Chronic kidney disease and incident cancer risk: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: Studies examining the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with cancer risk have demonstrated conflicting results.

Methods: This was an individual participant data meta-analysis including 54 international cohorts contributing to the CKD Prognosis Consortium. Included cohorts had data on albuminuria [urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)], estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), overall and site-specific cancer incidence, and established risk factors for cancer.

The European Reference Network eUROGEN, an interview by the Journal of Pediatric Urology.

The European Reference Networks (ERNs) initiative was started by the European Commission. The initiative was launched in 2017 in response to the 2011 EU Directive on Cross-Border Healthcare (Directive 2011/24/EU), which emphasized the need to improve healthcare for patients with rare diseases and complex conditions across the European Union. Currently, 24 ERNs are available for rare diseases.

Optimizing timing and dose of exogenous melatonin administration in neuropsychiatric pediatric populations: a meta-analysis on sleep outcomes.

Melatonin is known to be effective in improving sleep in pediatric patients affected by neurological and psychiatric conditions. However, no guidelines exist advising the most effective treatment schedule. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the dose, time of administration and treatment duration associated with the maximal treatment efficacy.

A prospective study of physical activity in full-term pregnant women and its effect on pregnancy outcomes.

Background: The effects of physical activity (PA), especially brisk walking, on labor outcomes and pregnancy health have not been clearly established. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PA and cervical ripeness and pregnancy outcomes in term pregnant women.

Basic Procedures: A prospective cohort study was conducted with 52 pregnant women (30.

A systematic review on volumetric analysis in orbital MRI.

Aim: Volumetric analysis of orbital soft tissues using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers valuable diagnostic and pathophysiological insights into orbital inflammation, trauma, and tumors. However, the optimal MRI protocols and post-processing methods for specific conditions remain unclear.

Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for all studies published before November 2024.

Qdenga-induced dengue caused by minor DENV-2 subvariant(s) in the vaccine, with two amino acid substitutions in the E protein.

We describe a Qdenga-induced DENV-2-infection in a Swedish traveler. Comparative sequencing suggests that the vaccine contained a small fraction of identical virus as detected in the patient, suggesting a selection of a DENV-2-substrain with unusual amino acid substitutions. Further research on selection of, and possible effects of, Qdenga-substrain-infections is warranted.

Evaluating distant recurrence-free survival and location of metastasis in HER2+ breast cancer by ER status.

Prognostic factors, such as the Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2) and Estrogen Receptor (ER) influence distant recurrence-free survival (RFS) in breast cancer. This study aims to evaluate the interaction between HER2 and ER status with RFS, and if that interaction influences where the metastasis is located. To do this, we used a study population of all women diagnosed with non-metastatic, invasive breast cancer in Stockholm from 2007 to 2020.

Subclinical hypomania, psychiatric and neurodevelopmental diagnoses: phenotypic and aetiological overlap.

Background: Subclinical hypomanic symptoms are fairly common in the general population but are linked to psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions. However, the genetic and environmental origins of these associations are unclear. This twin study examined the phenotypic and aetiological associations between subclinical hypomania and psychiatric and neurodevelopmental diagnoses.

Metabolic Profiling Reveals a Glycolytic Shift and an IRG1/Itaconate/NF2L2 Axis Regulating Neurotoxic Oxidative Stress in Inflammatory Microglia.

Polar metabolic profiling, as well as bioenergetic assays, were used to characterize microglial responses to lipopolysaccharide, which induces a pro-inflammatory state, and interleukin-4, which is associated with an anti-inflammatory phenotype. BV2 microglial cells and primary microglia were used for these investigations. Results revealed that lipopolysaccharide-treated microglia exhibited an increased aerobic glycolytic activity measured by extracellular flux analysis, accompanied by increased levels of endogenous itaconate, a metabolite produced by the IRG1 enzyme.

Polypill in heart failure: a pathway to simplified treatment and improved adherence and outcomes.

Heart failure (HF) remains a global health challenge that imposes significant clinical and economic burden. Treatment adherence to guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) remains a major challenge in the management of HF, despite the availability of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). Polypharmacy and regimen complexity contribute to poor adherence, particularly among older adults and in resource-limited settings.

Differences in emotion regulation components underlie the sexual orientation disparity in depressive symptoms: a prospective, Population-based study of young adults.

Purpose: Hatzenbuehler's psychological mediation framework proposes that difficulties in emotion regulation (ER), which are driven in part by excess exposure to stigma-related experiences, contribute to sexual orientation-related mental health disparities. However, existing research on the framework has largely focused on a small number of ER variables in non-probability samples.

Methods: To address these limitations, we examined whether a large complement of ER components mediates the prospective association between sexual minority status and depressive symptoms, using longitudinal data from a population-based sample of 1,208 Swedish young adults (aged 18-35).

Evaluation of Visual Feedback for f and SPL in Subglottal Pressure Measurements-A Methodological Study.

Objective: Subglottal pressure is a clinically relevant parameter for assessment of voice disorders and correlates to f and sound pressure level (SPL). The aim of the current study was to evaluate the use of a visual target for feedback of f and SPL in subglottal pressure measurements in habitual voice and at phonation threshold level with a syllable string and a phrase for the purpose of improving the reliability of subglottal pressure measurements.

Methods: Data from 12 vocally healthy women (29-61 years) was analyzed.

ERS/EULAR clinical practice guidelines for connective tissue diseases associated interstitial lung disease.

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent manifestation of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Clinical practice guidelines to standardise screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up for CTD-ILD are of high importance for optimised patient care.

Methods: A European Respiratory Society and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology task force committee, composed of pulmonologists, rheumatologists, pathologists, radiologists, methodologists and patient representatives, developed recommendations based on PICO (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) questions with grading of the evidence according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) methodology and complementary narrative questions agreed on by both societies.

Clinical and Biofluid Biomarkers of Sleep Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder with an increasing prevalence worldwide. The development of disease-modifying therapies remains a critical priority; however, early intervention is limited by the paucity of robust biomarkers for the prodromal stage. Sleep disturbances-particularly isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD)-are emerging as key clinical markers of prodromal synucleinopathy, offering opportunities for early detection and risk stratification.

Correlations between surface marker patterns in meningiomas, prognosis and location.

Background: Meningiomas exhibit considerable phenotypic variation within each WHO grade, thus additional markers are needed to identify prognostically relevant subgroups and optimize long-term management. Among biomarkers, genetic signatures correlate with prognoses. High Ki-67 proliferation indices and TERT promotor mutations and loss of CDKNA are known prognostic markers.

Trends In Reported Outcomes For Growth Hormone Therapy In Children With Growth Hormone Deficiency.

Objective: To understand the frequency and trends in reported outcomes of safety and effectiveness for recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy for growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in childhood.

Methods: A systematic review was performed in seven English and Chinese language databases. Eligibility criteria included all studies published between 2003 and 2022, with participants who started rhGH before the age of 16 years for GHD.

Conserved and distinct expression of circular RNAs in commercially used Marek's disease vaccine viruses.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed RNA molecules, supporting a wide diversity of functions. While aberrant circRNA expression stands as a recognized hallmark of cancer development, our attention has turned to investigating their role in viral infections, specifically (GaHV-2, Marek's disease virus) infection. In a previous study focused on the virulent GaHV-2 strain, RB-1B, we extensively catalogued circRNAs produced from virulence genes, notably from the MEQ-vIL-8 and the latency-associated transcripts (LATs) gene.

How do I implement a whole blood program with low blood wastage?

Background: The use of low-titer O whole blood (LTOWB) is requested in the treatment of major bleeding, initially used in military medicine but now increasingly utilized in civilian prehospital care. The advantage is the administration of a balanced transfusion, red blood cells, coagulation factors, and platelets, in one bag. The challenges are the availability of LTOWB and difficulties in predicting the need in major bleeding, leading to the risk of wastage.

Prehospital Treatment With Dried Plasma in Patients With Major Bleeding-A Prospective Randomised Controlled Multicentre Trial: Statistical Analysis Protocol.

Background: Major haemorrhage remains one of the most preventable causes of early death in prehospital care. While prehospital administration of plasma has shown potential to improve survival, logistical challenges limit its use outside hospitals. Dried plasma offers a practical solution, particularly in rural or remote environments.

Genetically determined body mass index is associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in polygenic and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Obesity has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between genetically determined adiposity and four common NHL subtypes: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and marginal zone lymphoma, using eight genome-wide association studies of European ancestry (N = 10,629 cases, 9505 controls) and constructing polygenic scores for body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI). Higher genetically determined BMI was associated with an increased risk of DLBCL [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 1.

The hidden price of food allergy: Understanding the social and financial burdens on families.

Food plays a unique role in culture and identity. For families managing food allergy, the role of food is complex and juxtaposed against the need to avoid known allergens, lest they risk an accidental exposure. While avoidance is simple in its instruction, the hidden prices of food allergy, namely the social and financial burdens on families, are substantial and fluid across the lifespan and in an era of rapid change in food allergy management and therapy.