Chronic kidney disease and incident cancer risk: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: Studies examining the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with cancer risk have demonstrated conflicting results.

Methods: This was an individual participant data meta-analysis including 54 international cohorts contributing to the CKD Prognosis Consortium. Included cohorts had data on albuminuria [urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)], estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), overall and site-specific cancer incidence, and established risk factors for cancer.

Atypical complications and co-morbidities of type 1 diabetes in young adults.

Aims: Our review aimed to determine the prevalence of - and factors associated with - hearing loss, oral and olfactory disease, frozen shoulder, trigger finger, and hair loss in young adults with type 1 diabetes. These conditions were selected based on research team interests, existing literature, and group discussion.

Methods: We conducted a quantitative narrative review using a systematic process to identify cohort and cross-sectional studies involving young adults with type 1 diabetes (mean age 18-30 years).

Bipolar radiofrequency ablation for refractory scar-related interatrial septal tachycardias: a multicenter study.

Background: Catheter ablation of scar-related interatrial septal atrial tachycardias (IAS-ATs) is challenging and can be refractory to conventional unipolar radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).

Aim: This multicenter study investigated the safety and efficacy of bipolar radiofrequency catheter ablation (Bi-RFCA) in patients with IAS-AT refractory to conventional unipolar RFCA.

Methods: Consecutive patients with scar-related IAS-AT refractory to conventional unipolar RFA across three electrophysiological centers were included in the study.

Patients with vitamin D deficiency are more likely to develop complex region pain syndrome after extremity fractures: a large database propensity-matched cohort study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between preexisting vitamin D deficiency and the development of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) in patients with isolated extremity fractures.

Methods: The TriNetX database was queried to identify patients aged 18 and older who experienced upper or lower extremity fractures. Two cohorts were created based on the presence of vitamin D deficiency.

Reconstructing time-domain data from discontinuous Percept PC and RC output using external data acquisition and linear filtering.

Background: The Medtronic Percept PC and RC are deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems with recording capability. However, when the stimulation frequency is changed, the recordings were segmented, introducing interruptions that shift each segment in the time domain.

New Method: Ex-vivo, stimulation frequency was changed while local field potential was being recorded in both leads.

Implementing a PREcision meDICine Thoracic (PREDICT) service using in-house reflex testing in a large academic-community practice.

Background: Broad genomic testing is necessary to treat stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We describe a NSCLC precision medicine service at an academic-community practice and provide model-based estimates of the impact of a similar intervention.

Research Question: Will implementation of a precision medicine service increase NSCLC next-generation sequencing (NGS) rates, improve testing turnaround times (TAT), and increase rates of actionable genomic alterations (AGAs)?

Study Design And Methods: PREDICT (PREcision meDICine Thoracic) consisted of: 1) system-wide reflex testing of stage IV NSCLC patients by in-house solid tumor NGS focused assay and PD-L1 testing, 2) navigator, 3) molecular tumor board (MTB), 4) integrated information portal (OncoTracker) for real-time updates on samples processing, results, and treatment recommendations by the MTB.

C2 dorsal root ganglion: the central hub for cervicogenic headache.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the mechanisms of cervicogenic headache and the role of the C2 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) as a central hub for cervicogenic headache.

Recent Findings: The suboccipital muscles have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cervicogenic headaches due to their connections with the dura mater. The myodural bridge (MDB) connects the suboccipital musculature to the spinal dura mater as it passed through the posterior atlanto-occipital and the atlanto-axial interspaces.

Focal Weakening/Thinnest Corneal Point Proximity in Normal, Subclinical, and Keratoconic Corneas Using Motion-Tracking Brillouin Microscopy.

Purpose: To determine the proximity between the thinnest corneal point (TCP) and focal corneal weakening in normal, subclinical keratoconus (SKC), and manifest keratoconus (KC) eyes using motion-tracking Brillouin microscopy.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Participants: Ninety-five eyes from 95 patients were evaluated: 40 from bilaterally normal patients (controls), 40 from patients with SKC, and 15 from patients with manifest KC.

Interactions between gut microbiota, plasma metabolome and brain function in the setting of a HIV cure trial.

Background: The intestinal microbiota composition has been linked to neurocognitive impairment in people with HIV (PWH). However, the potential interplay of microbial species and related metabolites, particularly in the context of an HIV cure strategy remains underexplored. The BCN02 trial evaluated the impact of romidepsin (RMD), used as a HIV-1 latency reversing agent and with reported beneficial neurological effects, combined with the MVA.

Large language models can extract metadata for annotation of human neuroimaging publications.

We show that recent (mid-to-late 2024) commercial large language models (LLMs) are capable of good quality metadata extraction and annotation with very little work on the part of investigators for several exemplar real-world annotation tasks in the neuroimaging literature. We investigated the GPT-4o LLM from OpenAI which performed comparably with several groups of specially trained and supervised human annotators. The LLM achieves similar performance to humans, between 0.

Exploratory study on the potential benefits of prophylactic levetiracetam after acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Importance: Current guidelines recommend against the routine use of seizure prophylaxis in acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH).

Objective: The goal of this study is to evaluate if the use of prophylactic levetiracetam resulted in reduced incidence of seizure, morbidity, and length of stay, compared to patients who did not receive prophylactic levetiracetam.

Design: This retrospective chart review includes patients admitted with ICH at Cleveland Clinic Florida Martin Health from January 2019 to October 2022.

Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Ultrathin Bioabsorbable-Polymer Sirolimus-Eluting Stents Versus Thin Durable-Polymer Everolimus-Eluting Stents in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

First-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) with thick polymers may contribute to local vascular inflammation and late stent thrombosis. Thinner-strut DES, particularly those with biodegradable polymers and ultrathin struts, aim to reduce this risk by minimizing flow disturbance and vascular injury. Nonetheless, the long-term safety and efficacy of ultrathin biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stents (BP-SES) compared to durable polymer everolimus-eluting stents (DP-EES) are still uncertain.

Alloxazine derivatives as multifunctional agents for photodynamic therapy, cancer cell imaging, and cell proliferation inhibition.

The development of biocompatible organic photosensitizers remains an important challenge for advancing image-guided photodynamic therapy. Specifically, photosensitizers that combine strong photodynamic activity, fluorescence emission for bioimaging, decrease or stop the proliferation of cancer cells, and allow synthetic accessibility are in high demand. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a new class of alloxazine-based photosensitizers (ANOMe, A8OMe and A7OMe).

Efficacy of Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy (SABR) in uncommon subtypes of primary kidney cancer: An analysis from the International Radiosurgery Oncology Consortium of the Kidney.

Background: While stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) is associated with excellent local control for primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC), outcomes based on clear-cell (ccRCC) and non-clear cell (nccRCC) histologies are not well defined.

Methods And Materials: Individual data of adult patient with biopsy confirmed primary RCC receiving SABR between 2007 and 2021 from 16 institutions in Australia, Canda, Germany, Japan and USA pooled. Patients with metastatic disease or upper tract urothelial carcinoma were excluded.

Analysis of TERT association with clinical outcome in meningiomas: a multi-institutional cohort study.

Background: TERT promoter mutation is a rare biomarker in meningiomas associated with aberrant TERT expression and reduced progression-free survival. Although high TERT expression is characteristic of tumours with TERT promoter mutations, it has also been observed in tumours with wildtype TERT promoters. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic association of TERT expression in meningiomas.

Recalls of Arthroscopic Equipment After Food and Drug Administration 510(k) Approval: A Twenty-Year Analysis of Causes, Trends, and Time to Recall (2004 to 2024).

Background: Current reliance on the expedited 510(k) approval pathway has driven rapid commercial availability of novel arthroscopic devices. Despite the low complication rates of arthroscopic procedures, products from this pathway are suspected to increase the rate of recalls and device malfunctions.

Purpose: This study aimed to characterize arthroscopic device recalls, analyze trends in recall incidence, and identify predictors of time to recall.

Alzheimer disease is (sometimes) highly heritable: Drivers of variation in heritability estimates for binary traits, a systematic review.

Estimating heritability has been fundamental in understanding the genetic contributions to complex disorders like late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) and provides a rationale for identifying genetic factors associated with disease susceptibility. While numerous studies have established substantial genetic contribution for LOAD, the interpretation of heritability estimates remains challenging. These challenges are further complicated by the binary nature of LOAD status, where estimation and interpretation require additional considerations.

Audiological outcomes of the Cochlear Osia 2 bone conduction system implanted under expanded indications in a pediatric population.

Objective: Evaluate the audiological outcomes of the Cochlear Osia 2 Bone Conduction System implanted in children ages 5-11 years old.

Design: A pivotal, prospective, open-label, multicentre clinical trial to expand access to the Osia 2 system to children ages 5-11 years old.

Study Sample: Children aged 5-11 years old who presented with either (1) a conductive or mixed hearing loss where the pure tone average bone conduction threshold (measured at 500, 1000, 2000, and 3000 Hz) was ≤ 55 dB HL or (2) single-sided deafness where the ear to be implanted had a profound sensorineural hearing loss and the pure tone average air conduction threshold (measured at 500, 1000, 2000, and 3000 Hz) in the contralateral ear was ≤ 20 dB HL.

Association of patient and physician characteristics with androgen-deprivation-therapy intensification in patients with de novo hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer: A population-based study.

Introduction: Treatment intensification with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors and/or chemotherapy is guideline recommended for patients with de novo metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, most patients only receive androgen deprivation therapy monotherapy. The aim was to identify physician-, patient-, and tumor-related factors associated with the receipt of treatment intensification.

Multifaceted Mesodiencephalic Triangles: Insights into Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration and Oculopalatal Tremor Pathophysiology.

Oculopalatal tremor is a rare neurological disorder characterized by rhythmic oscillations of ocular and palatal muscles. This phenomenon is commonly associated with hypertrophic degeneration of the inferior olive due to loss of GABAergic cerebello-olivary fibers. Oculopalatal tremor highlights the complex interplay between cerebellar, mesodiencephalic, and olivary networks.

Scoping review of family caregiver roles in cancer clinical trial decision-making.

BackgroundCancer clinical trials are vital for improving treatments. Clinical trial decision-making has been examined from the perspectives of patients and oncologists, but caregiver perspectives on clinical trials and roles in patient enrollment decisions remain understudied.MethodsThis scoping review assessed the state of current research on caregiver roles in cancer trial enrollment decision-making.

Sleep and Rest-Activity Rhythms are Delayed and Less Robust in People Living With HIV.

Background: People living with HIV (PLWH) commonly have sleep disturbances, but little is known about their habitual sleep patterns and rest-activity rhythms (RARs). We sought to compare sleep and RAR metrics between people living with and without HIV.

Methods: Adult participants with (n = 106) and without HIV (n = 105) underwent evaluation with 14 days of wrist actigraphy.