Efficacy of Papaverine to Prevent Radial Artery Spasm During Transradial Cerebral Angiography (PASS): rationale and design.

Rationale: Radial artery spasm (RAS) is a common complication during transradial cerebral angiography (TRA), but currently, the optimal prevention strategy is not well established. Papaverine has anti-vasospasm, sedative and analgesic effects. However, the efficacy of papaverine in preventing RAS during TRA remains unknown.

A Case of Acquired LCAT Deficiency with the Discrepancy between Spontaneous Resolution of Proteinuria and Continually Low HDL Cholesterol Levels.

A 79-year-old Chinese man was referred for nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria 4.4 g/day). In blood tests, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was undetectable, and the esterified cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio was very low.

Characterization of Pharmacokinetics and Oral Bioavailability of Saikosaponin A in Rats Using a Validated UFLC-MS/MS Method.

Saikosaponin A (SSa) is an oleanane type triterpenoid saponin isolated from Radix Bupleuri (Bupleurum chinense DC). While SSa has demonstrated significant pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidepressant effects, its pharmacokinetic profile remains poorly characterized. This study developed and validated a sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantifying SSa in rat plasma.

Wearable device-measured circadian rest-activity rhythm with mortality risk in patients with cancer.

Objectives: The objectives were to examine the associations between accelerometer-measured circadian rest-activity rhythm (CRAR), the most prominent circadian rhythm in humans and the risk of mortality from all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with cancer.

Methods: 7456 cancer participants from the UK Biobank were included. All participants wore accelerometers from 2013 to 2015 and were followed up until 24 January 2024, with a median follow-up of 9.

Enhancing immunotherapy efficacy in NSCLC through the combined use of phenelzine and to regulate gut microbial metabolite 5-HIAA.

Background: Improving the efficacy of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy remains a major challenge for cancer immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Gut microbial metabolites can influence immunotherapy efficacy.

Methods: ELISA was used to compare the serum 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) level in patients with NSCLC.

Artificial intelligence in medical imaging empowers precision neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) has demonstrated significant potential in improving pathological response rates and survival outcomes for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, substantial interindividual variability in therapeutic outcomes highlights the urgent need for more precise predictive tools to guide clinical decision-making. Traditional biomarkers remain limited in both predictive performance and clinical feasibility.

Educational value of remote live-streamed training in endovascular thrombectomy: dose-response and mediation analysis.

Background: Remote live-streamed training in endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a novel educational strategy. This study evaluated the dose-response relationship between training duration and clinical outcomes, and explored mediation pathways.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 1046 participants received remote EVT training, with 1010 completing follow-up.

Comparative outcomes of self-expanding stenting in symptomatic MCA-M2 versus MCA-M1 segment stenosis.

Background: The outcomes of self-expanding stenting for symptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) M2 segment stenosis remain unclear. We aimed to analyze whether the safety and efficacy of M2 and M1 segment stenting procedures differ.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study analyzed data from three stroke centers involving patients who underwent self-expanding stent placement for symptomatic M1 or M2 stenosis between January 2017 and August 2024.

PHGDH Orchestrates Cell Cycle Progression to Drive Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Myocardial Regeneration via TGF-β/Smad Signalling Pathway.

The mature mammalian heart has limited ability for self-repair and regeneration. Here, we establish phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) as a crucial key for cardiomyocyte proliferation, with diminishing expression during postnatal cardiac development. PHGDH overexpression promoted myocardial regeneration and cardiac function in apical resection-operated mice, whereas inhibition by NCT-503 inhibited these processes.

Multiple injections of indocyanine green for improving the outcomes of lymphatic-venous anastomosis reconstruction of lymphatic return under microscopy: A case report.

This study explores effective treatment methods for chronic secondary lymphedema after radical cervical cancer surgery combined with pelvic lymphadenectomy. In cases where conservative treatment was ineffective, we investigated whether multiple injections of indocyanine green can effectively improve the outcomes of lymphatic-venous anastomosis under microscopy. Preoperative lymphatic imaging was used to localize functional vessels, guiding distal left lower limb lymphatic reconstruction.

Rethinking epistemic injustice in psychiatric digital phenotyping from the perspective of ignorance.

Digital phenotyping is a novel approach to assessing individual health conditions by collecting and analysing data generated through interactions with digital devices. Although digital phenotyping is regarded as a promising tool for transforming psychiatric clinical practice, its potential to exacerbate epistemic injustice remains a central ethical concern. However, epistemic injustice in psychiatric digital phenotyping should be understood as rooted in specific forms of ignorance, which are not necessarily negative obstacles.

Precise measurement of motor neuron dysfunction in Drosophila ALS model via climbing assay and leg imaging.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and death. While there is a plethora of studies focusing on many aspects of ALS, the pathogenesis of this disease is not well understood, and effective treatments are scarce. Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful model organism for studying ALS due to its genetic tractability and its evolutionarily conserved cellular and molecular processes which are also shared between the fly and human.

Decoding the complexity of homemade explosives: Forensic insights from association rule mining on 344 Chinese Case Samples.

Homemade explosives (HMEs) present significant challenges to forensic investigations due to their diverse chemical compositions and varying construction methods. Identifying the origin of these explosives is crucial for linking evidence across crime scenes. To address this challenge, this study employs an advanced data mining technique to enhance the forensic analysis of a unique dataset consisting of 344 HME samples collected from 129 real cases in China over an eight-year period (2015-2022).

Age characterization of donor based on fatty acid substances analysis in fingermarks.

As a critical frontier in forensic science, the profiling of physical evidence characteristics has garnered substantial attention. This study employed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to investigate age-related differences in sebaceous fingermark fatty acid compositions. Fingermark samples from 80 volunteers were analyzed to characterize fatty acid profiles across different age groups.

Enhancing driving safety with customized music: A simulator study using entropy weight and Bayesian Networks.

Introduction: Listening to music while driving is a common practice. Extensive research has explored its effects on driving performance, with a growing consensus suggesting that the optimal complexity of music varies depending on different driving scenarios to maintain drivers' arousal levels. However, these optimal levels can vary significantly among individuals.

Vibration-induced drowsiness contours: New safety recommendations for the transport industry.

Introduction: Drowsiness is a significant cause of crashes in the various transport industries, including automotive, aviation, and rail. Our previous study investigated the differential induction of drowsiness in drivers caused by specific whole-body vibration (WBV) frequency ranges, with an amplitude of 0.2 m/s r.

Crafting safety in the storm: An occupational health and safety professionals' job crafting scale.

Introduction: This study aims to develop and validate a job crafting scale designed specifically for occupational health and safety (OHS) professionals working in a crisis environment. Job crafting, defined as the proactive adjustment of job roles to better align with individual preferences and strengths, is recognized as a valuable strategy for enhancing job satisfaction, engagement, and performance in various occupational settings. However, existing job crafting scales primarily focus on general work contexts and cannot fully capture the unique dimensions of job crafting relevant to OHS professionals in a crisis response context.

A dual-process model to explain the influence of decision-making failure on workers' unsafe behavior: Conscientiousness and consideration of future consequences as moderators.

Introduction: Decision-making failure is a critical factor influencing workers' unsafe behavior. While previous research has predominantly concentrated on rational decision-making failures, it has largely ignored the impact of irrational decision-making failures and the mechanisms through which these failures contribute to unsafe behaviors. This oversight limits our understanding of how unsafe behavior develops.

State of eye-tracking technology research to enhance construction safety.

Introduction: This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the application of eye-tracking technology in construction safety, establishing a theoretical foundation and benchmark to guide future research and innovation in the field.

Method: This study identified 116 relevant papers published between 2003 and 2023 indexed by Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Library. The analysis of the 116 papers revealed trends about the dates of the publication of the papers, the locations of the research, the journals and conference proceedings that published the studies, and the extent of the collaboration between authors, which indicate that eye-tracking technology has become an important tool to enhance construction safety.

Exploring autonomous vehicle crash risk: system coupling effects and key causal factors.

Introduction: The continuous progression of autonomous driving technology is propelling the automotive industry into an unprecedented era, with the intelligence and driving safety capabilities of autonomous vehicles serving as crucial benchmarks for assessing industry development. However, crashes involving autonomous vehicles have raised concerns among both government authorities and the general public regarding this technology. Consequently, conducting a comprehensive analysis of crash causes and key causal factors holds immense significance for technological progress, personnel safety, and shaping the future direction of the automotive industry.

Investigating contributing factors to severe injuries in crashes involving motorized rickshaws in Pakistan.

Introduction: Motorized rickshaws are a common mode of urban transportation in many low and middle-income countries, particularly in South Asia (e.g., Pakistan and India).

Exploring e-scooter risk factors based on interpretable machine learning framework.

Introduction: The recent rise in e-scooter usage has reshaped urban mobility but has also led to a significant increase in e-scooter-related injuries, raising critical safety concerns. While existing research has primarily focused on post-crash medical outcomes and general risk comparisons, substantial gaps remain in identifying specific risk factors associated with e-scooter crashes and utilizing interpretable analytical approaches.

Method: This study addresses these gaps by analyzing 2,400 e-scooter crash records from the UK STATS19 database using advanced machine learning models to predict injury severity.

Safety and Effectiveness of Statins for Primary Prevention in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: An Emulation.

Background: There is no consensus for using statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), because no randomized controlled trial has exclusively investigated statins in this population.

Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to evaluate the long-term risks and benefits of statins for primary prevention in adults with T1DM.

Methods: We performed a sequential target trial emulation comparing statin initiation vs noninitiation using UK primary care data from the IQVIA Medical Research Data database.

5-Year Outcomes With a Novel Coronary Sirolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Scaffold: The NeoVas Randomized Trial.

Background: Previous trials have demonstrated increased 5-year risks for adverse clinical events after coronary artery implantation of poly-l-lactic acid-based bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) compared with cobalt chromium (CoCr) everolimus-eluting stents (EES).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the 5-year clinical outcomes of the novel sirolimus-eluting NeoVas BRS compared with CoCr EES.

Methods: A total of 560 patients with single de novo native coronary artery lesions with reference vessel diameter 2.