An electrochemical immunosensor based on HFABP for the early detection of drug-induced cardiac toxicity from traditional Chinese medicines.

An electrochemical immunosensor was successfully developed for evaluating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-induced cardiac toxicity by immobilizing heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (HFABP)-specific antibodies on an electrode surface modified with chitosan (CS)-functionalized metal-organic framework ZIF-8 and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Leveraging the excellent biocompatibility of AuNPs, the excellent stability and high surface area of ZIF-8, along with the strong specific recognition capability of HFABP antibodies, the sensor demonstrated superior performance. Under optimized experimental conditions, it achieved an ultra-low detection limit of 7.

Functional stomach loss preceding body inflation evolution in Tetraodontiformes: Evidence of gene loss and rapid evolution.

Tetraodontiformes species exhibit several evolutionary innovations, notably the convergent evolution of two traits in some clades: defensive body inflation and the loss of acid-peptic digestion. It has been widely believed that the evolution of body inflation drove the loss of gastric digestion, as ingesting seawater during inflation would hinder acidification and ultimately lead to the loss of gastric digestion. Leveraging accumulating genome resources, we investigated the presence, synteny, gene expression, and rapid evolution of nine genes associated with acid-peptic digestion across seven species from four Tetraodontiformes families, representing two branches that underwent convergent evolution.

Recent Advancements in Lipid Nanoparticles-Based Phytoactives Delivery Systems for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, pose a significant and continuous burden on the healthcare system, urging the search for innovative therapeutical approaches targeting the central nervous system. Nowadays, no definitive treatment can effectively modulate the neuronal degeneration associated with such diseases. The current line of therapies is primarily symptomatic and suffers several drawbacks.

Optimization of the scale-up production process for high-yield laccase from white-rot fungi.

Introduction: Laccase exhibits significant applications in food additives, wastewater treatment, and biomass processing. Fungal laccase exhibits high activity, good stability, and excellent performance. However, scale-up production of high-yield laccase from fungi is challenging.

Visualizing Cell Structures with Minecraft.

Many microscopic images and simulations of cells give results in different kinds of formats, making it difficult for people lacking computational skills to visualize and interact with them. Minecraft-known for its three-dimensional, open-world, voxel-based environment-offers a unique solution by allowing the direct insertion of voxel-based cellular structures from light microscopy and simulations into its worlds without modification. This integration enables Minecraft players to explore the ultrastructure of cells in a highly immersive and interactive environment.

Poly(butylene adipate--terephthalate)/Graphene Oxide/Carbon Black Nanocomposite Films for Agricultural Applications: From Mechanical Performance to Ecotoxicological Effects.

Poly-(butylene adipate--terephthalate) (PBAT) nanocomposite films containing graphene oxide (GO) and carbon black (CB) were prepared through plane extrusion to assess their potential for agricultural applications. The films with 0.25% and 0.

Stability Evaluation Method and Application of Puff-by-Puff Release of Aerosol Constituents in Heated Tobacco Materials and Products.

Puff-by-puff release stability is critical for heated tobacco product (HTP) quality and user experience, yet existing methods lack dynamic puff-by-puff evaluation. Here, we develop a novel stability index (SI) using the "modulus of the sum vector of two evaluation dimensions" algorithm to quantify puff-by-puff release consistency and interpuff variability. In addition, the algorithm has been validated through practical product applications.

Structural insights into the substrate uptake and inhibition of the human creatine transporter (hCRT).

Creatine plays a vital role in cellular energy production and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) homeostasis and has also been identified as a neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain. Creatine is transported into cells by the human creatine transporter (hCRT) (SLC6A8), an Na/Cl-dependent symporter encoded on the X chromosome. Mutations in hCRT cause cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome 1, a neurological disorder marked by intellectual disability, speech delay, and seizures.

Future of snakebite risk in India: Consequence of climate change and the shifting habitats of the big four species in next five decades.

Background: Climate change is anticipated to significantly impact the biogeographic distribution of snakes, leading to notable shifts in their habitats toward anthropogenic landscapes. This may potentially increase the incidence of Big Four species (Bungarus caeruleus, Daboia russelii, Echis carinatus, and Naja naja) envenomation, a notable human-health risk that has not yet been assessed in India being the most affected country in South Asia. Therefore, this study integrates species distributions with socioeconomic and healthcare data to prioritize areas for targeted interventions to mitigate the envenomation risks effectively in India.

Synthetic data generation with Worley-Perlin diffusion for robust subarachnoid hemorrhage detection in imbalanced CT Datasets.

Purpose: In this paper, we propose a novel generative model to produce high-quality SAH samples, enhancing SAH CT detection performance in imbalanced datasets. Previous methods, such as cost-sensitive learning and previous diffusion models, suffer from overfitting or noise-induced distortion, limiting their effectiveness. Accurate SAH sample generation is crucial for better detection.

Discovery of 2-(Pyrazol-4-yl)-quinazolin-4(3)-one Derivatives as Subnanomolar BRD4 BD2 Inhibitors with High Selectivity via a Bioisosterism Approach.

BRD4, a bromodomain-containing protein, has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target for various diseases. Selective inhibition of the bromodomain is gaining traction as a promising strategy for targeted drug discovery. Based on bioisosterism-guided optimization of RVX-OH (), a pan-BET inhibitor, we designed and synthesized a series of novel quinazolin-4(3)-one derivatives as potent BRD4 inhibitors.

Comparative mitogenomic analysis of three species (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae).

The genus has attracted significant attention due to its economically devastating and quarantined species - notably the pine wood nematode and Despite their ecological and agricultural importance, genomic data for this genus remain scarce. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the complete mitochondrial genomes of three species (, , and ) using high-throughput sequencing. The circular mitogenomes exhibited size variation, with (17,670 bp), (15,021 bp), and (18,386 bp) each containing the typical nematode mitochondrial gene complement: 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes.

Functional phenotyping of genomic variants using joint multiomic single-cell DNA-RNA sequencing.

Genetic variants (both coding and noncoding) can impact gene function and expression, driving disease mechanisms such as cancer progression. The systematic study of endogenous genetic variants is hindered by inefficient precision editing tools, combined with technical limitations in confidently linking genotypes to gene expression at single-cell resolution. We developed single-cell DNA-RNA sequencing (SDR-seq) to simultaneously profile up to 480 genomic DNA loci and genes in thousands of single cells, enabling accurate determination of coding and noncoding variant zygosity alongside associated gene expression changes.

Scheduling allocation in 5G slicing networks utilizing weighted exponential and logarithmic functions to improve QoS.

Offering media-rich services, such as streaming videos, for emergency services requires compliance with reliability standards. The deployment of fifth-generation (5G) networks enables a wide range of services and applications with diverse Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. Supporting heterogeneous performance and migrating vital services to 5G networks pose significant challenges for emergency service providers in maintaining QoS.

Repressing epigenetic regulation enhances exogenous gene expression in the macroalga Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta).

Pyropia yezoensis, an economically valuable macroalga, occupies a pivotal position in evolutionary history as a red alga, making it an ideal model organism for investigating the evolution of photosynthesis. However, efficient genetic manipulation in P. yezoensis, particularly the stable expression of exogenous genes, presents substantial challenges.

Chlorogenic acid mitigates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis via modulation of HER2/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective: Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a common complication of prolonged glucocorticoid therapy. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenol with antioxidant properties that is extracted from traditional Chinese medicines such as Eucommiae Cortex, has potential anti-osteoporotic activity. This study aimed to investigate the possible effects of CGA on GIOP in mice and murine long bone osteocyte Y4 (MLO-Y4) cells and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Strigolactone and Hydrogen Sulfide Regulate Carbohydrate Metabolism and Ion Homeostasis Through H-ATPase Activity and K Retention Under Salt Stress.

This study investigates the roles of strigolactones (SL) and endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) in regulating physiological processes in tomato seedlings under NaCl-induced stress. Exposure of the seedlings to 100 mM NaCl stress reduced K content by 21% while increasing Na accumulation by 69%, disrupting the K/Na ratio and impairing H-ATPase activity. However, the application of SL improved H-ATPase activity and K uptake and reduced Na accumulation.

Dual-channel fluorescent sensor for independent detection of hypochlorous acid and pH in live cells and actual sample.

The simultaneous monitoring of hypochlorous acid (HClO) and pH dynamics is crucial for deciphering their synergistic roles in oxidative stress-related pathologies and environmental processes, yet remains technically challenging due to spectral interference and divergent response mechanisms in existing probes. Herein, we present RN-HP, a rationally engineered fluorescent probe capable of detecting HClO and pH through dual independent emission channels. RN-HP exhibited significantly enhanced fluorescence at 577 nm in the presence of HOCl, demonstrating good selectivity and high sensitivity (linear range: 0.

Cobalt phthalocyanine encapsulation boosts oxidase-like activity of single-atom CoNC nanozyme for fluorescence sensing of tetracycline.

Tetracycline residues in food pose risks to human health and contribute to antibiotic resistance, thereby requiring sensitive detection methods. This study developed a fluorescence sensor using a single-atom CoNC nanozyme, which was synthesized via pyrolysis of a cobalt phthalocyanine-encapsulated zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 precursor (CoPc@ZIF-8). This strategy directly converted the pre-organized CoN macrocyclic structure of CoPc into atomically dispersed CoNC sites, exhibiting exceptional oxidase-like activity with 20-fold higher specific activity than its cobalt nitrate-derived counterpart.

Giant coercivity and enhanced intrinsic anomalous Hall effect at vanishing magnetization in a compensated kagome ferrimagnet.

Ferrimagnets that can be driven to magnetic compensation show promise for use in spintronics as they exhibit a finite anomalous Hall effect at zero magnetic field without having a substantial magnetic moment. Compensated ferrimagnet spintronic devices with both a large anomalous Hall effect and a high coercivity would be simultaneously easy to read and difficult to erase. The kagome ferrimagnet TbMnSn has been reported to host a large intrinsic anomalous Hall effect.

Benefits of Maternal Choline Supplementation on Aged Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons (BFCNs) in a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease.

Down syndrome (DS), stemming from the triplication of human chromosome 21, results in intellectual disability, with early mid-life onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Early interventions to reduce cognitive impairments and neuropathology are lacking. One modality, maternal choline supplementation (MCS), has shown beneficial effects on behavior and gene expression in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, including trisomic mice.

Unveiling the Local Effects of PTL Passivation in PEM Electrolyzers through Gas and Current Mapping Using Operando Neutron Radiography and Polarized Neutron Imaging.

Anodic Ti-based porous transport layers (PTLs) are paramount for advancing high-efficiency proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). One of the major challenges with the development of PEMWE is the PTL/catalyst layer interface passivation, which is commonly alleviated by coating precious metals such as Pt. Herein, we report, for the first time, the usage of polarized neutron imaging (PNI) on a half-half PTL approach to investigate current distribution inside the PTL layer under the influence of Ti passivation under PEMWE operando condition.

Taxonomy, geographic distribution and molecular phylogeny of two freshwater Frontonia (Ciliophora, Peniculida), including a new cryptic species Frontonia paraleucas sp. nov.

The ciliate genus Frontonia, one of the most species-rich groups of the order Peniculida, is widely distributed across a variety of habitats. However, the definition and identification of isolates are challenging, as there are few reliable characters, and these may overlap among congeners. In the present study, we describe two easily confused species, including a new form F.

Tumor organoids targeted by receptor-engineered immune cells: A promising approach for advancing cancer immunotherapy.

Patient-derived tumor organoids, often referred to as tumor organoids, serve as in vitro tumor models for tumor-related research, such as living biobanks, identification of biomarkers, drug screening and personalized precision medicine. Despite great success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cell therapy of B cell malignancies, the efficacy of receptor-engineered immune cell therapy of solid tumors remains suboptimal due to the molecular heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Moreover, direct and extensive clinical studies are limited because of the toxicity of drugs or adoptively transferred immune cells.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy enhances offspring hippocampal neurogenesis and working memory via IFN-γ-responsive microglia.

In the face of severe outcomes from COVID-19, vaccines have proven immunogenic and safe and are strongly recommended during pregnancy. This study examines the effects of maternal COVID-19 vaccination on physical development, behavior, and neurogenesis in mouse offspring. After inoculation with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero Cell) at gestational day 14.