Impact of Mechanical and Architectural Signals in the Tumor Microenvironment on Melanoma.

Compared to sun-exposed melanomas, acral melanomas are genetically diverse and occur in areas with low sun exposure and high mechanical loads. During metastatic growth, melanomas invade from the epidermis to the dermis layers through dense tumor stroma and are exposed to fibrillar collagen architectures and mechanical stresses. However, the role of these signals during acral melanoma pathogenesis is not well understood.

Addition of metronidazole to standard-of-care perioperative prophylaxis at the time of hysterectomy for gynecologic malignancies.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the combination of cefazolin or a second-generation cephalosporin plus metronidazole is associated with a reduced risk of surgical site infection in women undergoing hysterectomy for gynecologic cancer compared to using cefazolin or a second-generation cephalosporin alone.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent hysterectomy at a single institution between January 2020 and June 2022. The primary outcome was surgical site infection.

Emergency Department Accuracy of Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Identifying Clinically Significant Pneumothorax in High-Severity Trauma Patients.

Background: Thoracic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is an improved modality for detecting pneumothorax (PTX) with high accuracy compared with supine chest x-ray (CXR) study. However, recent research has questioned the sensitivity of POCUS for diagnosis of PTX in trauma patients.

Objective: The authors determined the accuracy of emergency physician (EP) POCUS in identifying clinically significant PTX in high-severity trauma patients based on the red criteria of the 2021 National Expert Panel on Field Triage.

Neural substrates for the encoding of the contextual tonal alternation: An fNIRS study of Mandarin third-tone sandhi in word production.

Phonological alternations are common in speech, but the neurocognitive mechanisms for their encoding during word production remain unclear. Mandarin Tone 3 sandhi is an example of phonological alternation, whereby the Tone 3 (T3), a low-dipping tone, changes to a Tone 2 (T2)-like rising tone when followed by another T3. Previous research indicates that both the underlying tonal category and the surface tonal variant are activated during T3 sandhi word production, but the neural substrates of these sub-processes remain unclear.

A longitudinal qualitative study exploring how workplace factors impact family physicians' provision of spiritual care during comprehensive patient care: implications for burnout prevention and policy.

Background: Family physicians (FPs) endorse the value of spiritual care (SC) as part of comprehensive, patient-centered care. However, a mismatch exists between patients' desire to have spiritual needs addressed and physicians' SC provision. Studies explore physician barriers, but few examine workplace barriers/facilitators.

Genetically determined body mass index is associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in polygenic and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Obesity has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between genetically determined adiposity and four common NHL subtypes: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and marginal zone lymphoma, using eight genome-wide association studies of European ancestry (N = 10,629 cases, 9505 controls) and constructing polygenic scores for body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI). Higher genetically determined BMI was associated with an increased risk of DLBCL [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 1.

Laser Applications in Peri-implantitis Therapy: A Narrative Review.

Introduction/objectives: The treatment of peri-implantitis remains one of the most challenging areas in implant dentistry, with no universally accepted gold standards for long-term disease resolution. As the prevalence of peri-implantitis continues to rise with increased implant placement, the need for predictable and effective therapies becomes increasingly critical. Laser-assisted treatment has emerged as a promising modality in surgical and non-surgical management of peri-implant diseases due to its ability to decontaminate the implant surface, reduce the bacterial load, and debride bone defects.

Everyday challenges and solutions for individuals aging with deafness.

Background And Objectives: Approximately 11 million people in the United States self-identify as Deaf and use American Sign Language (ASL) as their primary form of communication. Yet, little is known about the challenges and solutions in everyday activities of individuals who are .

Research Design And Methods: We used a community-engaged research approach to understand everyday challenges and solutions of 60 older ASL users who self-identified as Deaf.

Open-Flap and Flapless Er, Cr:YSGG Laser-Assisted Esthetic Crown Lengthening: A Comparative Study of Patient Perceptions.

This study investigated patients' perceptions of laser-assisted esthetic crown lengthening (ECL) for treating "gummy smiles" using either an open-flap (OF) or flapless (FL) technique. This study included 36 healthy patients with altered passive eruption who underwent ECL surgery and were randomly divided into two equal groups: OF and FL. Gingivectomy and ostectomy were performed using an Er, Cr:YSGG laser in both groups.

Childhood psychopathology predicts development of error-related brain activity across adolescence.

Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence indicates that the error-related negativity (ERN) increases across adolescence. However, there are no longitudinal studies of ERN development which traverse all of adolescence. In addition, anxiety (e.

Programmed seasonal brain shrinkage in the common shrew via water loss without cell death.

Brain plasticity, the brain's inherent ability to adapt its structure and function, is crucial for responding to environmental challenges but is usually not linked to a significant change in size. A striking exception to this is Dehnel's phenomenon, where seasonal reversible brain-size reduction occurs in some small mammals to decrease metabolic demands during resource-scarce winter months. Despite these volumetric changes being well documented, the specific microstructural alterations that facilitate this adaptation remain poorly understood.

Safety and effectiveness of basivertebral nerve ablation in patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia: A real-world study.

Background: The Intracept procedure was the first FDA-cleared technique for basivertebral nerve ablation, a minimally invasive treatment for vertebrogenic chronic low back pain. While prior studies support its effectiveness, data in patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia remains limited.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of basivertebral nerve ablation with a specific focus on pain reduction, functional improvement, and the incidence of post-procedure vertebral compression fractures.

Performance of piezoelectric and triboelectric transducers under gait loading for energy harvesting and load monitoring in total knee replacements.

This study investigates the energy harvesting and sensing capabilities of piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG) and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) for long-term load monitoring in total knee replacement (TKR). Multi-layered polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films and cuboid-patterned silicone rubber embedded with dopamine-coated BaTiO particles (SR/BT@PDA) TENG are compared as energy harvesting-based load sensors. Unlike prior studies relying on simplified harmonic loading, this work utilizes physiologically relevant gait cycles covering realistic force ranges to precisely evaluate electrical output, sensitivity, and activity recognition capabilities.

Constructing and Using Cell Type Populations of the Human Reference Atlas.

The human body contains ~27-36 trillion cells of up to 10,000 cell types (CTs) within a volume of ~62-120 liters (males) and 52-89 liters (females). The Human Reference Atlas (HRA) v2.3 provides a quantitative 3D framework of CTs across 73 reference organs and 1,283 3D anatomical structures (ASs).

Corrigendum to 'SCAI Expert Consensus Statement on Alternative Access for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement' [Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions 4 (2025) 102514].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.

Pressure effects on lithium anode/nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide cathode pouch cells through fixture design.

Applying external pressure to a pouch cell results in improved performance, implicating systems-level design of batteries. Here, different formats and amounts of external pressure to Li-LiNiMnCoO (Li-NMC811) pouch cells were studied under lean electrolyte conditions. Due to the more uniform lithium plating/stripping, a constant gap fixture that retains the distance of the frame during cycling performed greater than a constant pressure fixture that retains applied pressure to the cell.

Ex-vivo Raman spectroscopy and AI-based classification of soft tissue sarcomas.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a diverse and rare group of malignant tumors arising from the connective tissues of the body, including fibrous tissue, muscles, fat, nerves, and blood vessels. The heterogeneity and infrequency of these tumors pose significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment strategy, often complemented by radiation or chemotherapy, contingent upon the tumor's size, location, and stage.

Minimally Invasive Surgery vs Medical Management Alone for Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The MIND Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: It remains uncertain whether surgical evacuation improves functional outcomes in patients with supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive surgery with the Artemis Neuro Evacuation Device to guideline-based medical management alone for spontaneous supratentorial ICH.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The MIND open-label, multicenter randomized clinical trial randomized patients with spontaneous supratentorial ICH in a 2:1 ratio to either minimally invasive surgery or medical management alone.

Dietary vitamin D and gastric cancer risk within the stomach cancer pooling (stop) project.

Purpose: The evidence regarding the role of vitamin D on gastric cancer (GC) is controversial. Within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project, a global consortium of epidemiological studies on GC, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between dietary vitamin D and GC risk.

Methods: Five case-control studies were included in the analysis, accounting for 1875 cases and 5899 controls.

Environmental factors have a greater influence on photosynthetic capacity in C plants than biochemical subtypes or growth forms.

Our understanding of how photosynthetic capacity varies among C species and across growth and measurement conditions remains limited. We collated 1696 CO response curves of net CO assimilation rate (A/C curves) from C species grown and measured at various environmental conditions and used these data to estimate the apparent maximum carboxylation activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (V) and CO-saturated net photosynthetic rate (A), two key parameters describing photosynthetic capacity. We examined how V and A vary with species-specific traits, growth and measurement conditions.