Nanomedicine Solutions for Inhibiting Anastasis and Inducing Apoptosis to Mitigate Relapse in Treatment-Resistant Cancers.

Cancer is a leading cause of global mortality, significantly impacted by treatment resistance and the toxicity of conventional therapies like chemotherapy and radiation. Recent studies show that anastasis-the recovery of cells from near-death states-as a key mechanism promoting cancer relapse and apoptosis resistance. During anastasis, stress-induced caspase activation allows cancer cells to survive, increase chemoresistance, and enhance metastatic potential.

Synergistic modulation of p53-HMGB1 complex and its binding to DNA: The role of nanotechnology in overcoming cancer drug resistance; A literature review and in-silico analysis.

The interplay between the tumor suppressor protein p53 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is critical in cancer therapy, influencing responses to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Despite the significance of these interactions, the relationship between these factors in treatment remains inadequately explored, underscoring the urgent need for further investigation. Hence, this review elucidates the mechanisms by which p53 and HMGB1 modulate cellular stress responses, apoptosis, and autophagy, highlighting their roles in multidrug resistance (MDR).

Comparative insight: hereditary colorectal cancer registries in Iran, Singapore, and South Africa.

This study compares three hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) registries-the Iranian Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Registry (IHCCR), the Singapore Polyposis Registry (SPR), and the University of Cape Town Familial CRC Registry-to illuminate diverse approaches to identification, management, and research across different healthcare systems. Each registry, while emphasizing patient diversity, employed unique strategies reflecting available resources and epidemiological contexts. The IHCCR, leveraging WES, revealed considerable genetic heterogeneity, including novel mutations.

A review: recent developments of co-targeted TRK (tropomyosin receptor kinases) inhibitors for cancer therapy.

Multi-targeted agents can sequentially act on two or more targets, leading to synergistic and more effective therapeutic effects against several complicated disorders, containing cancer, even with relatively modest action. The TRKs (tropomyosin receptor kinases) are confirmed as promising targets in anti-tumor drug discovery. Over the past 20 years, many small molecules TRK inhibitors have been identified, that some of them are being investigated in various clinical phases.

Utilizing Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and Hybrid Classification for Gastrointestinal Disease Diagnosis from Capsule Endoscopy Images.

Background: Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) is the gold standard for painless and sedation-free visualization of the Gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, reviewing WCE video files, which often exceed 60,000 frames, can be labor-intensive and may result in overlooking critical frames. A proficient diagnostic system should offer gastroenterologists high sensitivity and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) to enhance diagnostic accuracy.

Mesenchymal stem cells in clinical trials for multiple sclerosis: A systematic literature review and review of clinical trials.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, leading to neurodegeneration and disability. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has emerged as a promising approach due to its immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties.

Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS).

A Case of Progressive Flaccid Quadriparesis in a Young Woman: Diagnostic Pitfalls and the Role of Backward Reasoning.

A 19-year-old woman presented with acute progressive generalized limb weakness and inability to ambulate, after a recent upper respiratory tract infection. Given the flaccid quadriparesis and preceding infection, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) was initially considered. This case aims to illustrate the diagnostic challenges and the critical role of backward reasoning in differentiating GBS mimickers.

Psychometric assessment of the attitude towards menopause checklist: A Persian version.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Attitude Toward Menopause (ATM) Checklist within the Iranian cultural context. Data were collected in 2017 from a total of 700 postmenopausal women residing in Semnan and Khorasan Razavi provinces. Content validity was assessed by a panel of eight experts using the Lawshe method and Content Validity Index (CVI), resulting in the elimination of 11 items that did not meet the required thresholds.

A Comparative Study of Subcutaneous Connective Tissue Reaction to A Novel Calcium Silicate Based Cement, Biodentine and CEM Cement.

This study aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility of newly synthesised cement (Nanodentin) in comparison with Biodentine and CEM cement. The cements were implanted in rat skin and tissue reactions were assessed after 7, 30 and 60 days. H&E staining was used to measure the inflammatory response, the number of inflammatory cells and the presence of necrosis.

Deep learning in Oral Lichen Planus diagnosis: a systematic review of clinical image-based detection approaches.

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the diagnostic performance of deep learning models in detecting Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) using clinical photographs.

Study Design: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and included studies utilizing deep learning architectures (e.g.

Effect of a Medication Decision Support System on Albumin Prescribing: A Pre-post Study in Intensive Care Units of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran.

Objective: Medication Decision Support Systems (MDSS) are increasingly integrated into hospital information systems to reduce prescribing errors and enhance evidence-based clinical decision-making. This study evaluates the effect of MDSS implementation on albumin prescribing in two intensive care units (ICUs) at Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran.

Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-post design was applied.

Resveratrol as a naturally occurring inflammasome modulator: Implications for health and disease.

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of diverse diseases, ranging from chronic disorders to acute inflammatory responses. Inflammasome, a multiprotein complex that controls the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and initiates immunological responses, has emerged as a critical regulator of inflammation. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic substance present in grapes, berries, and peanuts, has drawn significant attention due to its potential health benefits.

Repurposing Artrestan (Sacubitril/Valsartan), unveiling its anti-inflammatory and fibrinolytic properties in ulcerative colitis in rats.

Objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disorder that is managed with various treatments, which have varying degrees of effectiveness and side effects, highlighting the need for new and more effective alternatives. In this study, we applied Artrestan (Sacubitrol/Valsartan), which has potent anti-inflammatory properties, alone or in combination with mesalazine, in the treatment of UC animal models.

Materials And Methods: Thirty male rats were randomly divided into control, colitis, Artrestan (60 mg/kg/day), mesalazine (100 mg/kg/day), and Artrestan plus mesalazine groups.

Evaluation of Cherenkov-induced photodynamic therapy of biohybrid photosensitive graphene oxide nanoplatform in cervical cancer cells.

Objectives: During radiotherapy, weak photons of Cherenkov radiation are generated, which can cause a relative increase in tumor resistance and cause errors in the radiotherapy treatment planning process. In this study, we used a photosensitive biohybrid graphene oxide nanostructure (GO-BSA-CTAB-PpIX) to maximize the absorption of Cherenkov photons in a broader range of emission wavelengths in order to create the induced photodynamic effect resulting from Cherenkov radiation.

Materials And Methods: TIn the first stage, after the synthesis and surface activation of the graphene oxide nanostructure by EDC, NHS, and albumin, its conjugation process with PpIX was performed.

Opportunities and Threats of E-Learning in Nursing Education: An Overview of Reviews.

Introduction: E-learning is increasingly replacing traditional methods in medical science education. The main purpose of this study is to identify opportunities, threats and required components of E-learning in nursing education.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, searching Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, and SID, Irandoc, and Magiran databases without time or language restrictions.

Evaluating the association of ischemic ECG changes and CBC parameters in normal population.

Background: Finding the relation between complete blood count (CBC) parameters and ischemic electrocardiogram (ECG) changes among a large normal population, for the first time.

Methods: Participants of the first phase of the MASHAD cohort study were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Twelve-lead ECGs were taken from participants.

Augmented reality for training on commonly missed extremity fractures: a study on the efficacy of technology-enhanced health professions education in learning outcomes and experience.

Introduction: Augmented Reality (AR) has emerged as a transformative tool in health professions education, offering immersive and interactive learning experiences. This study aimed to develop and evaluate VASHA, a handheld AR application for training physicians and radiologic technicians in recognizing commonly missed fractures in extremities.

Methods: A mobile AR-based training application was developed to teach six commonly missed fractures, including the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint, cubitus (elbow) joint, radiocarpal (wrist) joint, acetabulofemoral (hip) joint, tibiofemoral (knee) joint, and talocrural (ankle) joint.

Retinal Imaging and Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Techniques for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven analysis of retinal images holds promise for noninvasive, early detection of neurodegenerative disorders. We conducted a prospectively registered systematic review and meta‑analysis to quantify diagnostic accuracy of AI‑assisted retinal imaging across Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and related conditions.

Methods: We searched six databases for studies (2010-2024) employing AI/ML models for binary classification of neurodegenerative disease versus healthy controls.

Educational use of patient-specific 3D-printed models in dental operative procedures: enhancing clinical training through technology.

Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has revolutionized medical and dental education by enabling patient-specific surgical simulations. This study examined postgraduate students' perceptions of using patient-specific 3D-printed technology in hands-on training.

Methods: A structured training program at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran, involved 24 postgraduate periodontics and implantology students.

Comparative evaluation of large language models performance in medical education using urinary system histology assessment.

Large language models (LLMs) show potential for medical education, but their domain-specific capabilities need systematic evaluation. This study presents a comparative assessment of thirteen LLMs in urinary system histology education. Using a multi-dimensional framework, we evaluated models across two tasks: answering 65 validated multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and generating clinical scenarios with assessment items.

The impact of clinical simulation on bridging the theory-practice gap in nursing education: a systematic review.

Background: Bridging the gap between theoretical instruction and practical competence remains a central challenge in nursing education. Nursing students often struggle to transfer classroom-acquired knowledge into real-world clinical environments, resulting in decreased confidence, impaired decision-making, and compromised patient care. Clinical simulation has emerged as a promising pedagogical tool to address this longstanding theory-practice gap by recreating realistic scenarios in a controlled setting.

Circular RNAs and Cancers.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a recently discovered type of endogenous RNA molecules that are formed through the back-splicing process of exons in precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs), resulting in a unique covalently closed circular structure. CircRNAs are just beginning to be acknowledged for their roles as microRNA sponges and protein scaffolds, their ability to regulate transcription and splicing, and their occasional use as templates for polypeptide synthesis. However, the exploration of their functions is still in its early stages.