Based on two coconut ( L.) genome-wide investigation of NODULE-INCEPTION-like protein family: evolution and expression profiles during development and stress.

NODULE-INCEPTION-Like Protein (NLP) is a plant-specific transcription factor that plays a crucial role in nitrate uptake and stress responses. However, studies of gene family in coconut are lacking. In this study, 7 genes in the and 6 genes in coconut varities were identified. Furthermore, protein interaction network analysis suggested that CnD-NLP3/4/5 and CnT-NLP3/4/5 potentially interact with NRG2, HRS1, and LBD37, which may significantly influence nitrogen utilization in coconut, analysis of the promoters of and revealed many cis-acting elements associated with abiotic stress responses. Additionally, expression profiling showed that and were mainly expressed in mature leaves. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that all identified responded to nitrogen deficiency, drought, and salt stress. Specifically, may be a potentially critical gene in nitrogen deficiency responses, and may play a pivotal role in drought and salt stress response, respectively. And screening of homologous genes showed that and , and , and are homologous genes, with similar functions, further supporting their involvement in nitrogen deficiency, drought, and salt stress responses. These results lay the foundation for future research on the function and potential applications in coconut.