Management of pregnancy and childbirth in Glanzmann thrombasthenia: A case series and review.

To illustrate the challenges in the management of women with Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) planning a pregnancy, we conducted a literature review and present a case series of eight women giving detailed descriptions of reproductive health problems, platelet alloimmunisation, treatment to prevent post-partum haemorrhage and neonatal outcomes. ART, assisted reproductive therapy; PPH, post-partum haemorrhage; rFVIIa, recombinant activated factor VII.

Structured oral clinical assessment for pharmacotherapy competencies in medical education: a study of validity and reliability analyses of seven domains.

Purpose: To develop and validate a structured oral clinical assessment (SOCA) tool to evaluate pharmacotherapy competencies among medical students during clinical clerkships.

Methods: The instrument was designed around seven core pharmacotherapy domains. A total of 30 pharmacology experts participated in the face and content validity assessments.

A uniform approach to determine measurement uncertainty in routine chemical forensic casework.

In routine forensic chemical casework where measurements are performed on reference materials, determination of measurement uncertainty is described in several guidelines. The proposed methods often have the drawback that they are not derived from a statistical framework and may lead to conservative confidence intervals. Furthermore, the formulas involved may vary considerably for different types of reference material.

Widely Distributed Pigeon Paramyxovirus Sub-Genotypes Pose a Risk to Immunocompromised Humans.

Introduction: Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic variant of Avian Orthoavulavirus 1 (AOAV-1) (Newcastle disease virus) with a global distribution that causes lethal infections in pigeon and dove species. AOAV-1's infecting humans normally cause mild, self-limiting conjunctivitis, but since 2003, PPMV-1 has been associated with an increased number of severe and lethal respiratory and neurological infections in immunocompromised persons in the Netherlands, the USA, France, China and Australia.

Methods: PPMV-1's isolated from free-living pigeons and doves across South Africa from 2012 to 2024 were sequenced using conventional or next generation technologies.

Attitudes and perceptions of biomedical journal editors in chief towards the use of artificial intelligence chatbots in the scholarly publishing process: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Artificial intelligence chatbots (AICs) are designed to mimic human conversations through text or speech, offering both opportunities and challenges in scholarly publishing. While journal policies of AICs are becoming more defined, there is still a limited understanding of how Editors in chief (EiCs) of biomedical journals' view these tools. This survey examined EiCs' attitudes and perceptions, highlighting positive aspects, such as language and grammar support, and concerns regarding setup time, training requirements, and ethical considerations towards the use of AICs in the scholarly publishing process.

Association between overweight/obesity and oral health in adults aged 55 and older: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity among the elderly has significant implications for oral health due to shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Despite its importance, comprehensive reviews on this topic remain limited. This study investigates the association between overweight/obesity and oral health outcomes in adults aged 55 and older.

ASAS recommendations on reporting axial spondyloarthritis clinical trials.

Objectives: This study aims to develop recommendations on reporting baseline features and outcomes from axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) clinical trials based on the recently updated instrument set of the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) core outcome set (COS).

Methods: A steering group (SG) convened a workgroup (WG), consisting of 13 ASAS members including rheumatologists, methodologists, epidemiologists, and 2 Young ASAS members. Recommendations on reporting axSpA trials baseline features and outcomes were developed in 3 steps: (1) the SG identified relevant baseline features from key axSpA clinical trials and formulated a proposal on how outcomes related to the instruments in the ASAS COS should be presented.

In silico search reveals the association of lichens with black yeast-like fungi in the order Chaetothyriales.

Lichens exemplify a unique symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria, where fungi (mycobionts) provide structural support, while algae or cyanobacteria (photobionts) provide nutrients. Recent discoveries in the order Chaetothyriales have led to the description of several lichenicolous species, underscoring an intricate relationship of some black yeast-like fungi with lichens. The present study aims to investigate public metagenomic data of lichens available in the SRA database, covering a total of 2888 samples.

Agaricus bisporus mushrooms are supplied with water through both apoplastic as well as symplastic routes from distinct substrate layers.

Agaricus bisporus is grown commercially on compost topped with a peat-based casing layer. Water is translocated from compost and casing to enable formation of mushrooms. Here, water translocation from casing and different parts of the compost into mushrooms was studied and linked to their water potential and contributing factors thereof: i.

Frailty and Short Term Functional Outcomes following Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in Elderly Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Despite the growing number of vascular interventions performed in elderly patients, the functional outcomes regarding frailty remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the short term functional outcomes in pre-operative frail vs. non-frail patients following open vs.

Management of recurrent venous thromboembolism during anticoagulant treatment in patients with cancer: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients with cancer-associated VTE. Limited data are available on treatment, particularly in patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). We aimed to evaluate current management strategies and outcomes in patients with cancer and recurrent VTE during treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) or DOACs.

Computational investigation of mutations in PfCRT and PfDHFR proteins for emerging resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarial drugs.

The emergence of multidrug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum poses a serious threat to antimalarial treatment, particularly with growing resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) and partner drugs like piperaquine. Mutations in key proteins, such as PfCRT (P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter) and PfDHFR (P.

The association of sleep-related issues with chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain incidence in U.S. adults: A 1-year representative cohort study.

In this longitudinal cohort study, we used nationally representative data from the U.S. National Health Interview Survey (n = 7826 for chronic pain; n = 9195 for high-impact chronic pain [HICP]) to examine the association of trouble sleeping and tiredness with 1-year incidence of chronic pain and HICP in U.

Polyneuropathy in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Accuracy of a New Clinical Diagnostic Scoring System.

Background And Aims: Polyneuropathy is highly prevalent among kidney transplant recipients (KTR), underscoring the need for an accurate yet easy-to-perform diagnostic method to improve understanding and enable early identification of treatable cases.

Methods: This study included KTR at least 12 months post-transplant at the University Medical Centre Groningen, the Netherlands. An expert panel assessed polyneuropathy through a structured neurological examination, quantitative sensory testing, and nerve conduction studies.

A 3-month clofazimine-rifapentine-containing regimen for drug-susceptible tuberculosis versus standard of care (Clo-Fast): a randomised, open-label, phase 2c clinical trial.

Background: Based on results from preclinical and clinical studies, a five-drug combination of isoniazid, rifapentine, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and clofazimine was identified with treatment shortening potential for drug-susceptible tuberculosis; the Clo-Fast trial aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of this regimen. We compared 3 months of isoniazid, rifapentine, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and clofazimine, administered with a clofazimine loading dose, to the standard 6 month regimen of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in drug-susceptible tuberculosis.

Methods: Clo-Fast was a phase 2c open-label trial recruiting participants at six sites in five countries.

Short water transit times determine the fate of veterinary pharmaceuticals in lowland catchments.

Livestock animals are commonly treated with veterinary pharmaceuticals (VPs), and their residues often enter the environment through manure applied to soil. A fraction of these residues may be further transported to surface waters through intricate transport mechanisms. Here, we examine the temporal dynamics of VPs in lowland surface waters of an agricultural catchment in the Netherlands, utilizing information on VPs concentrations in manure (2015-2020) and surface water measurements collected in 2020.

Viscoelastic testing in patients with very rare bleeding disorders of secondary hemostasis, a scoping review.

Introduction: Very rare bleeding disorders (VRBDs) are hereditary disorders which cause increased risk of bleeding. In general, VRBDs consists of rare platelet function disorders, very rare coagulation factor deficiencies (other than Factor (F) VIII or FIX) and disorders of the fibrinolytic pathway. The rarity of these disorders along with the scarcity of specialized hemostasis laboratories capable to perform the necessary diagnostic tests, results in significant challenges in diagnosing and monitoring patients with VRBD.

Maternal sleep trajectories from preconception to postpartum in a population-based cohort: The Generation R next study.

Objectives: Sleep is known to change around pregnancy. Yet current studies often do not take into account the multidimensionality of sleep and its changes from preconception to postpartum. Therefore, this study aims to explore maternal multivariate sleep trajectory from preconception to 6 months postpartum and related determinants.

Enhancing reconstruction-based out-of-distribution detection in brain MRI with model and metric ensembles.

Background And Objective: Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for safely deploying automated medical image analysis systems, as abnormal patterns in images could hamper their performance. However, OOD detection in medical imaging remains an open challenge. In this study, we aim to optimize a reconstruction-based autoencoder specifically for OOD detection.

Improving central apnea detection in preterm infants: Neural network strategies and clinical impact.

Background And Objective: Preterm infants are characterized by immature cardiorespiratory systems and require continuous monitoring of physiological signals in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to assess their clinical condition and return alarms in critical situations. However, many alarms are false or clinically irrelevant, leading to alarm fatigue for nurses and clinicians. A particularly high false alarm rate is reported for central apneas (CAs), with precision as low as 0.

The nocebo effect in psychotherapy.

The nocebo effect, negative treatment outcomes arising from patient expectations, therapeutic context, or clinician communication, plays a possibly significant yet often underestimated role in psychotherapy. Drawing on recent empirical and theoretical contributions, possible mechanisms how nocebo effects occur and can be attenuated in psychotherapeutic practice are discussed. Nocebo effects may arise from therapist communication, previous treatment failures, adverse therapeutic dynamics, poorly managed expectations, social influences outside the therapy, or context factors elements such as waiting lists.

The epidemiology, clinical burden, and prevention of intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) related to surgically induced endometrial trauma: a systematic literature review and selective meta-analyses.

Background: Reproductive-age women with intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) following uterine surgery may be asymptomatic or may experience light or absent menstruation, infertility, preterm delivery, and/or peripartum hemorrhage. Understanding procedure- and technique-specific risks and the available evidence on the impact of surgical adjuvants is essential to the design of future research.

Objective And Rationale: While many systematic reviews have been published, most deal with singular aspects of the problem.

On the biomechanics of a novel L5-S1 posterior fixation system: A finite element study.

Low back pain is estimated to affect more than 70% of the population. Recently, interspinous posterior devices are gaining attention as a less invasive alternative to the traditional pedicle screw systems. However, since most of these devices are not suitable for the L5-S1 segment, the goals for this study are to design a tailored fixation system for the L5-S1 level and to study its effects on the degenerated spine.

Revealing the Neglected Role of Passivation Layers of Current Collectors for Solid-State Anode-Free Batteries.

Anode-free sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs), which eliminate the need for a lithium metal anode during fabrication, offer superior energy density, enhanced safety, and simplified manufacturing. Their performance is largely influenced by the interfacial properties of the current collectors. Although previous studies have investigated the degradation of sulfide electrolytes on commonly used copper (Cu) and stainless steel (SS) current collectors, the impact of spontaneously formed surface oxides, such as copper oxide (CuO/CuO) and chromium oxide (CrO), on interfacial stability remains underexplored.