Direct Constraints on Strongly Interacting Dark Matter from the James Webb Space Telescope.

Direct-detection searches for dark matter are insensitive to dark matter particles that have large interactions with ordinary matter, which are stopped in the atmosphere or the Earth's crust before reaching terrestrial detectors. We use "dark" calibration images taken with the HgCdTe detectors in the near-infrared spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to derive novel constraints on sub-GeV dark matter candidates that scatter off electrons. We supplement the JWST analysis pipeline with additional masks to remove pixels with high-energy background events.

High-gamma and beta bursts in the left supramarginal gyrus can differentiate verbal memory states and performance.

Introduction: The left supramarginal gyrus (LSMG) contributes to attentional allocation for memory encoding and may also reflect memory state and performance. Given the roles of high-gamma and beta bursts in cognition and memory, this proof-of-concept study investigated whether these signals within the LSMG could classify memory state and performance.

Methods: Using secondary data from 103 epilepsy patients undergoing presurgical iEEG evaluation, we analyzed 141 delayed verbal free recall experiments.

Case Report: Inherited chromosomally integrated HHV-6B in a pediatric medulloblastoma patient with encephalitis.

Background: Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) is associated with various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, particularly in immunocompromised patients. We present a rare case of inherited chromosomally integrated HHV-6B (iciHHV-6B), also referred to as endogenous HHV-6B (eHHV-6B) discovered during the workup for encephalitis in a child with relapsed non-WNT/non-SHH medulloblastoma.

Case Presentation: A preschool aged female was treated in infancy for non-WNT, non-SHH medulloblastoma with high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant.

The rate of revision surgery for secondary deformities of the lip in cleft lip patients: A systematic review.

Introduction: Secondary deformities following primary cleft lip repair require varying degrees of surgical intervention, from minor scar revision to complete takedown and repair. Revision surgery can itself necessitate multiple interventions, representing a considerable burden for both patients and the health system. In this study, we evaluate the reported rates of revision surgery for secondary deformities of the lip within the literature.

Total X-ray scattering and big-box modeling of pressure-induced local disorder and partial amorphization in CsPbBr.

The mechanisms governing pressure-induced amorphization and its reversibility in halide perovskites are not yet fully understood, particularly the contribution of local disorder. We performed high-pressure synchrotron total X-ray scattering and reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) big-box modeling using CsPbBr as a model system to investigate short-range structural evolution in both the ordered and partially amorphous phases. While diffraction data indicate that long-range order persists up to 2 GPa, pair distribution function (PDF) analysis reveals significant local distortions, including PbBr octahedral tilting and Cs displacement, which influence the bandgap through a complex interplay between bond compression and angular tilting.

Preclinical Efficacy of a Hemostatic Agent in Overcoming Dual Antiplatelet Therapy.

This preclinical evaluation of a prohemostatic agent involved patients who received aspirin and clopidogrel before coronary artery stenting, the use of a humanized animal model to assess the hemostatic properties of patient platelets, as well as microfluidic assays to measure platelet reactivity. We demonstrate that our investigational product can bypass the effects of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) by generating thrombin at sites of vascular injury, thereby restoring the hemostatic properties of patient platelets. Importantly, its effects could be reversed upon administration of a thrombin inhibitor.

Barriers to Mental Health Support and Recommendations for Improvement From the Perspectives of LGBTQ+ Youth.

Purpose: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual plus (LGBTQ+) youth face significant barriers to mental health care, ranging from a lack of access to therapists, months-long waitlists, and lack of insurance coverage to receiving incompetent care from non-affirming providers. The current study sought to understand the experiences of LGBTQ+ youth when accessing mental health care.

Methods: The current study utilized a fixed, embedded mixed methods design with 808 LGBTQ+ youth in the United States.

An Innovative Injectable and Retrievable Drug Delivery System for Endodontic Therapy.

Introduction: Endodontic treatment failures remain a significant treatment challenge. Different bacterial combinations are implicated in posttreatment disease. Enterococcus faecalis is often detected in these biofilms.

Structural Impacts of the Addition of Succinic Acid to Cationic Ammonium Bisulfate Clusters.

The process by which atmospheric trace vapors cluster and grow into climatically relevant sizes is called new particle formation (NPF). While sulfuric acid and ammonia are the most abundant acid and base in the atmosphere, these two vapors alone cannot adequately explain observed NPF rates, and organic acids have been studied as a third vapor that could stabilize new particles or drive NPF on their own. We used infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry to characterize the structure of clusters composed of succinic acid (SuA), ammonia and sulfuric acid.

Polyethylene Glycol Surface Modification and Polythiophene Side-Chain Chemistry: A Combined Strategy toward High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes.

In the development of high-capacity lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the combined optimization of active material interfaces and polymer binder chemistry plays a critical role in improving electrode performance and longevity. This work explores a dual design strategy incorporating polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface modification and carboxylated polythiophene side-chain tailoring to enhance the electrochemical behavior of magnetite (FeO)-based anodes. PEG is employed to improve interfacial stability, while carboxylated polythiophene binders with varying alkyl side-chain lengthspoly-[3-(potassium-4-butanoate)-thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3KBT), poly-[3-(potassium-5-pentanoate)-thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3KPT), and poly-[3-(potassium-6-hexanoate)-thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3KHT)are used to modulate molecular interactions and ion transport.

KINEMATIC CONVEX COMBINATIONS OF MULTIPLE POSES OF A BOUNDED PLANAR OBJECT BASED ON AN AVERAGE-DISTANCE MINIMIZING MOTION SWEEP.

Convex combination of points is a fundamental operation in computational geometry. By considering rigid-body displacements as points in the image spaces of planar quaternions, quaternions and dual quaternions, respectively, the notion of convexity in Euclidean three-space has been extended to kinematic convexity in , and in the context of computational kinematic geometry. This paper deals with computational kinematic geometry of bounded planar objects rather than that of infinitely large moving spaces.

Neighborhood resources, parental attachment, and parenting behaviors in early childhood among parents with child protective services involvement.

Parents involved with child protective services (CPS) often face stressors that compromise their parenting; thus, it is critical to identify sources of resilience at multiple ecological levels. This study leveraged cross-sectional data from a study of CPS-involved parent-child dyads ( = 129). Most parents identified as having a minoritized racial/ethnic identity and as having low income.

Time-domain and time-frequency neural responses to monetary and social rewards across three different tasks.

The neural response to reward is often examined during monetary reward tasks. However, there is a growing interest in examining other types of reward (e.g.

EPA model estimates and waste characterization studies: US paper disposal dynamics.

Modern economies produce substantial quantities of municipal solid waste (MSW); plastics and food waste currently hold great attention. However, in 2018, paper was the largest element of generated MSW (23.1%) in the United States (US), according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Impact of the Atomic Structure at the BiVO/TiO Interface on the Electronic Properties and Performance of BiVO/TiO Photoanodes.

In photoelectrochemical cells, semiconductor electrodes are usually interfaced with protection layers to extend their stability. Ideally, the protection layer should not decrease photocurrent generation. Hence, the conduction band minimum (CBM) and valence band maximum (VBM) of the protection layer should appropriately align with those of the underlying semiconductor electrode to facilitate the desired interfacial charge transfer with minimal interfacial recombination.

A Rare t(3;15;17) in a Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

We present a 48-year-old female with a past medical history of endometrioid adenocarcinoma who presented with symptoms of spontaneous gum bleeding, post-coital bleeding, and upper extremities-lower extremities-abdomen ecchymosis. Initial laboratory findings were significant for cytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Due to a suspected case of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), conventional karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed.

Comparison of Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities in STEMI(+) vs. STEMI(-) Occlusion Myocardial Infarction.

Purpose: We aimed to determine if there are similar rates of regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMAs) in patients with acute coronary occlusion myocardial infarction (ACOMI, or OMI for short) with and without STEMI criteria on electrocardiogram (ECG).

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of a database of patients at high risk for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with previously established outcomes for the presence of OMI in order to compare rates of RWMA in patients presenting with STEMI(+) OMI vs. STEMI(-) OMI.

T contrast variation in human brain at 7 T and its potential contributors.

Magnetic susceptibility-weighted MRI (or T -weighted MRI) at 7 T and higher field strengths has shown superb sensitivity to study normal and pathological levels of non-heme (tissue) iron and myelin in the brain. However, macroscopic field perturbations originating from venous vasculature and tissue-air interfaces lead to image artifacts, posing strong confounds to the interpretation of T contrast. Use of T-based rather than the more common T -based contrast to study susceptibility perturbations may alleviate these adverse effects, but it is technically challenging at high fields.

Functional localization of the human auditory and visual thalamus using a thalamic localizer functional magnetic resonance imaging task.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the auditory and visual sensory systems of the human brain is an active area of investigation in the study of human health and disease. The medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) and lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) are key thalamic nuclei involved in the processing and relay of auditory and visual information, respectively, and are the subject of blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI studies of neural activation and functional connectivity in human participants. However, localization of BOLD fMRI signal originating from neural activity in MGN and LGN remains a technical challenge, due, in part, to the poor definition of boundaries of these thalamic nuclei in standard T1-weighted and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences.

Oral health and the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter case-control study in Iran.

The current study aimed to assess the independent effect of a high Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) score on the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) overall and its subsites. Also, we tested for the interaction effect of smoking tobacco and opium with the DMFT score on the risk of developing HNSCC. We included 899 pathologically confirmed cases of HNSCC and 3477 healthy visitor controls.

TlyC, a conserved hemolysin in , contributes to spotted fever pathogenesis in mice.

Unlabelled: circulates between mammalian hosts and hematophagous arthropod vectors by exploiting their intracellular environment. With advances in rickettsial genetic tools, recent studies have identified novel molecular mechanisms involved in -host-vector interactions. However, a significant knowledge gap exists in understanding how modulates its virulence functions to survive in two drastically different environments (mammalian hosts vs arthropod vectors).

The Role of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in the Pathogenesis of Tendinosis in Cancer Patients.

Currently, there are numerous anti-cancer drugs to prevent the spread of different neoplasms. Patients who depend on these medications as a form of treatment look to hopefully minimize the spread of cancer. However, there are well-known side effects of platinum-based chemotherapies, such as different electrolyte imbalances.

Cardiopulmonary hospitalization risks from wildfire and non-wildfire PM in 20 US states.

Importance: Given the increasing wildfire activity in the US, assessment of the health impacts of wildfire-specific fine particulate matter (PM), a growing source of surface air pollution, and its relative toxicity compared to non-wildfire PM is needed to support mitigation strategies.

Objective: To investigate associations of long-term exposure of wildfire-specific and non-wildfire PM with cardiopulmonary hospitalization risks.

Design Setting And Participants: We obtained over 89 million cardiopulmonary hospitalizations for residents across 20 US states from 2006 to 2019 from the State Inpatient Databases.

Blood-brain-barrier permeable fluorescent astrocyte probes.

The brain's astrocytes play pivotal roles in brain homeostasis, but their contributions to neural circuit function are only beginning to be explored. In order to study astrocytes in their native environment, the field needs imaging probes that are cell-specific, non-toxic, and complementary to existing genetic techniques. We recently described a panel of cationic fluorophores that selectively label rodent and zebrafish astrocytes at low concentrations and short incubation times.