[Outcomes of modified lateral orbital wall decompression using ultrasonic bone removal].

Objective: This study presents a comparative analysis of outcomes of lateral orbital wall decompression performed using ultrasonic bone removal with standard and modified techniques.

Material And Methods: The study included 78 patients (109 orbits) with exophthalmos without visual impairment (subgroups 1A and 1B) and with optic neuropathy (ON) due to thyroid eye disease (TED) (subgroups 2A and 2B). Lateral wall decompression (LWD) was performed using ultrasonic bone removal with a modified (=58, patient subgroups 1A and 2A) or standard (=51, subgroups 1B and 2B) technique.

Hypoglycaemia During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Pregnancy and Feto-Maternal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The significance of hypoglycaemia during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) in pregnancy is uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) evaluated if hypoglycaemia during OGTT predicts feto-maternal outcomes. Electronic databases were searched for studies in pregnancy where an OGTT at 24-28 weeks was done and feto-maternal outcomes were documented.

Metabolomics in Endocrinology: The Way Forward.

Metabolomics is a type of laboratory science used to understand the cellular and metabolic defects in any disease process. It comprehensively identifies endogenous and exogenous low-molecular-weight (<1 kDa) molecules or metabolites in a high-throughput manner. Mass spectrometry-based methods are used for metabolomics which can be targeted and non-targeted.

KLB as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in colorectal cancer: insights from multi omics and single cell analyses.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies, with a rising global incidence. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, effective biomarkers for early detection and targeted therapy remain limited. β-Klotho (KLB), a co-receptor in the FGF signaling pathway, has been implicated in tumor progression and poor prognosis in several cancers.

Inclisiran-based treatment strategy in hypercholesterolaemia: the VICTORION-Difference trial.

Background And Aims: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease development and progression. The European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend combination treatment to achieve CV risk-based LDL-C treatment goals. Inclisiran, a small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) that targets hepatic proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) messenger RNA, can provide sustained and effective LDL-C reduction.

Analysis of Serum Serotonin by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Using Online Solid-Phase Extraction.

We propose a method for the quantitative determination of serotonin in blood serum using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS/MS) and online solid-phase extraction in a chromatographic system. This approach allows serotonin quantification in blood serum within a range of 0.5-2000 ng/ml, partially automates the sample preparation process, and minimizes the influence of matrix components.

Self-medication to lower LDL cholesterol and to treat statin-associated muscle symptoms in patients with statin intolerance.

Background: Self-medication with supplements or over-the-counter drugs is very frequent despite limited evidence on efficacy and safety. Patients with statin intolerance (SI) may be prone to self-medication to lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and to treat statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS).

Objective: To evaluate the use and predictors of self-medication in the prospective, multicenter Statin Intolerance Registry at baseline.

Effect of rhGM-CSF in promoting wound healing via macrophage immunomodulation.

Background: Recombinant human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) is predominantly applied in hematologic disorder therapy. Emerging research suggests its efficacy in wound healing. This study aims to validate the effect and molecular mechanisms of rhGM-CSF on diabetic/non-diabetic wound healing.

Safety and efficacy of GST-HG141, a novel HBV capsid assembly modulator, for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viremia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase II study.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a major global health challenge with no curative therapies. Approximately 15-40% of patients treated with current standard-of-care antiviral therapies such as nucleos(t)ide analogs (NUCs), including entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir (TDF/TAF), fail to fully suppress serum HBV DNA, resulting in persistent low-level viremia (LLV), which is associated with increased risks of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. GST-HG141, a novel HBV capsid assembly modulator, previously demonstrated favorable safety and antiviral activity in a Phase Ib study, offering a promising approach for LLV management in CHB patients.

Serum β-klotho is a potential biomarker for diagnosing alcoholic liver disease and differentiating from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), with the control of infectious liver disease and the improvement in living standards, is emerging as a significant liver disease posing a threat to public health. Besides, ALD often overlaps or coexists with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, due to the lack of specific non-invasive biomarkers and the fact that drinkers' self-reported alcohol consumption is often concealed, the identification of ALD and NAFLD is sometimes not easy. This study aims to explore a new specific serum biomarker to more easily diagnose ALD and differentiate it from NAFLD.

2-hydroxyglutarate mediates whitening of brown adipocytes coupled to nuclear softening upon mitochondrial dysfunction.

Mitochondria have a crucial role in regulating cellular homeostasis in response to intrinsic and extrinsic cues by changing cellular metabolism to meet these challenges. However, the molecular underpinnings of this regulation and the complete spectrum of these physiological outcomes remain largely unexplored. In this study, we elucidate the mechanisms driving the whitening phenotype in brown adipose tissue (BAT) deficient in the mitochondrial matrix protease CLPP.

A 360° perspective on cardiovascular prevention: the International Lipid Expert Panel SiMple tIps for the heaLthy hEart (ILEP-SMILE).

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), is the most common cause of death worldwide. Despite decades of research into lifestyle factors and medications, we still cannot effectively prevent the occurrence of ASCVD or the many incident CVD events and their complications. Yet, in most countries, only a small percentage of the healthcare budget is allocated to (primary) prevention, and only a few nations have introduced effective integrated (coordinated) programmes in primary prevention to promote health education, invest in health as early as possible, and prevent adverse CVD events.

Mapping Barriers and Interventions to Diabetes Self-Management in Latino Youth: A Scoping Review.

Effective diabetes self-management is critical for glycemic management and well-being, yet Latino youth face unique cultural and socioeconomic barriers that are insufficiently explored in the literature. This review mapped existing evidence on diabetes self-management for Latino youth. Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, LILACS, ERIC, and The Cochrane Library, using the gray literature and reference lists, in September 2024, following JBI guidelines.

Switch From rhPTH1-84 to TransCon PTH With Individual Dose Adjustment in Adult Hypoparathyroidism-4-Week Results.

Background: Replacement therapy with recombinant human PTH (rhPTH1-84) represents a causal treatment for patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT). Recently, palopegteriparatide (TransCon PTH), a novel long-acting drug with slow release of PTH1-34, was approved by the European Medicines Agency and Food and Drug Administration for treatment of HypoPT. To date, no data exist on the treatment switch from rhPTH1-84 to TransCon PTH.

Use of obesity medications in a young pediatric patient with optic nerve hypoplasia and severe early-onset obesity: A case report.

Introduction: Pediatric obesity presents complex challenges in children with underlying endocrine disorders. In patients with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) and hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, lifestyle changes alone are often ineffective for obesity treatment. This case report describes targeted pharmacologic interventions for severe early-onset obesity in a child with ONH and multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies.

Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Patients with Early-Onset Diabetes Involving at Least Two Consecutive Generations: Whole-Exome Sequencing in Probands from 25 Pedigrees.

Background: The molecular mechanisms of early-onset multigenerational diabetes remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of early-onset diabetes involving at least two consecutive generations.

Methods: From 1296 inpatients with diabetes, we selected individuals who were ≤ 30 years of age and who were clinically suspected of having familial monogenic diabetes.

Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome and immunodeficiency: data from an international multicenter cohort.

Introduction: Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFCS) is a rare syndromic disorder caused by germline mutations affecting the RAS/MAPK pathway. It is characterized by distinctive craniofacial dysmorphism, congenital heart defects, skin abnormalities, gastrointestinal dysfunction, neurocognitive impairment, and epilepsy. Emerging evidence suggests an association with hypogammaglobulinemia, but a comprehensive characterization of immunological abnormalities in CFCS is lacking.

Type 2 Diabetes in a 4-Year-Old With Obesity: Considerations for Use of Semaglutide and Bariatric Surgery in Children.

The rising prevalence of youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children necessitates early intervention with tight glycemic control, obesity medications, and metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS). Insulin and metformin are standard treatments, but additional therapies for obesity in youth are needed. A 4-year-old Hispanic female with early-onset obesity and newly diagnosed T2D presented with a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of 8.

Fenofibrate in Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Fenofibrate forms the standard of care for managing hypertriglyceridemia. Many of these patients have associated metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). No systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) has analysed the impact of fenofibrate in MASLD.

Efficacy and Safety of Twincretin Survodutide, a Dual Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Glucagon Receptor Agonist as an Anti-Obesity and Anti-Diabetes Medication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Survodutide is a twincretin having dual glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptor agonist activity, conceptually based on endogenous peptide oxyntomodulin. This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) holistically analyzed the body weight lowering, glycemic efficacy, and safety of survodutide. Electronic databases were searched for RCTs involving diabetes and/or obesity patients receiving once-weekly subcutaneous survodutide in intervention arm and placebo/active comparator in control arm.

Tangeretin protects the kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammatory response through downregulation of MAOA.

Objective: This study investigates the protective effects and mechanisms of the natural antioxidant tangeretin in alleviating renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI), a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI).

Methods: Firstly, a RIRI mouse model was established to investigate the renoprotective effects of tangeretin. Potential therapeutic targets were identified through RNA sequencing and network pharmacology analysis and subsequently validated using the GEO and KIT databases.

Secretome and Cellular Composition of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Cultured in the Presence of Cell Feeder or Interleukins.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells-derived immune cells are widely used in clinical practice, in particular for cancer therapy. The growth conditions are critical for the composition and functional activity of cells. Mononuclear cells were cultured for 15 days under different conditions: in the presence of K562 cell feeder expressing 4-1BBL and mbIL-21I, or without feeder, but in the presence of L-21 or with different combinations of cytokines (IL-2, IL-15, IL-21, and IL-12) without the feeder and the cytokine profile (48 cytokines) of the culture medium in the middle (day 7) and at the end (day 14) of culturing was compared.

Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a Review of Clinical Trials.

The article provides a review of cell therapy strategies for type 1 diabetes mellitus that are closest to approval by regulatory authorities and implementation in clinical practice. The data from contemporary clinical trials studying the safety and efficacy of cell technologies in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus are presented. The main approaches to replacement and immunomodulatory cell therapy are defined.

Potential Markers for Thyroid Neoplasms in the Upstream Analysis of the Plasma Proteome.

The reliability of existing diagnostic methods for thyroid neoplasms remains questionable, which necessitates the search for alternative approaches. The use of nontarget proteomic analysis for diagnosing oncological diseases is gaining traction and represents an efficient method for multiplex analysis. This study analyzed 372 blood plasma samples collected from patients with histologically confirmed thyroid pathologies treated at the National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology in 2019-2021.