for the Italian Children.

Purpose: Low back and neck pain are increasing worldwide, even in children. However, Italy lacks validated tools for the assessment of children and adolescents with spine disorders. The Young Spine Questionnaire (YSQ) seems to be an appropriate option.

Promoting patients' empowerment in rheumatic diseases: the perspective of the International Society of Behçet's Disease Working Group on Patient Empowerment, Adherence to Therapy and Patients' Education.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a rare multisystemic vasculitis that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Effective management of BD requires a patient-centred approach that empowers individuals to actively participate in their care. This work explores the importance of patient empowerment, adherence to treatment, and patient education in BD.

The role of personal risk factors in the occurrence of the hand-arm vibration syndrome: a pooled analysis of individual data from Italian cross-sectional and cohort studies.

Purpose: To investigate the role of personal risk factors in the occurrence of the vascular, neurological and fibroproliferative disorders of the hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) in workers groups exposed to hand-transmitted vibration (HTV).

Methods: HAVS prevalence and incidence data were pooled across a series of cross-sectional studies (total sample: 1272 HTV workers, 579 controls) and prospective cohort studies (total sample: 377 HTV workers, 138 controls) conducted in Central and North-Eastern Italy. The pooled studies included detailed individual-level information about HTV exposure, personal risk factors, medical comorbidities and HAVS disorders.

Whole genome duplication drives transcriptome reprogramming in response to drought in alfalfa.

Genome doubling did not enhance drought tolerance in alfalfa, but may set the stage for long-term adaptation to drought through a novel transcriptional landscape. Whole genome duplication (WGD) has been shown to enhance stress tolerance in plants. Cultivated alfalfa is autotetraploid, but diploid wild relatives are important sources of genetic variation for breeding.

Adipose Tissue in and Around the Heart: Structural and Functional Insights From Cardiac Magnetic Resonance.

Cardiac adipose tissue is normally present in the epicardium, but a variable amount can also be present in the myocardium, particularly in the subepicardial regions of the right ventricular anterolateral and apical regions. Pathological adipose tissue changes may occur in both ischemic (previous myocardial infarction) and nonischemic (previous myocarditis, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum, cardiac lipomas and liposarcomas) conditions, with or without extensive replacement-type myocardial fibrosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance is the gold standard imaging technique to characterize myocardial tissue changes and to distinguish between physiological and pathological cardiac fat deposits.

UBA5-epileptic encephalopathy: new patient, a novel variant, and a review of epileptic phenotypes.

Protein ufymilation is a post-translational modification implicated in the regulation of several cellular processes. Biallelic variants in UBA5 causing a functional alteration of its protein product have been associated with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy 44 (EIEE44), a rare disease for which 28 patients have been described in the literature at present. We here report on the clinical and detailed EEG phenotype of a novel patient affected by EIEE44.

Reproducibility of fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo across diverse community codes: The case of water-methane dimer.

Fixed-node diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (FN-DMC) is a widely trusted many-body method for solving the Schrödinger equation, known for its reliable predictions of material and molecular properties. Furthermore, its excellent scalability with system complexity and near-perfect utilization of computational power make FN-DMC ideally positioned to leverage new advances in computing to address increasingly complex scientific problems. Even though the method is widely used as a computational gold standard, reproducibility across the numerous FN-DMC code implementations has yet to be demonstrated.

Experiences of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in the World Health Organization European region: A mixed-method study among 22 countries.

Objective: Despite advancements in maternity quality care worldwide, mistreatment of women during childbirth persists. Currently, there is a gap of knowledge on the occurrence of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in the World Health Organization (WHO) European region.

Methods: Within the IMAgiNE EURO (Improving Maternal Newborn Care in the WHO European Region During COVID-19 Pandemic) study, women 18 years and older who gave birth in healthcare facilities in the WHO European region, were invited to complete an online validated questionnaire regarding quality of maternity care.

Dynamic control of electron correlations in photodoped charge-transfer insulators.

The electronic properties of correlated insulators are governed by the strength of Coulomb interactions, enabling the control of electronic conductivity with external stimuli. This work highlights that the strength of electronic correlations in nickel oxide (NiO), a prototypical charge-transfer insulator, can be coherently reduced by tuning the intensity of an optical pulse excitation. This weakening of correlations persists for hundreds of picoseconds and exhibits a recovery time independent of photodoping density across two orders of magnitude.

Forms of interventions for problematic usage of the internet: A scoping review.

Background And Aims: This scoping review aims to identify current forms of interventions for Problematic Usage of the Internet (PUI) to inform more effective intervention and policy-making initiatives grounded in robust empirical evidence.

Methods: The search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases until October 12, 2024. Empirical research presenting data on interventions for PUI and written in English was included without restrictions of age groups, types of interventions, or types of PUI.

The impact of clinically insignificant residual fragments following endourological management of urolithiasis: a systematic review of complications and re-intervention rates.

Introduction: Achieving stone-free status (SFS) is a key goal of endourological treatment, yet definitions of SFS and clinically insignificant residual fragments (CIRF) remain controversial. While CIRF is frequently defined as residual fragments ≤4 mm, there is no consensus on its clinical significance regarding complications and re-intervention needs. We evaluate the risk of complications and the need for re-intervention associated with the presence of CIRF following endourological treatment for urolithiasis.

Unraveling Novel Genetic Determinants of Thiopurine Response Via TWAS.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. Thiopurines such as 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) are essential in ALL maintenance therapy. However, dose-limiting toxicities can significantly disrupt treatment.

Sublethal effects of road dust particles in the yellow mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor.

High-traffic areas generate road dusts (RD) including tyre road wear particles (TRWPs), a significant source of microplastics in the environment. These particles, which persist in sediments, soil, and vegetation, can adsorb pollutants such as heavy metals and hydrocarbons, facilitating their widespread dispersal. Despite concerns about their potential ecotoxicity, their effects on soil organisms remain underexplored.

Photochemical H dissociation for nearly quantitative CO reduction to ethylene.

Producing olefins by carbon dioxide (CO) hydrogenation is a long-standing goal. The usual products are multicarbon mixtures because the critical step of heterolytic hydrogen (H) dissociation at high temperatures complicates selectivity control. In this study, we report that irradiating gold-titanium dioxide at 365 nanometers induces heterolytic H dissociation at ambient temperature.

Preoperative 3D Imaging Reconstruction Models for Predicting Infiltration of Major Vascular Structures in Patients During Pancreatic Surgery.

IntroductionVascular infiltration is the main limitation of resectability in locally advanced pancreatic cancer; thus, an accurate preoperative study is mandatory to plan an appropriate surgical strategy. In recent years, medical image fusion and three-dimensional reconstruction models have gained acceptance in general surgery, especially in the hepatic field. In pancreatic pathology, 3D reconstruction also may improves preoperative staging.

Effective Dynamics of Local Observables for Extended Fermi Gases in the High-Density Regime.

We give a rigorous derivation of the Hartree equation for the many-body dynamics of pseudo-relativistic Fermi systems at high density , on arbitrarily large domains, at zero temperature. With respect to previous works, we show that the many-body evolution can be approximated by the Hartree dynamics locally, proving convergence of the expectation of observables that are supported in regions with fixed volume, independent of . The result applies to initial data describing fermionic systems at equilibrium confined in arbitrarily large domains, under the assumption that a suitable local Weyl-type estimate holds true.

Reply to: Comment on: Risk of malignant transformation and infections in congenital lung malformations in adults: a systematic review.

https://bit.ly/40QmKIf

Replacing Doping in Nano-Silicon: Ultimate Miniaturization, Energy Efficiency, and Cryo-Functionality.

Hard entropy limits of impurity doping prevent further miniaturization of low nanoscale silicon-based very large scale integration (VLSI) devices, thereby obstructing the path toward more energy-efficient VLSI designs with higher yield in compute power. As demonstrated here by synchrotron UV photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy in total fluorescence yield mode (XAS-TFY), intrinsic Si at the bottom of the nanoscale (i-nano-Si) turns into strong p- or n-Si by embedding in silicon nitride (SiN) or silicon dioxide (SiO), respectively. The associated Nanoscale Electronic Structure Shift Induced by Anions at Surfaces (NESSIAS) creates a p/n junction in i-nano-Si by the quantum-chemical impact of SiN- vs SiO-coating, providing energy landscapes to accumulate electrons (holes) when SiO- (SiN-) coated, with free charge carriers provided by metallic interconnects.

Enhanced recovery and survival after elective surgery for colorectal cancer - propensity score weighting analysis of 2,865 prospective patients.

Background: The impact of enhanced recovery pathway (ERP) on survival after colorectal cancer surgery (CCS) remains controversial.

Materials And Methods: A total of 2865 adults enrolled in a multicenter cohort study (iCral3 study) after CCS were followed up. The percentage adherence to the ERP was recorded, and the patients were grouped according to their quartiles.

Clinical care of family members of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Genetic family screening following the detection of a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in a proband with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains one of the main applications of genetic testing. While cardiac screening is recommended for all first-degree relatives, the a priori risk among family members varies. Consequently, screening regimens should be tailored according to both genetic and clinical information at the individual and familial level.