Investigating spatiotemporal traffic dynamics toward conflict risk levels using trajectory data in heterogeneous traffic conditions.

Objective: This study aimed to identify dynamic spatiotemporal traffic factors influencing conflict risk levels on National Highways under heterogeneous traffic conditions in India. The research addresses gaps by capturing vehicle interactions using high-resolution UAV-based trajectory data and proposes a novel two-stage methodology for real-time conflict risk evaluation, moving beyond traditional binary risk classifications to a four-level framework (High, Moderate, Low, No-Risk).

Methods: Over 40,000 conflict risk sequences were classified into four severity levels using the Modified Time-to-Collision (MTTC) surrogate safety measure.

Physicochemical characterization of polyoxyethylene (POE)-based nonionic surfactants in single and mixed micellar environments for anticancer drug solubilization enhancement.

This work reports the nanoscale micellar formation in single and mixed surfactant systems by combining an amphiphilic graft copolymer, Soluplus® (primary surfactant), blended with other polyoxyethylene (POE)-based nonionic surfactants such as Kolliphor® HS15, Kolliphor® EL, Tween-80, TPGS®, and Pluronics® P123 in an aqueous solution environment. The solution behaviour of these surfactants as a single system were analyzed in a wide range of surfactant concentrations and temperatures. Rheological measurements revealed distinct solution behaviour in the case of Soluplus®, ranging from low-viscosity () and fluid-like behavior at ≤20% w/v to a highly viscous state at ≥90% w/v, where the loss modulus ('') exceeded the storage modulus (').

Inorganic-organic γ-octamolybdate hybrids for targeted anticancer applications against MiaPaca-2 and A549 cells.

Cancer is widely recognized as one of the most critical public health challenges, transcending economic boundaries and impacting populations across all socioeconomic strata. Developing effective cancer therapies is significantly hindered by challenges such as chemotherapy-related side effects, drug resistance, and tumor metastasis, which contribute to poor prognoses for many patients. In this context, inorganic drugs, particularly polyoxomolybdate-based inorganic-organic hybrids, are emerging as promising candidates for future metallodrugs.

Design and transformation of ACQphores into AIEgens: toward MOF-based advanced sensing applications.

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has emerged as a groundbreaking optoelectronic phenomenon that overcomes the limitations of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), enabling the development of highly light-emitting substances with broad applications. This overview presents a detailed exploration of AIE and ACQ, discussing their historical background, fundamental definitions, and working mechanisms, particularly the restriction of intramolecular rotations (RIRs), vibrations (RIVs), and motions (RIMs). Significant focus is placed on the transformation strategies for converting ACQ-active fluorophores (ACQphores) into AIE-active luminogens (AIEgens).

Examining the relationship between noise exposure, health outcomes, and efficacy in public bus drivers: a structural equation modeling approach.

A comprehensive investigation was undertaken to evaluate the noise exposure levels received by public bus drivers and its potential consequences on their efficacy and health. Noise exposure levels were measured for drivers across forty distinct routes, followed by subjective data collection from 410 drivers through in-depth personal interviews. Noise exposure levels were quantified using time-weighted average sound pressure level (TWA) and noise dose, which were compared to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards referred to as action level (85 dB and 50% noise dose) and criterion level (90 dB and 100% noise dose).

Ranking of CMIP6 GCMs and formulation of multi-model ensembles for precipitation projection under SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios over the Ujjani Dam catchment in India by using machine learning and conventional methods.

Projecting precipitation changes through a multi-model ensemble (MME) of global climate models (GCMs) enhances predictive accuracy by reducing model uncertainty, thereby offering more reliable insights for adaptive water resource management under future climate scenarios. Initially, grid-wise ranking of 27 NASA NEX-GDDP-CMIP6 GCMs is performed by using four performance indicators for which weights are assigned by using the entropy method. These weighted performance indicators are then given as input to the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution method to derive GCM rankings at each grid point over the Ujjani Dam.

Numerical study on fractional order nonlinear SIR-SI model for dengue fever epidemics.

This paper focuses on a combined SIR-SI epidemic model to evaluate the transmission dynamics of dengue fever, integrating the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) framework for the human population with the susceptible-infected (SI) framework for mosquitoes. The model is formulated as a system of nonlinear differential equations and is further extended by incorporating fractional-order derivatives in the Caputo sense to capture memory effects in disease transmission. A thorough investigation of the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points is conducted, encompassing both local and global stability at the disease-free state.

A bright, water-soluble far-red fluorescent probe for detecting thiols in both mitochondria and lysosomes in living cells.

Biological thiols such as glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys), and homocysteine (Hcy) are important molecules that help to keep the redox balance inside cells. Their subcellular distribution varies across organelles such as mitochondria and lysosomes, and dysregulated thiol levels are implicated in various pathological conditions. Therefore, the development of effective biothiol sensors for subcellular imaging is of significant interest.

An α-MoO hybrid with sulfuric acid-intercalated 4,4'-bipyridine for adsorptive dye removal.

Herein, a polyoxometalate hybrid material, [MoVI3O(HSO)]·[(bpy)] (1), has been specifically designed for efficient dye adsorption. The molecular structure of 1 was elucidated single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD), revealing a well-defined coordination network. Comprehensive characterization through FTIR, P-XRD TGA, FE-SEM, EDX mapping, XPS and zeta potential measurements confirmed the uniform distribution of constituent elements and the robust stability of 1 under operational conditions.

Carbon nanostructures with antibacterial and wound healing activities: recent progress and challenges.

The presence of pathogenic bacteria in the environment represents a significant public health problem. Due to the increasing resistance of bacterial species to conventional antibiotics, there is an urgent need to develop and implement alternative antibacterial approaches. In recent years, carbon-based nanostructures-such as graphene (GR), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon quantum dots (CQDs), fullerenes, and nanodiamonds (NDs) have shown great impact in biomedical sciences due to their outstanding physicochemical properties and beneficial features, including unique optical properties, high biocompatibility, environmental friendliness, low cost, good stability, excellent electron mobility, and the presence of various functional groups (, hydroxyl, -NH, and -COOH).

A Bisphosphate Ligand for Zn Ion Detection and Co-Crystallization with N-Rich Organic Molecules.

Herein, a bisphosphate ligand with extended aromatic rings having methyl substitutes at ortho-position named as 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl bis(dihydrogen phosphate) (tmbiphH) was utilized in zinc ion detection and the preparation of its cocrystals. The fluorescence sensing capability of tmbiphH for Zn ions confirms its high selectivity and sensitivity. Moreover, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations support the strong coordination between Zn and the phosphate functionality of the ligand, consistent with the observed sensing behavior.

Use of recovered coagulant from water treatment sludge for greywater treatment.

In the present study, the potential of aluminium recovered from water treatment sludge (WTS) as a coagulant was assessed for treating real greywater. Aluminium was first recovered from WTS by acidification at pH 1.0.

MTA-Net: Multi-scale triplet attention-aware network for multiclass skin lesion classification.

Multiclass classification of skin lesions plays a crucial role in computer-aided skin cancer diagnosis and still remains challenging due to the high similarity between different classes and large variations within the same classes. Additionally, the color, shape, and size variation of lesions raise significant concerns. Existing convolutional neural network (CNN)-based approaches have shown prominence over traditional feature engineering-based methods for learning high-level feature representations from dermoscopy images; however, they exhibit limited capabilities to capture subtle lesion variations.

Selective Detection of Water in Methanol by 2,4-Dihydroxy Benzaldehyde Schiff Base and Its Applications: An Experimental and Theoretically Approach.

Selective and sensitivity qualitative detection of tiny amounts of water in organic solvents remains a hot research area due to its tremendous application in pharmaceutical, medical, chemical laboratory, industrial etc. Hence, this work devoted, design a simple and cost-effective Schiff base namely, 4-((thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzene-1,3-diol (L) by simple condensation of 1: 1 molar ration of 2-aminothizaole and 2,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde. The probe (L) was employed for selective detection of trace water in methanol (CHOH) solvents.

Physics informed neural networks simulation of fingering instabilities arising during immiscible and miscible multiphase flow in oil recovery processes.

Numerical simulation and experimental techniques are the primary methods for solving fluid dynamics problems. However, while numerical simulation approaches are sensitive when meshing a complex structure, experimental methods have difficulty simulating the physical challenges. Therefore, building an affordable model to solve the fluid dynamics problem is very important.

Arginine-Conjugated Bioinspired Polydopamine Surface for the Enhanced Antibacterial and Antifouling Performance of Surgical Sutures.

Sutures play a crucial role in tissue repair and wound healing, however, the formation of bacterial biofilms on their surfaces can lead to surgical site infections. This bacterial accumulation compromises their effectiveness and reduces biocidal activity. Zwitterionic amino acid coatings offer promising antibacterial and antifouling surfaces that prevent bacterial adhesion and proliferation.

Colloidal perovskite nanomaterials: New insights on synthetic routes, properties and sensing applications.

Recently, perovskites have drawn attention as appealing materials for a range of technological applications, including sensing, because of their unique optoelectronic properties. This review comprehensively discusses the synthetic methods for perovskites, covering hot-injection, ligand-assisted reprecipitation, chemical vapor deposition, ultrasonication, microwave assisted, sol-gel Pechini, solvothermal/hydrothermal, and co-precipitation method. Lead halide perovskites, while popular for their high-performance optoelectronics, face environmental concerns, prompting the development of lead-free alternatives and oxide-based perovskites.

Impact of sensory distractions on reaction time: a comprehensive modeling approach.

Auditory distractions can significantly impact driving safety by affecting a driver's ability to focus, react, and make decisions, and consequently increase Driver's Reaction Time. The present study aims to examine the impact of such distractions using experimental data employing the Vienna Test System (VTS). Eighty drivers (70% male, 30% female) from mixed traffic environments participated, resulting in 240 data samples across two age groups (young and mature).

Nanoparticle-driven drug delivery system for cardiovascular treatment.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the world's major concern affecting the heart, blood arteries, and the blood that flows through and between them, making it a significant obstacle to contemporary healthcare practices. Approximately one in three individuals has a CVD, and many of them have several, overlapping diseases that might eventually result in catastrophic events such as a heart attack or stroke. The previous century opened the door for progress of life-saving drugs and treatment modalities.

Green synthesis of ZnO-NiO nanocomposite using peel extract and their significant antibacterial properties against series of pathogenic strains.

This paper discusses the green synthesis of a ZnO-NiO nanocomposite using an extract of peel as a capping and reducing agent. The green synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) techniques. XRD is explored for crystallinity, and the crystalline size is found to be 36 nm for the nanocomposite.

Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system based multicrop yield prediction in the semi arid region of India.

India, with a population of 1.43 billion, is the most populous country in the world, necessitating more significant food production. To ensure this food production, the country's farmers must focus on high-yielding and draught-tolerant varieties of the crops.

Remediation of hexavalent chromium by carboxymethyl cellulose @nylon-6 and chitin @ nylon-6 nanofibers; chitosan-coated nylon-6 fabric for imparting electro conductivity and UV protection.

In this work, the solution blow spinning process was utilized to create new, nanofiber materials made of nylon 6@ carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC@N-6) and nylon 6 @chitin (Chitin@N-6), which were then effectively employed as adsorbents to remove chromium (VI) from aquatic systems. The nanofibers exhibited equivalent manufacturing rates of 2.4 g/h.

Spatiotemporal trends and variability of rainfall patterns using innovative polygon trend analysis method for Shetrunji basin, India.

This study analyses monthly rainfall trends in the Shetrunji basin, India, using data from 1971 to 2023 collected from multiple rain gauge stations. Understanding these trends is vital for the region's effective water resource management and climate adaptation. Rainfall trends were evaluated using non-parametric methods, including the Mann-Kendall (MK) test, modified MK, and Sen's Slope Estimator.

Assessment of novel 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-triazole hybrids compounds as inhibitors of DNA GyraseB: in vitro and in silico investigation.

Ten novel 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolone-triazole compounds (denoted as -) were synthesized using click chemistry. These compounds were thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques, such as FT-IR, mass spectrometry,H NMR, and C NMR. To gather a deeper understanding regarding structural properties of the synthesized compounds, we conducted Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies employing the B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) methodology.

An electron rich triazine-based covalent organic framework as an aqueous electrolyte symmetric supercapacitor.

A novel covalent organic framework (COF), TDMTA-TFP-COF, was synthesized through the condensation of a triazine-based triamine with triformyl phloroglucinol for supercapacitor electrode applications. It demonstrated remarkable specific capacitance, energy density, and power density in both three-electrode and symmetric supercapacitor configurations. This study highlights the potential of TDMTA-TFP-COF as a promising electrode material for energy storage applications.