Addition of metronidazole to standard-of-care perioperative prophylaxis at the time of hysterectomy for gynecologic malignancies.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the combination of cefazolin or a second-generation cephalosporin plus metronidazole is associated with a reduced risk of surgical site infection in women undergoing hysterectomy for gynecologic cancer compared to using cefazolin or a second-generation cephalosporin alone.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent hysterectomy at a single institution between January 2020 and June 2022. The primary outcome was surgical site infection.

Prediabetes Awareness Barriers and Enablers: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2020.

Introduction: Prediabetes is prevalent and commonly progresses to diabetes when unaddressed. Prediabetes progression is preventable, yet prediabetes unawareness jeopardizes timely intervention. This study examines barriers and enablers of prediabetes awareness, and describes its influence on diet and physical activity.

Effects of short-term changes in ambient carbon monoxide on sickle cell disease hospital encounters.

Symptoms of sickle cell disease (SCD) may be worsened by environmental factors. Although outdoor air pollution has been proposed as a potential trigger, the specific role of carbon monoxide (CO) among traffic-related pollutants, remains understudied in those with SCD. Based on South Carolina hospital encounter records (2002-2019) for SCD patients, we estimated daily 8-hour maximum outdoor CO concentrations at patients' residential zip codes using a newly-developed spatio-temporal model.

Surgical management patterns for spontaneous pneumothorax in adolescents and young adults.

Background: Management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax varies widely. We aimed to assess national trends in PSP management in the last decade.

Methods: We conducted a 10-year retrospective analysis of the MarketScan claims database to identify adolescents and young adults (aged 10-24 years) diagnosed with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (2012-2021).

Discrepancies in opioid prescription and comorbidity burden in chronic low back pain: The impact of race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.

Objective: To examine associations between race, comorbidity, opioid and nonopioid treatment burden, and socioeconomic status (SES) in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Design: A case-control study.

Setting: Tertiary academic system.

High Blood Pressure Among Emergency Department Patients: Effects of Educational Intervention.

Introduction Hypertension is a significant global health issue. It is estimated that approximately half of adults in the United States have hypertension (approximately 119 million adults). Although emergent treatment is not indicated for asymptomatic hypertension, patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with hypertension may represent an opportunity for patient education and improved health outcomes.

Aerobic Exercise Training Leads to MASH Resolution as Defined by the MASH Resolution Index.

Purpose: Exercise training is recommended for all patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Whether exercise training improves liver histology independent of body weight loss remains controversial. Given the increasing reliance on non-invasive biomarkers as a surrogate for liver histology, we investigated the relationship between exercise training and improvement in liver histology using the MASH Resolution Index (MASH-RI), a validated composite score of multiple biomarkers, in a post hoc analysis of the NASHFit trial.

Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Diagnosed With Sickle Cell Disease: A Scoping Review.

Research on the benefits of physical activity (PA) for children diagnosed with sickle cell disease (SCD) remains divided. This scoping review aimed to describe PA and physical fitness assessments, detail existing PA interventions, and document adverse events related to PA interventions in children with SCD. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and PEDro for clinical trials and observational studies on children ≤21 years old diagnosed with SCD and providing at least one assessment of PA and/or physical fitness and/or a PA intervention.

Imaging Retroviral RNA Genome Heterodimers Using Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC).

Retroviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses that package two copies of their positively stranded RNA genomes as a non-covalent dimer into newly formed virions. This process is evolutionarily conserved, and disruption of genome dimerization results in production of non-infectious virus particles. Genome dimers can be packaged as homodimers, containing two identical RNAs, or heterodimers, consisting of two genetically distinct copies.

Hidden findings: How often does Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) uncover prostate cancer?

Purpose: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition with an increasing prevalence that parallels aging. Surgical procedures involving removal of the prostate can lead to detection of incidental prostate cancer (iPCa). Following holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), the incidence of such cases ranges from 5.

Genetic susceptibility to depressive symptoms in middle-aged to older Americans: time-varying effects and effect modification by early psychosocial factors.

Purpose: We examined age-varying genetic influences on depression across young adulthood to older adulthood and the moderating role of early psychosocial factors.

Methods: Data are from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) with 6,977 European Americans (57% women) from 2006 to 2016 (M age 62.4 ± 14.

Interest in brief resistance training workouts among older US adults with and without mobility disability.

Background/objectives: Resistance training (RT) improves strength and physical function; however, only 35% of older adults meet national guidelines for muscle strengthening activities. Though time is often noted as a barrier to physical activity participation, little is known about the interest of older adults in brief RT programs. This study compared preferences for brief, more frequent vs longer, less frequent RT programs.

FSCN1-mediated hepatic gluconeogenesis is indispensable for neonatal mice survival.

Actin-bundling protein Fascin1 (FSCN1) is encoded by the gene and is crucial for cytoskeletal remodeling and cellular migration. Although a previous study linked deficiency to neonatal lethality in mice, the underlying metabolic mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we report that systemic knockout (KO) of leads to 52.

GsMTx-4 inhibits the exercise pressor reflex and the muscle mechanoreflex primarily through TRPC inhibition.

Evidence suggests that Piezo 2 and TRPC6 channels play important roles in evoking the mechanical component of the exercise pressor reflex. However, the pharmacological tools used in previous studies, namely GsMTx-4 (Piezo 2) and SAR7334 (TRPC6), have potential overlapping effects. GsMTx-4, in particular, inhibits TRPC6 channels in addition to Piezo 2.

An Extraction Tool for Venous Thromboembolism Symptom Identification in Primary Care Notes to Facilitate Electronic Clinical Quality Measure Reporting: Algorithm Development and Validation Study.

Background: Diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is often delayed, and facilitating earlier diagnosis may improve associated morbidity and mortality. Clinical notes contain information not found elsewhere in the medical record that could facilitate timely VTE diagnosis and accurate quality measurement. However, extracting relevant information from unstructured clinical notes is complex.

Prolotherapy in the Academy: A Mixed Methods Survey Study.

Safe, effective treatment for chronic pain is needed. Prolotherapy is an injection-based complementary and integrative therapy supported by emerging peer-reviewed evidence. It is anecdotally used in clinical care, yet it is not part of medical society practice guidelines.

A New Way of Teaching Humanities in Medical School: Critical Medical Humanities.

Purpose: This study investigates medical students' experiences with a pre-clerkship critical medical humanities (CMH) curriculum that emphasized power, privilege, and inequities in healthcare.

Methods: Twenty-six third-year medical students at a semi-rural US medical school were interviewed in Fall-Winter 2023. Semi-structured interviews explored students' reflections on the curriculum's impact, and narrative analysis was used to identify key themes.

Detection of human brain cancers using genomic and immune cell characterization of cerebrospinal fluid through CSF-BAM.

Patients with radiographically detectable lesions in their brain or other symptoms compatible with brain tumors pose challenges for diagnosis. The only definitive way to diagnose such patients is through brain biopsy, an invasive and dangerous procedure. Here we present a new workflow termed "CSF-BAM" that simultaneously identifies B cell or T cell receptor sequences, Aneuploidy, and Mutations using amplification of both strands of the DNA from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples.

School Nurse Perceptions of Their Role, Burnout, and Mentorship Programs: A Qualitative Analysis.

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated demanding workloads and poor working conditions for school nurses, both of which are strong predictors of burnout. This study explores Pennsylvania school nurses' perspectives on burnout and the value of peer mentorship programs in mitigating burnout. Fourteen (N = 14) school nurses who served as mentors or mentees in a one-year (2023-2024) mentorship program participated in one of two focus groups.

The weight reducing effects of naltrexone-bupropion among obese psychiatric and non-psychiatric patients: a systematic review.

Introduction: Obesity is a global concern leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Naltrexone-Bupropion (NB) is sought to be a favorable medication in obese patients with or without concurrent psychiatric illness. In this systematic review, we have compared NB's role as an obesity management strategy, against placebo and usual care, for overweight and obese psychiatric and non-psychiatric patients.

Stepwise Development of a Simulation-Based Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Curriculum for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residents.

Objectives: Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) is a required part of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) residency training, yet there remains a lack of standardized educational framework guiding its implementation across residency programs. While structured MSKUS curricula exist, variability in institutional resources limits generalizability. Moreover, there has been comparatively less focus on the advantages of incorporating longitudinal, simulation-based learning, which has been proven to enhance skill acquisition, clinical confidence, and patient safety.