Do turtles get cancer?

Turtles are renowned for their extreme longevity and tremendous range in body size. Theoretically, large, long-lived organisms should face higher cancer risks because of increased cell numbers and lifetime cellular turnover, yet cancer appears to be exceptionally rare in turtles. In the present article, we synthesize the current knowledge on cancer prevalence in turtles, drawing from zoo necropsies, pathology reports, and comparative oncology studies, and present new data spanning additional species that reinforce this pattern.

Subgaleal Hematoma in a Female With Normal Coagulation Tests.

Factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency is a rare coagulopathy with an estimated prevalence of approximately 1 in 1 to 2 million, affecting males and females with equal frequency. FXIII plays a critical role in hemostasis by stabilizing fibrin clots through covalent cross-linking of fibrin monomers, thereby conferring mechanical resistance and durability to the clot structure. Clinically, FXIII deficiency presents with a spectrum of hemorrhagic manifestations including bleeding from the umbilical cord, intracranial hemorrhage, recurrent miscarriages, menorrhagia, epistaxis, gingival bleeding, and poor wound healing.

Airport/seaport and autochthonous malaria in Europe from 1969 to 2022: A systematic review.

Background: In the context of this paper, airport/seaport malaria denotes the accidental relocation by air or sea of a malaria infected mosquito to Europe, a non-endemic area, the survival of the transported mosquito and subsequent blood meal and infection of a local person. Autochthonous malaria refers to locally transmitted cases of malaria in Europe.

Methods: The systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023444243).

CuSn Gd S thin films for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.

Thin films of CuSn Gd S were prepared on soda-lime glass substrates using spin coating in a sulfur-rich environment. We investigated how doping CuSnS with gadolinium (Gd) affected its structural, morphological, and optical properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. XRD showed that all samples had a polycrystalline monoclinic structure, while FE-SEM revealed a mix of spherical and polygon-shaped grains.

On the graph theory of majority illusions: theoretical results and computational experiments.

Unlabelled: The popularity of an opinion in one's direct circles is not necessarily a good indicator of its popularity in one's entire community. Network structures make local information about global properties of the group potentially inaccurate, and the way a social network is wired constrains what kind of information distortion can actually occur. In this paper, we discuss which classes of networks allow for a large enough proportion of the population to get a wrong enough impression about the overall distribution of opinions.

Long way to impact health: outputs and outcomes of a four-year multilevel participatory family health promotion programme in a low-income neighbourhood.

Introduction: Improving health, in particular of people in a disadvantaged socioeconomic position (SEP), requires multilevel health promotion programmes with community engagement. However, the impacts of such complex and challenging programmes are not yet clear. This study aims to show the impact of a participatory multilevel family health promotion programme in a low-income neighbourhood at intrapersonal, interpersonal, organisational, community and policy level.

Quantification of neuroinflammation in spinal cord and neuroforamina of patients with painful cervical radiculopathy using [C]DPA713 PET/CT.

Background: Animal models of nerve compression have revealed neuroinflammation not only at the entrapment site, but also remotely at the spinal cord. However, there is limited information on the presence of neuroinflammation in human compression neuropathies. The objectives of this study were to: (1) assess which tracer kinetic model most optimally quantified [C]DPA713 uptake in the spinal cord and neuroforamina in patients with painful cervical radiculopathy, (2) evaluate the performance of linearized methods (e.

Bridging micro and macroevolution: insights from chromosomal dynamics in plants.

Understanding the relationship between macro- and microevolutionary processes and their delimitation remains a challenge. This review focuses on the role of chromosomal rearrangements in plant population differentiation and lineage diversification resulting in speciation, helping bridge the gap between macro- and microevolution through chromosomal evolution. We focus on angiosperms, a group that comprises the majority of extant plant species diversity and exhibits the largest chromosomal and genomic variations.

Integral approach to organelle profiling in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes enhances cardiac safety classification of known cardiotoxic compounds.

Introduction: Efficient preclinical prediction of cardiovascular side effects poses a pivotal challenge for the pharmaceutical industry. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are becoming increasingly important in this field due to inaccessibility of human native cardiac tissue. Current preclinical hiPSC-CMs models focus on functional changes such as electrophysiological abnormalities, however other parameters, such as structural toxicity, remain less understood.

Inhibitor development and clinical characteristics in children with severe hemophilia A in the ATHN 8 US cohort study.

Clotting factor concentrate (CFC), used to treat and prevent bleeding in hemophilia, is rendered ineffective if clotting factor neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) develop. Inhibitors occur most often in children, early in treatment. The American Thrombosis and Hemostasis Network (ATHN) 8: US Cohort Study of Previously Untreated Patients (PUPs) with Congenital Hemophilia, conducted in children born in 2010 to 2020 with severe or moderate hemophilia, was designed to determine the percentage of participants who developed a confirmed, clinically significant inhibitor within the first 50 CFC exposure days (EDs).

Artificial Intelligence and Network Medicine: Path to Precision Medicine.

Over the past two decades, network medicine (NM) has evolved to help define disease mechanisms, identify drug targets, and guide increasingly precise therapies. In recent years, the integration of NM with artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning techniques, has evolved with increasing applications. AI techniques help elucidate complex disease mechanisms and define precise therapies.

Loss of ribosomal protein uL14 enables tumor escape from T cell immunosurveillance.

The presentation of peptides on HLA molecules is essential to CD8 T cell responses. Here, we show that loss of uL14 significantly downregulates the expression of antigen processing and presentation (APP) components in melanoma cell lines. Peptides generated following knockdown show different characteristics, with altered peptide charge, and differences in anchor residue positions.

3D-Printed Microfiltration Membranes via Dual-Wavelength Microstereolithography.

A new and sustainable membrane manufacturing method is 3D printing, which reduces the number of fabrication steps, waste production, and the corresponding CO emissions. It further enables fabricating membranes with well-defined pore size, shape, and configuration. Here, we study 3D printing of microfiltration membranes using a novel dual-wavelength microstereolithography method.

Association of physical activity level during pregnancy with preterm birth and infant adiposity: longitudinal analysis from the MAASTHI cohort, India.

Background: Physical activity during pregnancy is thought to influence birth outcomes, but its association with it is not fully understood. We aimed to examine the association of sedentary behavior during pregnancy with preterm birth and infant adiposity measured at birth, 14 weeks, and one year of age.

Methods: In this cohort study, physical activity during pregnancy was assessed using the physical activity questionnaire.

and reciprocally promote their virulence factor secretion and pro-inflammatory effects.

Background: Co-infections of and can significantly increase morbidity and mortality. However, the effect of co-existence on virulence factor secretion and pro-inflammatory effects remain elusive.

Methods: We systematically investigated the virulence factors released by and under different culturing conditions using proteomics.

Growth of High Aspect Ratio Wurtzite GaAs Nanowires.

Crystal phase control of III-V semiconductor nanowires grown by the vapor liquid solid mechanism has emerged as a new frontier in nanomaterials in the 2010s. Of particular interest is the ability to grow the metastable wurtzite crystal, which is commercially unavailable in semiconductors such as GaAs and SiGe. The successful growth of wurtzite GaAs nanowires has been demonstrated by precise control of the wetting contact angle of the catalyst particle.

Glycoproteomics analysis of complement factor H and its complement-regulatory function during -associated hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by an invasive infection (SP-HUS) is a rare and severe disease that primarily affects children under two years of age. The pathophysiology of SP-HUS remains poorly understood, and treatment is largely supportive. Complement factor H (FH) is a key regulator of the alternative pathway of the complement system.

A genome-wide association study identifies new loci associated with response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccine in a cohort of healthy healthcare workers.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had significant global public health consequences, affecting over 200 countries and regions by 2020. The development and efficacy of specific vaccines, such as the mRNA-1273 (Spikevax) vaccine developed by Moderna Inc., have substantially reduced the impact of the pandemic and mitigated its consequences.

Gut dysbiosis is linked to severe steatosis and enhances its diagnostic performance in MASLD.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease globally, with rising prevalence linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS). Excessive liver fat accumulation (steatosis) worsens disease progression and MASLD prognosis. Moreover, gut microbiota dysbiosis might promote steatosis, accelerating the disease progression to severe stages.

The illusory perception of occluded space as empty depends on the occluded area.

Some occluders evoke the compelling impression that the space behind them is empty. Stage magicians use this illusion of absence to produce objects out of thin air. The generic view principle predicts that the illusion of absence should increase with decreasing occluder size.

Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for ischemic heart disease: a systematic review and gene set enrichment analysis.

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains a major global health burden, highlighting the urgent need for early, non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression, have emerged as promising candidates due to their stability in circulation and involvement in cardiovascular processes. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the potential of specific miRNAs as early diagnostic biomarkers in IHD.

Gender Identity and Gender-Related Medical Outcomes of Autistic Young Adults Who Experienced Transgender Identity as Adolescents.

Purpose: We examined gender identity and gender-affirming care outcomes of autistic transgender adolescents followed into young adulthood, as well as relationships between gender-related medical care receipt and mental health across time.

Methods: This longitudinal two-timepoint study was conducted between 2018 and 2024, with 4 years between timepoints. Twenty-seven autistic transgender youth participated, with one lost to follow-up.

Reawakening of a dormant diaphragmatic hernia: a case of delayed post-traumatic presentation.

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) is a rare condition, especially on the right side, often lacking specific symptoms and sometimes manifesting years after the initial trauma. This case report highlights the importance of thorough history-taking, physical examination, and radiological imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of TDH. A 41-year-old male presented with recurrent epigastric pain and respiratory problems, initially treated for gastritis without relief.