Genital HPV infection among heterosexual and homosexual male attendees of sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Beijing, China.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified as etiologic agent of various cancers for both men and women. However, HPV vaccine has not been recommended for men in China by far. To provide more evidences to promote HPV vaccination among males at high-risk of infection, this study investigated genital HPV genotypes among male attendees of sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic.

Genotypic Diversity of Clinical Isolates in the Multiethnic Area of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China.

We studied the genetic diversity of clinical isolates from patients with tuberculosis in the multiethnic area of Xinjiang autonomous region in China. A total of 311 clinical isolates were collected in 2006 and 2011 and genotyped by two genotyping methods. All isolates were grouped into 68 distinct spoligotypes using the spoligotyping method.

Substance use and HIV-risk behaviors among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in China: repeated measures in a cohort study design.

Global literature revealed that seropositive men who have sex with men (MSM) posed an even higher risk compared to their seronegative counterparts. Identifying risk factors that contribute to HIV-risk behaviors will help to curb the rapid HIV transmission among this group. Our hypothesis was that MSM with substance use were more likely to conduct HIV-risk behaviors, even after accounting for repeated measures.

Associations of current marital status and living arrangements with HIV and syphilis risk: findings from a community-based sample of men who have sex with men in China.

Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionally affected by HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), but little is known about the role of current marital status and living arrangements in shaping their HIV/syphilis risk. A cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM in Beijing, China to assess their sociodemographic/behavioral characteristics between married and single MSM, and test the hypothesis that currently married MSM have a lower odds of being HIV- and/or syphilis-infected. Participants were recruited via short message services, peer referral, internet, and community outreach.

[Technical guideline for human rabies prevention and control (2016)].

In order to promote the prevention and control programs on rabies in our country, to regulate the prevention and disposition of rabies and to reduce the deaths caused by rabies, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has organized a panel of experts, in the reference with Guidelines issued by WHO, American Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, and the latest research progress from home and abroad, and compiled this document-"Technical Guidelines for Human Rabies Prevention and Control (2016)". The Guidelines conducted a systematic review on the etiology, clinical characteristics, laboratory diagnosis, epidemiology of rabies and provided evidence on varieties, mechanisms, effects, side-effects and security of rabies vaccine, as well as on other preparations on passive immunity of its kind, on methods related to prevention and disposition of exposure etc, finally to have come up with the recommendation on the above mentioned various techniques. The guidelines will be used by staff working on prevention and control of rabies from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention at all levels, from the departments of outpatient and divisions of infection and emergency control in all the medical institutions.

Incidence of Co-Infections of HIV, Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 and Syphilis in a Large Cohort of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beijing, China.

Background: The HIV-epidemic among MSM in China has worsened. In this key population, prevalence of HSV-2 and syphilis infection and co-infection with HIV is high.

Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted (n = 962) in Beijing, China, with three overlapping cohorts (n = 857, 757 and 760) consisting of MSM that were free from pairs of infections of concern (i.

Prevalence of and factors associated with myopia in primary school students in the Chaoyang District of Beijing, China.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for myopia in primary school children in Chaoyang District, Beijing.

Methods: This cross-sectional prevalence survey was conducted in September to October 2011 in 4 schools randomly chosen from among the 126 primary schools in Chaoyang District. Students were assessed with autorefractometry under cycloplegia and checked with retinoscopy for accuracy.

Repeated HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing Increased Risk Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: A Prospective Cohort Study.

High risk MSM are recommended to take up HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) once every 6 months. 809 HIV-negative MSM in Beijing, China entered the 18-month prospective cohort study; 228 joined an extended study at month 21. The majority (92.

Molecular Characteristics and Drug Susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Patients Co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Beijing, China.

70 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from AIDS patients in two HIV/AIDS referral hospitals in Beijing were used in this study. M. tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) were identified by using multi-locus PCR.

Prevalence and associated factors of inhaled nitrites use among men who have sex with men in Beijing, China.

Background: Inhaled nitrites are commonly used by men who have sex with men (MSM) in western countries. As such compounds are not illicit, they are widely available in China. Recent studies have documented a high prevalence of inhaled nitrites use in this population.

Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust and alterations in lymphocyte subsets.

Background: The International Agency for Research on Cancer recently classified diesel engine exhaust (DEE) as a Group I carcinogen based largely on its association with lung cancer. However, the exposure-response relationship is still a subject of debate and the underlying mechanism by which DEE causes lung cancer in humans is not well understood.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional molecular epidemiology study in a diesel engine truck testing facility of 54 workers exposed to a wide range of DEE (ie, elemental carbon air levels, median range: 49.

Factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among healthy people in Northern China.

There is still limited knowledge about the prevalence and risk factors of nasal carriage for Staphylococcus aureus among healthy carriers in China. We investigated 2448 healthy adults (≥18 years of age) from Beijing (n = 1530) and Harbin (n = 918) by nasal screening. Participants were checked for carriage of S.

Prevalence of HIV and syphilis infection among men who have sex with men in China: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: To figure out the most current prevalence of HIV and syphilis in MSM in China.

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted on the studies searched through PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang published between 1 January 2009 and 11 April 2013.

Results: Eighty-four eligible studies, either in Chinese or in English, were included in this review.

Nitrite inhalants use and HIV infection among men who have sex with men in China.

Objective: This is the first study in China to examine the use of nitrite inhalants and its correlates among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2012. Structured interviews collected data on demographics, sexual and drug use behaviors, and the use of HIV services.

HIV risk perception among HIV negative or status-unknown men who have sex with men in China.

Objective: To evaluate HIV risk perception and its associated factors among Chinese MSM.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM with an HIV negative or unknown status in Beijing, China, between 2011 and 2012. A questionnaire interview was conducted and a blood sample was collected for HIV and syphilis testing.

HIV incidence among men who have sex with men in Beijing: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: (1) To assess the HIV incidence rate among men who have sex with men (MSM) in a large cohort study in Beijing, China and (2) to identify sociodemographic and behavioural risk factors of HIV seroconversion among MSM in Beijing, China.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

Setting: Baseline and follow-up visits were conducted among MSM in Beijing, China.

[RT-PCR identification and genetic characterizations of VP1 region of human enterovirus 71 isolated in Beijing in 2008].

Objective: To study the genetic characterizations of VP1 region of Human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) isolated from clinical specimens of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) patients in Beijing in 2008.

Methods: 285 clinical samples were collected from HFMD patients in hospitals and day-care centers in Chaoyang district. They were performed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) specific for HEV71.

Correlates of incident infections for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B virus in a cohort of men who have sex with men in Beijing.

Recent data suggest that the prevalence of HIV/syphilis infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China increased rapidly. This cohort study was to assess the correlates of the incident infections for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) among sexually active and HIV-negative MSM in China. A cohort of 507 HIV-seronegative MSM was recruited from November 2006 to February 2007.

[Observation on two kinds of recombinant hepatitis B vaccines used in populations with different immunity].

Objective: To evaluate the immunity status on different hepatitis B vaccines currently being used in Beijing.

Methods: College students who had not received hepatitis B vaccine and children who had received whole-course immunization at birth, were tested HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc. All the test-negative cases were served as research subjects.

[Application of exponent curve model to study the hepatitis B DNA recombinant yeast derived vaccine antibody levels].

Objective: To introduce exponent curve model methods in the study of the hepatitis B vaccine antibody level.

Methods: After the China made vaccine of hepatitis B DNA recombinant yeast derived vaccine (YDV) had been carried out for 5 years, data on the anti-HBsAg's titer were used to construct an exponent curve model. When the vaccination program had been carried out for 8 years, the predicating results of the model were further tested by observed number.