Conventional versus advanced imaging selection for endovascular treatment of basilar artery occlusion strokes.

Introduction: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is an effective treatment for basilar artery occlusion (BAO) stroke in select patients. While there is a growing body of literature suggesting that advanced imaging modalities such as computed tomography perfusion (CTP) and magnetic resonance (MR) may not be necessary for selecting anterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke patients for EVT, whether advanced imaging may be superior to conventional imaging (non-contrast CT and CT angiography) in identifying good treatment candidates among BAO patients is less clear.

Patients And Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of BAO EVT patients treated from 2013 to 2022 in the Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry.

Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Healthy Adults and Exploration of Optimal Dosing Strategies.

Current dosing recommendations for piperacillin/tazobactam suggest adjustments only for patients with creatinine clearance (CrCl) below 40 mL/min, potentially neglecting the variability in drug exposure among patients with a CrCl greater than 40 mL/min. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for piperacillin/tazobactam and explore optimal dosage regimens tailored by renal function and pathogen susceptibility. : Twelve healthy adults received a single intravenous dose of piperacillin/tazobactam (4 g/0.

Privacy Protection in AI Transformation Environments: Focusing on Integrated Log System and AHP Scenario Prioritization.

Recent advancements in emerging technologies such as IoT and AI have driven digital innovation, while also accelerating the sophistication of cyberattacks and expanding the attack surface. In particular, inter-state cyber warfare, sophisticated ransomware threats, and insider-led personal data breaches have emerged as significant new security risks. In response, this study proposes a Privacy-Aware Integrated Log System model developed to mitigate diverse security threats.

Avenanthramide-C Mitigates High-Fat Diet-Accelerated Alzheimer's Pathologies via NOD1-Driven Neuroinflammation in 5×FAD Mice.

: Obesity is clinically known to be associated with an increased risk and aggravated pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A high-fat diet (HFD), the major contributor to obesity, induces neuroinflammation and central insulin resistance, both of which are linked to synaptic dysfunction. Our previous studies demonstrated that avenanthramide-C (Avn-C), a natural oat-derived phenolic compound, exerts anti-inflammatory effects and alleviates synaptic dysfunction in conventional AD models.

CNU395 and CNU396 Alleviate Cognition in Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment Mice.

This study aimed to evaluate whether probiotic administration could protect against cognitive impairments in a scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment mice model. Male C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks of age) were injected with scopolamine hydrobromide to induce memory impairments. The experimental groups were additionally supplemented with 10 colony-forming units (CFU)/day probiotics containing CNU395 or CNU396.

Lupus Anticoagulant Positivity as a Risk Marker for Hemolytic Anemia in Patients with APS.

: Thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia are common but non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). However, their relationship with specific immunological profiles remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to evaluate these hematologic manifestations and identify their serological associations in patients with APS.

High-Quality Targeted Temperature Management After Cardiac Arrest; Results from the Korean Hypothermia Network Prospective Registry.

Most out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors are comatose due to hypoxic ischemic brain injury. Targeted temperature management (TTM) is the only evidence-based neuroprotective intervention for this condition; however, the optimal implementation of TTM has yet to be determined. The concept of high-quality TTM has been proposed to improve patient outcomes, but its clinical impact has not been thoroughly evaluated.

NOD2 Promotes Glioblastoma Progression Through Effects on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stemness.

: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents one of the most aggressive and lethal primary brain malignancies, characterized by rapid proliferation, extensive invasiveness, and a dismal prognosis. Emerging evidence implicates nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (), an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, as a potential driver of GBM progression. This study investigates NOD2's role in promoting glioblastoma through its effects on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell (CSC) markers.

Cumulative Low-Dose-Rate Radiation Induces Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Fibrosis in Mouse Testis.

Ionizing radiation is a well-known environmental stressor capable of generating excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative damage in sensitive tissues, including the reproductive system. While oxidative stress is increasingly implicated in male reproductive dysfunction, the long-term effects of low-dose-rate (LDR) radiation on testicular structure and oxidative status remain underexplored. In this study, mice were exposed to continuous LDR radiation (0.

Clinical Relevance of Fractional Flow Reserve-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Interevention According to Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease.

Background: Fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided or angiography-guided complete revascularization has not been evaluated in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with multivessel disease and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). This study sought to evaluate the impact of FFR-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with AMI with multivessel disease according to left ventricular systolic function.

Methods: We performed a prespecified analysis of the FRAME-AMI (Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiography-Guided Strategy in Acute Myocardial Infarction With Multivessel Disease) trial, which randomly allocated 562 patients to undergo either FFR-guided PCI (FFR ≤0.

Comparing Lesion Volume Dynamics Between Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder During Remission Using Machine-Learning Segmentation.

Background And Purpose: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are inflammatory demyelinating conditions of the central nervous system that have distinct pathological mechanisms. There is a paucity of studies comparing the accumulation of subclinical lesions between MS and NMOSD, especially during the clinical remission period. Recent advances in neuroimaging techniques, those particularly involving the use of machine learning (ML) methods for lesion segmentation, have provided new opportunities to quantitatively assess the volumes of brain lesions and how they change over time.

Tenecteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Scientific Statement From the Korean Stroke Society.

Background And Purpose: Tenecteplase (TNK) is a promising alternative thrombolytic agent for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its potential use is being impeded by the lack of regulatory approval and reimbursement policies for TNK in AIS in many countries, including South Korea. To address this therapeutic gap, the Korean Stroke Society developed scientific statement intended to inform policy changes and support the introduction of TNK in regions where it is not yet accessible, with the aim of enabling AIS patients to benefit from this advancement in thrombolytic therapy.

Update of the Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines for Stroke: Blood Pressure Management.

Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke, and appropriate management of blood pressure (BP) is crucial for both prevention and treatment. Since the 2009 publication of the Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) by the Korean Stroke Society (KSS), significant advances have been made in BP management for stroke patients, particularly in cases involving intracerebral hemorrhage and in the context of endovascular reperfusion therapy for ischemic stroke. In light of recent evidence, the CPG Committee of the KSS initiated an update of the guidelines for BP management in acute stroke.

Lactobacillus sakei CVL-001 Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation Through TLR2 and GPCR-Dependent Pathways and Prevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a common bone disease characterized by bone loss due to the disruption of bone homeostasis caused by decreased estrogen levels. It is estimated that approximately one third of women over the age of 50 will experience osteoporosis in their lifetime. Therefore, developing functional foods or treatments that can be safely consumed to prevent bone disease is essential.

Anti-Müllerian hormone and antral follicle count as predictors for optimal selection of Hanwoo donor cows in superstimulated oocyte collection.

This study explored the correlation between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and reproductive efficiency in native Korean cattle (Hanwoo) as potential oocyte donors in ovum pick-up (OPU) programs. In an effort to enhance the efficiency of oocyte collection, this research explored the correlation between AMH levels and various factors, including the quantity of follicles, retrieved oocytes, and the proportion of transferable embryos. A total of 42 Hanwoo cows were included in this study with AMH levels ranging from 276.

Fertility and Early Embryonic Development Toxicity of hzVSF-v13 in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Humanized virus suppressing factor-variant 13 (hzVSF-v13), a monoclonal IgG4 antibody, is a potential therapeutic candidate for COVID-19. Although fertility and embryonic developmental toxicity studies are crucial for the safety evaluation of new drugs, the toxicological profile of hzVSF-v13 remains unexplored. This study was performed to assess its effects on general toxicity, fertility, and early embryonic development in Sprague-Dawley rats administered intravenously once weekly at doses of 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg.

Exploring the efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source according to stroke risk stratification: Propensity-score matched analysis.

Introduction: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is widely used for embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) despite limited evidence regarding its efficacy and safety. This study compared DAPT and single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) in patients with ESUS during hospitalization (first 7 days) and up to 30 days post-stroke, identifying subgroups that benefit most from DAPT.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 4,505 patients with ESUS enrolled in a multicenter registry from 2014 to 2019.

Distinct signaling mechanisms of constitutively active phytochromes A and B in regulating Arabidopsis seedling development.

Plant phytochromes are well-studied photoreceptors that sense red and far-red light, regulating photomorphogenic development. Molecular signaling mechanisms of phytochrome A (phyA) and phyB largely overlap, especially in regulation of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) and E3 ligase complexes composed of CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) and SUPPRESSORs OF phyA-105 (SPAs). However, the differences in their molecular signaling mechanisms remain unclear.

Mitigation of NH emission from pig house using a rice husk biochar column and fertilizer potential of collected biochar.

NH emissions have significant implications for ecosystems and human health. Pig houses are important sources of NH emissions. This study aimed to evaluate the NH adsorption capacity of rice husk biochar (RHB), its effectiveness in mitigating NH emission from pig house using a RHB column, and the fertilizer potential of the collected RHB for maize growth.

Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite-β-Tricalcium Phosphate Collagen Composites for Socket Preservation in a Canine Model.

This study aimed to compare the performance of three hydroxyapatite-β-tricalcium phosphate (HA-β-TCP) collagen composite grafts in a canine model for extraction socket preservation. Eight mongrel dogs underwent atraumatic bilateral mandibular premolar extraction, and sockets were randomly grafted with HBC28 (20% high-crystalline HA, 80% β-TCP bovine collagen), HBC37 (30% HA, 70% β-TCP, bovine collagen), or HPC64 (60% HA, 40% β-TCP, porcine collagen). Grafts differed in their HA-β-TCP ratio and collagen origin and content.

Engineered TtgR-Based Whole-Cell Biosensors for Quantitative and Selective Monitoring of Bioactive Compounds.

TtgR, a transcriptional repressor from , plays a key role in regulating multidrug resistance by controlling the expression of genes in response to various ligands. Despite its broad specificity, TtgR represents a promising candidate for the development of transcription factor (TF)-based biosensors. In this study, we utilized TtgR and its native promoter region (P) as genetic components to construct TF-based biosensors in .

Interpretation of the Transcriptome-Based Signature of Tumor-Initiating Cells, the Core of Cancer Development, and the Construction of a Machine Learning-Based Classifier.

Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) constitute a subpopulation of cancer cells with stem-like properties contributing to tumorigenesis, progression, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance. Despite their biological importance, their molecular signatures that distinguish them from non-TICs remain incompletely characterized. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze transcriptomic differences between TICs and non-TICs, identify TIC-specific gene expression patterns, and construct a machine learning-based classifier that could accurately predict TIC status.

Platform study of circulating tumor DNA directed adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer (CLAUDIA colon cancer, KCSG CO22-12).

Background: Tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis allows for the sensitive detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) and has the potential to enhance patient stratification for adjuvant chemotherapy. We hypothesize that intensifying adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer patients with postoperative MRD positivity may reduce recurrence and improve survival outcomes.

Methods: This multi-center platform trial (NCT05534087) consists of a prospective observational study (Part 1) and an interventional randomized trial (Part 2).

Search for a Neutral Gauge Boson with Nonuniversal Fermion Couplings in Vector Boson Fusion Processes in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

The first search for a heavy neutral spin-1 gauge boson (Z^{'}) with nonuniversal fermion couplings produced via vector boson fusion processes and decaying to tau leptons or W bosons is presented. The analysis is performed using LHC data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, collected from 2016 to 2018 with the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. The data are consistent with the standard model predictions.

Intravascular Imaging-Guided PCI vs Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Left Main or 3-Vessel Disease.

Background: Previous trials have shown that coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) has better clinical outcomes compared with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with left main coronary artery or 3-vessel disease. However, it is unclear whether intravascular imaging (IVI)-guided PCI would reduce the difference in clinical events compared to CABG.

Objectives: The present study sought to compare the clinical outcomes of patients with left main or 3-vessel disease who underwent IVI-guided PCI with those who underwent CABG.