Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Associated Health Risks Awareness Among University Students in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is linked to various health risks, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. University students are particularly vulnerable due to lifestyle factors and high consumption patterns. This cross-sectional survey examined SSB consumption patterns, sugar intake, and awareness of health risks among Kuwait University students.

Heat shock protein D1 is up-regulated in various types of canine mammary tumors.

Background: Mammary tumors are the most common tumors in female dogs. An early diagnosis makes the treatment easier.

Aims: The present study aimed to assess heat shock protein D1 (HSPD1) expression in canine mammary tumors.

Alteration in oxidative/nitrosative disparity and nephroprotective effect of hydroethanolic extract of L. in gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury.

Background: Antibacterial, antioxidant, and antilipidemic properties of are well known from previous studies. This study was designed to study the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant efficacy, nephroprotective activity, and immunomodulatory potential of hydroethanolic extract in gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) rat model.

Methods: extract was given for 8 days to gentamicin-induced toxicity (100 mg/kg) in rats.

Pathological and molecular findings associated with BRSV in cattle and buffaloes with pulmonary disease.

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is an important pathogen affecting the respiratory health of ruminants and causes pulmonary lesions with occasional systemic involvement. This study aimed to detect and characterize BRSV in susceptible hosts exhibiting clinical signs of respiratory distress and pulmonary lesions in Maharashtra, India. A total of 391 samples (295 lung tissues and 96 nasal swabs), were collected from cattle and buffaloes showing respiratory signs and pulmonary lesions.

Alteration in sperm mitochondrial membrane potential and antioxidant biomarkers in summer adversely affects Hampshire-Ghungroo crossbred boar semen fertility in sub-tropical climate.

In temperate regions, boars experience environmental heat stress due to the subtropical climate, leading to their semen quality and fertility being severely compromised compared to indigenous breeds. Considering the above effect, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of season on semen quality, seminal plasma antioxidant status, and fertility of crossbred boars of exotic (50%) and indigenous inheritance in a subtropical climate. A total of 14 Hampshire-Ghungroo crossbred boars were used for this investigation, which took place in both summer and winter.

Migratory Wave due to Conflicts: Risk of Increased Infection From Zoonotic Diseases.

Wars have devastating effects on all the components of the One Health approach: humans, animals, and ecosystems. Wars and the resulting migratory waves massively disrupt normal animal health services and surveillance. Among other consequences, they adversely impact the early detection, prevention, and control of animal diseases.

Scoping Review of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission Models.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) causes ~100,000 clinical cases and 25,000 deaths annually worldwide, mainly in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific and mostly in children. JEV is transmitted to humans through the bite of mosquitoes that have fed on competent hosts. Abiotic factors, such as seasonal rainfall, influence transmission.

Ceruminous Gland Tumors in Canines and Felines: A Scoping Review.

Ceruminous glands are specialized apocrine sweat glands. Neoplastic transformation of these glands is often seen in the external ear canal. Tumors arising from these glands can present a diagnostic dilemma because of their varied clinical and histological manifestations.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Insights into Isolates from Broilers and Their Handlers in Punjab, India.

, a common constituent of human and animal gut microbiota, has emerged as a significant pathogen due to its antimicrobial resistance (AMR) capabilities. This study investigates AMR profiles, virulence factors, and genetic diversity of isolates from broiler farms in Ludhiana, Punjab, India, to explore transmission dynamics between poultry and handlers. A total of 240 samples were collected from 20 farms, comprising 200 broiler droppings, 34 hand swabs from poultry handlers, and 6 human stool samples.

Assessing Psychology of Dairy Farmers Toward Animal Welfare and Management in Haryana State, India: A Knowledge Investigation.

The study employed a tailored questionnaire to assess the knowledge and attitudes of dairy farmers. Over a period of one and a half years, from March 2022 to August 2023, dairy farmers were interviewed using conventional survey methods or via Google-based or hard copy questionnaires. A diverse sample of Indian farmers, totaling 126 farmers, encompassing marginal, small, medium, and large-scale farmers, participated in the survey.

Peptides From Animal and Fishery Byproducts: Uplifting the Functionality of Fifth Quarter.

The meat and fish sectors are primary sources of animal protein for human consumption. However, they also generate large volumes of byproducts and organic waste annually, posing major challenges in terms of sustainable disposal. These byproducts have the potential to be repurposed into high-value, low-volume products, such as bioactive peptides or hydrolysates.

A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 Regulates Ephrin B2-Mediated Endothelial Cell Sprouting and Ischemic Retinopathy.

Retinal neovascularization is the leading cause of visual impairment in diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, and age-related macular degeneration. The extracellular matrix breakdown by metalloproteinase leads to vascular complications in various proliferative retinopathies. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) is involved in physiological angiogenesis.

Prevalence of BK virus and BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis in stem cell transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The BK virus (BKV) commonly affects stem cell transplant (SCT) patients and can lead to hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), a serious condition that negatively impacts patient health. This study reviews the frequency of BKV infections in SCT patients, particularly those who develop HC.

Methods: We searched Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase up to August 10, 2024, to identify relevant articles focusing on the prevalence of BKV-related hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in stem cell transplant (SCT) patients.

Exploring the antimicrobial potential of lactobacilli against early-stage and mature biofilms of and .

Bacterial biofilms are dynamic, complex, and very adaptive, and they can cause health problems in both humans and animals while also posing a serious threat to various industries. This study explores the potential of cell-free preparations of lactobacilli isolated from breast milk (HM; n = 11) and infant fecal (IF; n = 15) samples to impact the growth of and biofilms. The anti-biofilm activity of three distinct cell-free preparations, namely, untreated cell-free supernatant (CFS), pH-neutralized CFS (N-CFS), and heat-treated CFS (H-CFS), was examined against both early-stage and mature biofilms.

QTL mapping and candidate gene identification for fodder quality traits in Pearl millet.

Background: Pearl millet is an excellent forage crop with significant potential for forage production. Its fodder is rich in protein, calcium, phosphorus and other essential minerals while being low in undesirable components such as hydrocyanic acid and oxalic acid. Globally, the shortage of high-quality fodder poses challenges for maintaining animal health and productivity, ultimately impacting dairy farmers.

Detection of tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacterial species in trans-tracheal washes of cattle and buffaloes with respiratory distress.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonotic disease that affects domestic and wild animals, including livestock. The purpose of the study was to detect tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacterial species from buffaloes and cattle with respiratory signs and positive intradermal tuberculin test. Eighteen trans-tracheal washes (TTW) were obtained from buffaloes (n = 5) and cattle (n = 13) with respiratory distress.

Effect of additional intracervical prostaglandin administration on cervical dilatation during incomplete cervical dilatation in uterine torsion corrected buffaloes.

Present study investigated the efficacy of additional intracervical (IC) prostaglandin (PG; cloprostenol sodium-500 μg) administration in buffaloes experiencing incomplete cervical dilatation (ICD) after uterine torsion correction. Twenty-two buffaloes in first stage of labor with soft to partially lobulated external-os post-torsion correction, with mean age: 7.0 ± 0.

Developmental competence of ovum pick up derived Sahiwal cow oocytes in maturation media supplemented with cysteamine and melatonin.

Antioxidants, cysteamine and melatonin, have an important role on mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM), in vitro nuclear maturation and developmental competence of oocytes. A comprehensive study was planned to investigate the effect of cysteamine 50 µM and melatonin 10 mol L as antioxidants on ΔΨM, in vitro nuclear maturation and developmental competence of ovum pick up (OPU) derived Sahiwal Cow oocytes. Culturable grade OPU derived Sahiwal oocytes were divided in to three in vitro maturation groups cultured in TCM-199 supplemented with cysteamine 50 µM, melatonin 10 mol L and TCM-199 alone, for assessing nuclear maturation by Lamin/ DAPI and developmental competence of oocytes.

Application of functional ingredients in meat products for appetite regulation: A promising strategy to address overconsumption.

Functional meat products to reduce appetite is a feasible approach to decreasing meat consumption, especially in the current global pandemic of overweight and sustainability issues in meat production. The meat itself is highly satiating because of its high protein content. Dietary fibre and plant protein, both naturally occurring macromolecular compounds with appetite-suppressant properties, work synergistically with the meat itself to create a feeling of fullness.

The Role of Active Packaging in the Defense Against Foodborne Pathogens with Particular Attention to Bacteriophages.

The increasing demand for food safety and the need to combat emerging foodborne pathogens have driven the development of innovative packaging solutions. Active packaging, particularly those incorporating antimicrobial agents, has emerged as a promising approach to enhance food preservation and safety. Among these agents, bacteriophages (phages) have gained significant attention due to their specificity, efficacy, and natural origin.

A Pilot Field Evaluation of Dietary Ginger Effects on Immunity, Blood Metabolic Profile, and Disease Resistance in Under Semi-Intensive Farming.

A feeding trial was conducted for 120 days in a pilot field condition to evaluate ginger powder (GP; ) as a feed supplement for to improve immunity, blood metabolic profile, and resistance to bacterial infection. The study was conducted following a complete randomized design in outdoor cemented tanks (20 m) with a stocking density of 30 fish (average weight: 20.5 g) per tank.

Assessment of the chemical pre-treatment methods for the delignification of sugarcane bagasse.

For the extraction of sugars and their subsequent conversion into ethanol, removing lignin from sugarcane bagasse is a major challenge attributed to its recalcitrant nature. This study compares the efficacy of green deep eutectic solvents with conventional acid/alkali pre-treatments for the delignification of sugarcane bagasse. Among different deep eutectic solvent pre-treatments, the maximum removal of lignin i.

Epidemiology of caprine gastrointestinal nematodes and associated efficacy of anthelmintic drugs in Punjab districts, India.

Gastrointestinal parasites pose a serious threat to sustainable small ruminant farming worldwide including Indian subcontinent and the control primarily relies on administration of anthelmintic drugs. A continuous surveillance regarding their distribution and efficacy of commonly used anthelmintics is essential for their effective control in a region. In the present study, faecal samples (n = 1962) were collected from goats of 17 districts of Punjab state, India and examined by qualitative and quantitative examination methodologies.

Quercetin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for enhanced anti-helminthic activity.

Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, exhibits various anti-carcinogenic, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory properties, and anti-helminthic properties. Still, a major portion of orally administered quercetin is metabolized in the intestine and only little amount get absorbed in the portal veins, attributing to its poor bioavailability. The lipid content of food increases the solubility, which inspired us to fabricate lipid-based nanoparticles that will be biocompatible, orally administrable, and enhance the effectiveness of quercetin in hosts.

Codon usage analysis in selected virulence genes of Staphylococcal species.

The Staphylococcus genus, composed of Gram-positive bacteria, includes several pathogenic species such as Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, and S.