Chlorogenic acid mitigates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis via modulation of HER2/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective: Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a common complication of prolonged glucocorticoid therapy. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenol with antioxidant properties that is extracted from traditional Chinese medicines such as Eucommiae Cortex, has potential anti-osteoporotic activity. This study aimed to investigate the possible effects of CGA on GIOP in mice and murine long bone osteocyte Y4 (MLO-Y4) cells and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Accelerating cartilage regeneration with DNA-SF hydrogel sustained release system-based cartilage organoids.

Background: Cartilage repair remains a considerable challenge in regenerative medicine. Despite extensive research on biomaterials for cartilage repair in recent years, issues such as prolonged repair cycles and suboptimal outcomes persist. Organoids, miniature three-dimensional (3D) tissue structures derived from the directed differentiation of stem or progenitor cells, mimic the structure and function of natural organs.

Colorectal Polyp Size Measurement Faces Infinite Possibilities: Artificial Intelligence Is the Key.

Background: Colorectal neoplasia poses a severe health threat worldwide. The accurate measurement of polyp size is essential for risk stratification, selecting polypectomy techniques, and determining the surveillance interval.

Summary: The methods routinely used for measuring polyp size, including objective ex vivo measurement, subjective visual estimation by an endoscopist, and objective precise measurement using endoscopic instruments, all have limitations.

Evaluation of silicosis combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on the quantitative CT measured parameters.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and silicosis both have significant impacts on cardiopulmonary health. However, there is a lack of research investigating whether the presence of T2DM causes additional damage to the heart and lungs of patients with silicosis. This study aims to assess the alterations in pulmonary and cardiac structures, as well as lung function, in patients with silicosis who also have T2DM, and to explore the factors influencing lung function.

Advancing the understanding and management of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: Insights from recent case studies.

We specifically discuss the mechanisms of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), a rare but aggressive haematologic malignancy characterized by frequent skin manifestations and systemic dissemination. The article enriches our understanding of BPDCN through detailed case reports showing the clinical, immunophenotypic, and histopathological features that are critical for diagnosing this disease. These cases highlight the essential role of pathologists in employing advanced immunophenotyping techniques to accurately identify the disease early in its course and guide treatment decisions.

Cooperative Cu/azodiformate system-catalyzed allylic C-H amination of unactivated internal alkenes directed by aminoquinoline.

Aliphatic allylic amines are common in natural products and pharmaceuticals. The oxidative intermolecular amination of C(sp)-H bonds represents one of the most straightforward strategies to construct these motifs. However, the utilization of widely internal alkenes with amines in this transformation remains a synthetic challenge due to the inefficient coordination of metals to internal alkenes and excessive coordination with aliphatic and aromatic amines, resulting in decreasing the reactivity of the catalyst.

Efficacy of cecal retroflexion observed on adenoma missing of ascending colon during colonoscopy: A prospective, randomized, pilot trial.

Background: Although colonoscopic retroflexion has been proved effective in reducing missed adenomas, there is still a lack of comprehensive and in-depth research focused on the ascending colon. We aimed to conduct a randomized controlled trial and tandem colonoscopy to investigate whether cecal retroflexion observed during colonoscopy can reduce missed adenomas in the ascending colon.

Methods: Men and women required to be between 45 and 80 years of age were screened for enrollment in the trial.

Effects of elevated atmospheric ammonia concentration on photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield in wheat under different nitrogen rates.

To evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) application rates on the growth, photosynthetic traits and yield of winter wheat under elevated atmospheric ammonia (NH) concentrations could provide guidance for N management under high NH environment. We conducted a split-plot experiment for two consecutive years (2020-2021 and 2021-2022) with top-open chambers. The treatments included two NH concentrations [elevated ambient NH concentration at 0.

Modeling Syphilis and HIV Coinfection: A Case Study in the USA.

Syphilis and HIV infections form a dangerous combination. In this paper, we propose an epidemic model of HIV-syphilis coinfection. The model always has a unique disease-free equilibrium, which is stable when both reproduction numbers of syphilis and HIV are less than 1.

Guanxin Danshen Dripping Pills Improve Quality of Life and Cardiovascular Prognoses of CHD Patients after PCI with Anxiety or Depression (GLAD Study): A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Guanxin Danshen Dripping Pills (GXDS) in the treatment of depression or anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: From September 2017 to June 2019, 200 CHD patients after PCI with depression and anxiety were included and randomly divided into GXDS (100 cases) and placebo control groups (100 cases) by block randomization and a random number table. Patients in the GXDS and control groups were given GXDS and placebo, respectively, 0.

Changes in patient peripheral blood cell microRNAs after total body irradiation during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background: Ionizing radiation exposure is a great threat to human health. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play an important role in radiation-induced biological effects. Here, we investigated plasma miRNA expression changes and differentially expressed miRNAs in radiotherapy patients exposed to cobalt-60 (Co) gamma rays to provide an experimental basis for human plasma miRNAs as an estimation indicator for ionizing radiation injury.

Efficacy of the herbal pair, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae and Eucommiae Cortex, in preventing glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in the zebrafish model.

Objective: In traditional Chinese medicine, the herbal pair, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae (RAB) and Eucommiae Cortex (EC), is widely used to treat osteoporosis. Herein, we determined whether this herbal pair can be used to ameliorate glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) and find its optimal dosage in zebrafish.

Methods: The characteristics of the aqueous extract of RAB and EC were separately characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography.

Laminaria japonica hydrolysate promotes fucoxanthin accumulation in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

Fucoxanthin (Fx) has gained a growing attention due to the remarkable biological activities. The limited biomass of was the restrictive factor for Fx production in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. In this study, Laminaria japonica hydrolysate (LPH) with a low addition proportion of 1.

Application Progress and Prospect of Herbal and Western Medicine Combined with Antiplatelet Therapy for Cardiovascular Events.

Antiplatelet therapy is the key point in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Effective and safe antiplatelet therapy can avoid the risk of thrombosis or bleeding again. Herbal and Western medicine combined with antiplatelet therapy for ischemic cardiovascular events is a common phenomenon in clinical application, and more and more animal experiments, in vitro cell experiments, and randomized controlled clinical studies have also clarified the efficacy and interaction mechanism of the combination and safety.

Optimization design of curved outrigger structure based on buckling analysis and multi-island genetic algorithm.

In the present work, the working state of the crane leg is analyzed and discussed, and its structure is optimized. SolidWorks software is used for modeling; ANSYS software is used for finite element analysis. First of all, the constrained finite element method (CFEM) is used to analyze the linear eigenvalue buckling and geometric nonlinear buckling of outriggers with different cross-section shapes.

The Clinical Efficacy of High-Voltage Long-Duration Pulsed Radiofrequency Treatment in Pudendal Neuralgia: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Patients with pudendal neuralgia (PN) experience long-lasting chronic pain, hyperalgesia, and comorbid emotional disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Treatment via conventional pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) current carries a significantly high rate of failure.

Objective: To determine the safety and clinical efficacy of high-voltage, long-duration PRF application to the pudendal nerve in patients with PN.

Acupuncture Treatment for Cough-Variant Asthma: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: In recent years, there have been many clinical reports on acupuncture treatment of cough-variant asthma, but no researcher has objectively analysed and evaluated the efficacy and safety of acupuncture treatment of cough-variant asthma from the perspective of evidence-based medicine.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture in treating cough-variant asthma and to provide reference values for clinical decision-making.

Methods: The comprehensive computer retrieval Chinese journal full-text database (CNKI), Chinese science and technology periodical database (VIP), ten thousand data knowledge service platform (WanFang Data), PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were used to collect literature for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) of acupuncture treatment of cough-variant asthma, as well as to retrieve papers and add reference retrieval after literature review, in accordance with the standard of literature filtering, data extraction, and quality evaluation.