Complete mitochondrial genome of Labeo fimbriatus (fringe-lipped carp) and insights into its evolutionary relationships within the genus Labeo.

Background: Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch, 1795) is a medium-sized South Asian minor carp with ecological significance and emerging aquaculture potential, particularly in polyculture systems with Indian major carps. Despite its wide distribution, it remains underrepresented in phylogenetic studies, and limited genomic resources are available. Here, we report the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of L.

Chemotherapy-induced alterations in miRNA expression and their prognostic implications in ovarian cancer.

Introduction: Ovarian cancer has a high mortality rate due to late diagnosis, relapse and chemoresistance. miRNAs play a major role in tumorigenesis as well as chemoresistance. Hence, we undertook a study, to evaluate the differential expression of miRNAs in clinical specimens of ovarian cancer patients that may highlight the effect of chemotherapy and their role in predicting survival outcomes.

Advances in Nanotechnology for Targeted Drug Delivery in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and hallmark pathological features, such as amyloid-beta plaques and tau protein tangles. Despite substantial research, current therapeutic strategies remain primarily symptomatic, with limited success in preventing or reversing disease progression. One major challenge is the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), which restricts the delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain.

Multiscale feature tuned trans-DeepLabV3+ based semantic segmentation of aerial images using improved red piranha optimization algorithm.

The use of higher-resolution spatial aerial images for semantic segmentation in everyday tasks has increased due to recent advancements in remote sensing and several other applications. Nonetheless, supervised learning necessitates a substantial quantity of images with pixel-level labeling. Currently, available techniques, which are mostly Deep Semantic Segmentation Networks (DSSN), might not be appropriate for application domains with a dearth of labels containing targeted masks of outputs.

Threatened Vultures of India: Population, Ecology, and Conservation.

The objective of this review is to assess the population status, ecology, and conservation efforts for threatened, that includes critically endangered, endangered and vulnerable vulture species in India. Vultures are integral to ecosystem health, functioning as natural scavengers by consuming carcasses and preventing the spread of infectious diseases to humans and other animals. India is home to nine vulture species, of which four are critically endangered, one is endangered, three are near-threatened, and one is of least concern according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Structurally Strained Red-BODIPYs for High-Color-Purity Organic Light Emitting Diodes.

Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) fluorescent molecules are known for their high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and narrow emission. However, achieving proper deep-red narrow emission that meets BT2020 standards, along with a high PLQY, remains a critical task till date. Herein, we demonstrate the development of four red fluorescent emitters, namely, DBF-BODIPY, DFP-BODIPY, TFP-BODIPY, and PFP-BODIPY, by substituting dibenzofuranyl and fluorophenyl units at the -position of BODIPY respectively.

Desmoglein 1 and 3 as potential markers of occult lymph node metastasis in oral cancer.

Objectives: The majority of oral cancers are oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). The successful management of OSCC depends on early detection, timely intervention, and prevention of distant metastasis. Metastasis is an important aspect of OSCC-related deaths.

Efficacy and tolerability of magnesium sulfate in children with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Several trials and clinical studies have explored the efficacy and safety of magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) in children with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS). However, no systematic review has been conducted to synthesize the available evidence.

Methods: This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of MgSO₄ in children with IESS.

Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy Versus Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy in Head and Neck Cancers: A Comparative Analysis of Compliance, Toxicities and Dosimetric Parameters.

Introduction Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is now a standard technique to treat head and neck cancers. Another advanced technique - volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) - is gaining popularity due to rapid treatment delivery, which allows patient comfort and reduced intrafraction motion. The present study aims to compare the compliance, dosimetric parameters and acute toxicities between both techniques in head and neck cancer patients.

Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinases Signature as Biomarkers for Pediatric Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

Diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in children presents significant challenges, necessitating the identification of reliable biomarkers for accurate diagnosis. In this study, we investigated plasma matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) as potential diagnostic markers. A prospective case-control study involved 167 children classified into confirmed TB, unconfirmed TB, and unlikely TB control groups.

Do bulls experience pain or stress during electroejaculation? Evidence from electroencephalography, behavioral, hormonal, and metabolite profiling.

Background And Aim: Electroejaculation (EE) is widely used for semen collection in bulls but raises concerns about animal welfare due to potential pain and stress. The physiological impact of EE on bulls remains a topic of debate, with previous studies yielding inconclusive results. This study aims to objectively evaluate pain and stress responses in bulls subjected to EE using electroencephalography (EEG) alongside hormonal, behavioral, and metabolite profiling.

Genome-scale metabolic modelling identifies reactions mediated by SNP-SNP interactions associated with yeast sporulation.

Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) are powerful tools used to understand the functional effects of genetic variants. However, the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in transcription factors and their interactions on metabolic fluxes remains largely unexplored. Using gene expression data from a yeast allele replacement panel grown during sporulation, we constructed co-expression networks and SNP-specific GEMs.

Acute-phase proteins as biomarkers of inflammation in HIV patients with latent tuberculosis: a prospective study.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains the primary cause of death among individuals infected with HIV, increasing the risk of contracting TB by up to 26 times. This co-infection complicates the diagnosis and treatment of TB, ultimately affecting outcomes adversely. Acute-phase proteins (APPs), markers of inflammation, are significantly elevated during infections and serve as critical indicators of inflammation resulting from infectious diseases.

Assessment of Water, Sediment, and Fish Contamination by Metals in the Lentic Ecosystems of a Mineral-Rich State in India.

Jharkhand is a mineral-rich state and there are many possibilities in pisciculture. Fish is the staple food of Jharkhand because of its nutritional values. In the present study, water, sediment, and the most favorite fish species (Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala, Cyprinus carpio, and Ctenopharyngodon idella) were collected from the lentic reservoirs and analyzed for assessing the ecological and human health risk assessment.

Neurogenesis drives hippocampal formation-wide spatial transcription alterations in health and Alzheimer's disease.

The mechanism by which neurogenesis regulates the profile of neurons and glia in the hippocampal formation is not known. Further, the effect of neurogenesis on neuronal vulnerability characterizing the entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unknown. Here, we used sequencing to investigate the spatial transcription profile of neurons and glia in the hippocampal circuitry in wild-type mice and in familial AD (FAD) mice expressing varying levels of neurogenesis.

Ceruminous Gland Tumors in Canines and Felines: A Scoping Review.

Ceruminous glands are specialized apocrine sweat glands. Neoplastic transformation of these glands is often seen in the external ear canal. Tumors arising from these glands can present a diagnostic dilemma because of their varied clinical and histological manifestations.

The pattern of visual impairment in the spectrum of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between visual impairment, social maturity, and clinical severity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in the Indian population.

Methods: An observational study was conducted in children with HIE sequelae aged between 6 months and 5 years. Sixty diagnosed cases of perinatal HIE were recruited, with twenty children in each of clinical grades 1, 2, and 3 according to the Sarnat clinical staging.

Peptides From Animal and Fishery Byproducts: Uplifting the Functionality of Fifth Quarter.

The meat and fish sectors are primary sources of animal protein for human consumption. However, they also generate large volumes of byproducts and organic waste annually, posing major challenges in terms of sustainable disposal. These byproducts have the potential to be repurposed into high-value, low-volume products, such as bioactive peptides or hydrolysates.

Seasonal patterns of air pollution in Delhi: interplay between meteorological conditions and emission sources.

Air pollution (AP) poses a significant public health risk, particularly in developing countries, where it contributes to a growing prevalence of health issues. This study investigates seasonal variations in key air pollutants, including particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide (NO), sulfur dioxide (SO), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O), in New Delhi during 2024. Utilizing Sentinel-5 satellite data processed through the Google earth engine (GEE), a cloud-based geospatial analysis platform, the study evaluates pollutant dynamics during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons.

Channa nachi, a new species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Meghalaya, Northeast India.

Channa nachi, a new species of snakehead from Meghalaya, Northeast India, is distinguished from its congeners by a creamish-yellow to pale-brown coloured anterior and bluish posterior half of body; sides with 10-12 obliquely-arranged, pale-brown, saddle-like bands; translucent orange pectoral fin with 2-3 faint orange or brown bands; and with a COI genetic divergence of 9.7-20.0%.

Integration of the fluorescence based portable device with the AI tools for the real-time monitoring of oral mucosal lesions.

There is a need for non-invasive, sensitive, real-time, and user-friendly optical devices integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) based tools for the detection of oral mucosal lesions at early stage. Research on the development of optical devices has been executed by several research groups for the cancer detection and it is still being continued. We have also contributed towards it by developing a steady- state fluorescence-based portable device.

Application of functional ingredients in meat products for appetite regulation: A promising strategy to address overconsumption.

Functional meat products to reduce appetite is a feasible approach to decreasing meat consumption, especially in the current global pandemic of overweight and sustainability issues in meat production. The meat itself is highly satiating because of its high protein content. Dietary fibre and plant protein, both naturally occurring macromolecular compounds with appetite-suppressant properties, work synergistically with the meat itself to create a feeling of fullness.

The Role of Active Packaging in the Defense Against Foodborne Pathogens with Particular Attention to Bacteriophages.

The increasing demand for food safety and the need to combat emerging foodborne pathogens have driven the development of innovative packaging solutions. Active packaging, particularly those incorporating antimicrobial agents, has emerged as a promising approach to enhance food preservation and safety. Among these agents, bacteriophages (phages) have gained significant attention due to their specificity, efficacy, and natural origin.

Unveiling the Correlation between Defects and High Mobility in MoS Monolayers.

Defects in semiconductors play a crucial role in modifying their electronic structure and transport properties. In transition metal dichalcogenides, atomic chalcogen vacancies are a primary source of intrinsic defects. While the impact of these vacancies on electrical transport has been widely studied, their exact role remains not fully understood.