Differential sensitivity to DMI fungicides in Cercospora beticola is mediated by a novel target site modification and C-14 alpha-demethylase overexpression.

Sensitivity assessment of 300 Cercospora beticola isolates collected from North Greece revealed that 38 % of the population was highly resistant to at least one of the demethylase inhibitors (DMIs) difenoconazole, epoxiconazole and flutriafol. Resistance factors greater than 50, 100 and 100 were calculated for the most resistant C. beticola isolates to flutriafol, epoxiconazole and difenoconazole, respectively.

Electro-assisted microalgae cultivation, harvesting, and recovery of high-value products: A review.

Electrotechnology has recently emerged as an eco-friendly method for enhancing microalgal processes. Electric fields can be applied to microalgae at different stages to improve their biomass productivity, high-value products (HVPs) content, harvesting efficiency, and cell disruption for biomolecule recovery. Incorporating them into microalgal processes can significantly contribute to achieving a circular bioeconomy.

2D-1D Self-Assembly of Water Delaminated Co-Fe-LDH Nanosheets and CNTs via Exfoliation-Restacking Approach for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Developing efficient, sustainable, earth-abundant, cost-effective electrocatalysts is extremely challenging. Cobalt-iron-layered double hydroxide nanosheets (Co-Fe-LDH NSs) hybridized with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) lead to anchors Co-Fe-LDH-CNTs (CFC) self-assembly with a mesoporous morphology, expanded surface area, fast charge transfer kinetics, and high electrical conductivity. The resultant anchored CFC nanohybrid is highly active for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), showing a lower overpotential of 221 and 313 mV at a current density of 10 and 25 mA cm, respectively, compared to pristine Co-Fe-LDH (339 and 391 mV), showcasing the significant role of CNTs in improving the electrocatalytic performance of pristine Co-Fe-LDH.

Recent Advancements in Lipid Nanoparticles-Based Phytoactives Delivery Systems for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, pose a significant and continuous burden on the healthcare system, urging the search for innovative therapeutical approaches targeting the central nervous system. Nowadays, no definitive treatment can effectively modulate the neuronal degeneration associated with such diseases. The current line of therapies is primarily symptomatic and suffers several drawbacks.

Improved optical characteristics of PEO polymer integrated with graphene oxide.

In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized via a modified low-temperature Hummer's method and incorporated into a poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrix to fabricate PEO/GO nanocomposite thin films using a casting technique. This work explores how GO incorporation affects the structural and optical properties of PEO, with emphasis on its suitability for optical switching and other optoelectronic applications. The films were prepared with varying GO concentrations and characterized using XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and other standard techniques.

Determinants of vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in an international multicenter study within the EuCARE project.

A total of 2079 healthcare workers (HCWs) responded to an anonymous survey on vaccine hesitancy conducted between December 2022 and October 2023 at centers in Lithuania, Portugal, Poland, Germany, and Brazil. Only 55.7% were confident about the long-term safety of the COVID-19 vaccine; 10% believed the risk of having COVID-19 vaccines was greater than the risk of COVID-19 itself.

Most prominent challenges in translational neuroscience and strategic solutions to bridge the gaps: Perspectives from an editorial board interrogation.

Recent progress in translational neuroscience has significantly advanced our understanding of neurological diseases. Research progress closely went in line with innovations in research methods, which have expanded our insights considerably beyond previous limits. However, despite the development of disease-modifying treatments, therapeutic options in brain diseases still lag behind fundamental discoveries in basic neuroscience.

Shear response of pyramidal lattice sandwich cores with tailored I-beam struts.

This research paper investigates the shear response of pyramidal lattice (PL) sandwich cores, where square-shaped strut cross-sections are geometrically modified into I-beam-like configurations. These PL sandwich cores are 3D printed via Digital Light Processing (DLP), and their shear performance is experimentally and numerically evaluated for various I-beam-like strut cross-sections. The measurements reveal that PL structures with I-beam struts outperform conventional square-beam structures in terms of shear modulus (+ 13%), shear strength (+ 11%) and gravimetric energy (+ 24%).

Ink based graphene integration into commercial contact lenses.

Introducing multiple functionalities to contact lenses (CLs) are achieved by additives such as nanomaterials, pigments, and dyes. CLs with graphene have been used in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, drug delivery and sensing. Generally, CVD graphene or graphene nanocomposites are used during the manufacturing stage of CLs.

Microstructure and corrosion resistance of hybrid additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V via laser powder bed fusion.

Over the last decade, the Hybrid Additive Manufacturing (HAM) approach has been introduced to synergistically combine the design flexibility of Additive Manufacturing (AM) with the larger build volume and faster production rates offered by conventional manufacturing methods. In this work, Ti-6Al-4V powder was printed on the conventional machined Ti-6Al-4V substrate by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), and the corrosion behavior was studied in 3.5 wt.

Molecular Origin of Interfacial Anomalies in Azeotropic Refrigerant Mixtures.

Interfacial anomalies such as the formation of an aneotrope have been well-established for binary refrigerant blends with polar and nonpolar compounds. This remains largely unexplored for mixtures of polar refrigerants. This study investigates the phase equilibria and interfacial properties of pure refrigerants and their binary mixtures, specifically focusing on the molecular origin of interfacial anomalies.

MXene-zingerone synergized gelatin-based hydrogel for accelerated open wound healing and epidermal regeneration in a preclinical model.

The treatment of open wounds presents a significant challenge in clinical practice due to the increased risk of bacterial infections and prolonged recovery times. Currently, antibiotics are highly preferred to address underlying problems; however, their misuse has led to antibacterial resistance and compromised biocompatibility. This underscores the need for an advanced biological macromolecule-based system with multifunctional properties.

Impact of Close-Kin Experience with Metabolic Bariatric Surgery on Patient Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study from the Middle East.

Background: Metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) is increasingly common worldwide and in the Middle East due to its safety, efficacy, and durability. While close-kin patient (CKP) referrals from relative who have undergone MBS are frequent, the impact of this relationship remains unclear. This study evaluates whether CKP referrals influence BS outcomes and follow-up compliance at a tertiary medical center in the UAE.

A multi-robot collaborative manipulation framework for dynamic and obstacle-dense environments: integration of deep learning for real-time task execution.

This paper presents a multi-robot collaborative manipulation framework, implemented in the Gazebo simulation environment, designed to enable the execution of autonomous tasks by mobile manipulators in dynamic environments and dense obstacles. The system consists of multiple mobile robot platforms, each equipped with a robotic manipulator, a simulated RGB-D camera, and a 2D LiDAR sensor on the mobile base, facilitating task coordination, object detection, and advanced collision avoidance within a simulated warehouse setting. A leader-follower architecture governs collaboration, allowing for the dynamic formation of teams to tackle tasks requiring combined effort, such as transporting heavy objects.

Automated Label-Free Assay for Viral Detection and Inhibitor Screening via Biomembrane-Functionalized Microelectrode Arrays.

Most virus infection assays have indirect readout such as virus number following entry (e.g., PCR, cell lysis).

Integrated metagenomics and transcriptomics analysis reveals pathways associated with oral periapical lesions formation and progression.

Periapical abscesses, radicular cysts, and periapical granulomas are among the most frequently identified pathological lesions in the alveolar bone. Although many studies have investigated bacterial metagenomics in periapical abscesses, little is known about the genome mining of abundant bacteria in periapical lesions and its correlation to human transcriptome. This study aims to explore the enriched metabolic environment of periapical lesions associated with microbial diversity and their role in lesion progression.

Ultralow Lattice Thermal Conductivity and Colossal Thermoelectric Figure of Merit of the Room-Temperature Antiferromagnet CsMnBi.

We study the experimentally synthesized layered material CsMnBi using first-principles calculations and the linearized electron and phonon Boltzmann transport equations. CsMnBi is found to be a semiconductor with an indirect bandgap of 0.76 eV and to realize C-type antiferromagnetism, which is energetically favorable by 0.

Multi-omics analysis of bariatric surgery's impact on type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.

Bariatric surgery is a promising intervention for managing obesity-related metabolic disorders; however, its effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we utilized a multi-omics approach to investigate how bariatric surgery influences Emirati individuals with T2D and prediabetes, focusing on the early detection of CVD markers. We longitudinally profiled 19 patients over a 9-month period, collecting omics data, including whole-genome sequencing (WGS), protein immunoassays, untargeted metabolomics, and 16S rRNA sequencing to determine gut microbiome composition.

Unveiling size-selective host-guest interaction of photoresponsive nanorings with carbon nanotubes and fullerenes.

The intricate host-guest chemistry of π-conjugated nanorings, such as [6]Cycloparaphenyleneacetylenes ([6]CPPAs) and [6]Cycloparaphenylenediazenes ([6]CPPDs), has emerged as a focal point in the study of advanced materials due to their versatile applications in molecular electronics, chiroptical switches, and energy storage. This research presents a novel theoretical framework for understanding the size-selective supramolecular interactions between the nanorings and a range of guest molecules, including armchair-type carbon nanotubes [(3,3), (4,4), (5,5)] and fullerenes (C and C). Utilizing the density functional theory (DFT), i.

Stakeholder Perspectives on Trustworthy AI for Parkinson Disease Management Using a Cocreation Approach: Qualitative Exploratory Study.

Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is the fastest-growing neurodegenerative disorder in the world, with prevalence expected to exceed 12 million by 2040, which poses significant health care and societal challenges. Artificial intelligence (AI) systems and wearable sensors hold potential for PD diagnosis, personalized symptom monitoring, and progression prediction. Nonetheless, ethical AI adoption requires several core principles, including user trust, transparency, fairness, and human oversight.

Longitudinal Links Between Vicarious Racism and Mental Health Among Mexican-Origin Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Daily Sleep Quality.

Purpose: To investigate how exposure to vicarious racism for Mexican-origin adolescents is associated with subsequent generalized anxiety and internalizing symptoms 1 year later. The study also considers how daily sleep health behaviors (duration, quality) moderate these associations.

Methods: The sample includes 317 Mexican-origin adolescents (46.

Enhanced Quantum Frequency Estimation by Nonlinear Scrambling.

Frequency estimation, a cornerstone of basic and applied sciences, has been significantly enhanced by quantum sensing strategies. Despite breakthroughs in quantum-enhanced frequency estimation, key challenges remain: static probes limit flexibility, and the interplay between resource efficiency, sensing precision, and potential enhancements from nonlinear probes remains not fully understood. In this Letter, we show that dynamically encoding an unknown frequency in a nonlinear quantum electromagnetic field can significantly improve frequency estimation.

Impact of desalination on the general circulation of the Arabian Gulf: Present and future scenarios.

By 2050, freshwater production by desalination plants is projected to increase more than sixfold compared to today's levels. Hundreds of seawater desalination plants currently operate in the Arabian Gulf, and the regional and local responses to brine discharge can be significant, especially on the Arabian coast in the southwestern Gulf. Here, we use a 2.

Disparities in cancer care and outcomes by insurance membership type in Indonesia: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of national health insurance claims, 2017-2022.

Objectives: To examine disparities in health services and outcomes for cancer among different membership types within the national health insurance in Indonesia.

Design And Setting: This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of health insurance claim data. The setting was inpatient claims from public and private hospitals across Indonesia during 2017-2022.

Disparities in health services and outcomes by National Health Insurance membership type for ischemic heart disease and stroke in Indonesia: analysis of claims, 2017-2022.

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) contributed to around 8.9 million deaths and stroke accounting for about 6.2 million deaths each year.