Magneto-photoacoustic coupling: A pathway to optical-resolution electrical conductivity imaging.

Electrical conductivity is a critical biomarker for cellular activity and a fundamental parameter in material science. However, achieving label-free, contact-free conductivity measurements with optical-scale resolution remains a challenge. Here, we introduce a magneto-photoacoustic coupling effect that enables conductivity mapping through photoacoustic excitation in the presence of a static magnetic field.

A Handheld IoT Vis/NIR Spectroscopic System to Assess the Soluble Solids Content of Wine Grapes.

The quality of wine largely depends on the quality of wine grapes, which is determined by their chemical composition. Therefore, measuring parameters related to grape ripeness, such as soluble solids content (SSC), is crucial for harvesting high-quality grapes. Visible-Near-Infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy enables effective, non-destructive detection of SSC in grapes.

Learning From Vision Foundation Models for Cross-Domain Remote Sensing Image Segmentation.

Cross-domain image segmentation plays a crucial role in the field of remote sensing. Current approaches often rely on a mean-teacher model that is integrated from student models to guide the training of the student model itself. However, the feature space of the mean-teacher model exhibits significant domain discrepancy and considerable class overlap, which results in suboptimal performance.

Single-incision versus conventional multiport laparoscopic-assisted surgery for Meckel's diverticulum in children: a single-center propensity score analysis.

Background: Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital anomaly of the small intestine, and often leads to various complications in children. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) in the treatment of MD in children.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for MD at a tertiary pediatric hospital from February 2017 to February 2023 was conducted with registered of demographic information, preoperative laboratory results, operative findings, and postoperative outcomes.

Long-term stability of maxillary molar distalization in the treatment of Angle Class II malocclusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term skeletal and dental stability following maxillary molar distalization for Angle Class II malocclusion and to explore potential relapse-related factors.

Methods: A systematic search of twelve electronic databases and six manual sources was conducted. After data extraction and risk of bias assessment, meta-analyses using random-effects models were performed.

Unveiling the placental bacterial microbiota: implications for maternal and infant health.

The human placenta is a unique organ that forms under specific physiological conditions and plays a crucial role in nutrient and metabolite exchange between the mother and fetus. Research on the placenta is important for understanding maternal-fetal diseases. Traditionally, the placenta was considered "sterile," but advancements in detection techniques have revealed the presence of a low level of microorganisms.

Appearance-related distress impacts psychological symptoms in Chinese patients with cleft lip.

Background: This study aimed to explore the characteristics of appearance-related distress and the relationship between appearance-related distress, anxiety and depression symptoms in Chinese patients with cleft lip (CL).

Methods: The Derriford Appearance Scale 59 (DAS-59), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to screen for appearance-related distress, anxiety, and depression symptoms in Chinese patients with CL, respectively.

Results: A total of 63 patients with CL, comprising 43 unilateral and 20 bilateral cases, and 64 individuals without CL in the control group were included in the study.

Mechanisms underlying changes in intestinal permeability during pregnancy and their implications for maternal and infant health.

Proper regulation of intestinal permeability is essential for maintaining the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. An abnormal increase in permeability can significantly contribute to the onset and progression of various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, metabolic conditions, allergies, and inflammatory bowel diseases. The potential connection between intestinal permeability and maternal health during pregnancy is increasingly recognized, yet a comprehensive review remains lacking.

Semiconducting Polymer Dots for Dual-Wavelength Differential Background-Suppressed Photoacoustic Imaging.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) can sensitively detect regions and substances with strong optical absorption, which means that diseased tissue can be imaged with high contrast in the presence of surrounding healthy tissue through the photoacoustic effect. However, its signal intensity and resolution may be limited by background signals generated by endogenous chromophores such as melanin and hemoglobin. A feasible method for practical application of this so-called background-suppressed PAI is still lacking.

Dynamic monitoring of oxygen partial pressure in photodynamic therapy using pump-probe-based photoacoustic tomography.

Pump-probe-based photoacoustic tomography (PP-PAT) is an innovative and promising molecular imaging technique. In this study, we utilized PP-PAT for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, to monitor the dynamics of oxygen partial pressure (pO) within murine tumors during photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methylene blue (MB). We developed, to our knowledge, a novel two-step fitting method to simultaneously map both the pO and the MB concentrations and implemented it with mexCuda to accelerate the pixel-wise-based calculation.

Early fecal microbiota transplantation from high abdominal fat chickens affects recipient cecal microbiome and metabolism.

Abdominal fat deposition (AFD) in chickens is closely related to the gut microecological balance. In this study, the gut microbiota from high-AFD chickens was transplanted into the same strain of 0-day-old chicks via fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). The FTM from chickens with high AFD had no obvious effects on growth traits, adult body weight, carcass weight, abdominal fat weight, and abdominal fat percentage, but did reduce the coefficient of variation of AFD traits.

SOSNet: Real-Time Small Object Segmentation via Hierarchical Decoding and Example Mining.

Real-time semantic segmentation plays an important role in auto vehicles. However, most real-time small object segmentation methods fail to obtain satisfactory performance on small objects, such as cars and sign symbols, since the large objects usually tend to devote more to the segmentation result. To solve this issue, we propose an efficient and effective architecture, termed small objects segmentation network (SOSNet), to improve the segmentation performance of small objects.

A transcriptomic landscape analysis of human necrotizing enterocolitis: Important roles of immune infiltration.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and destructive diseases in neonates and an unpredictable surgical emergency. However, the molecular pathological mechanism of NEC is still not well understood. This study was designed to provide a molecular basis for the pathogenesis of human NEC through bioinformatics analysis and immune infiltration.

Epigenetic regulation and therapeutic targets in the tumor microenvironment.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial to neoplastic processes, fostering proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Epigenetic regulations, primarily including DNA and RNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA, have been generally recognized as an essential feature of tumor malignancy, exceedingly contributing to the dysregulation of the core gene expression in neoplastic cells, bringing about the evasion of immunosurveillance by influencing the immune cells in TME. Recently, compelling evidence have highlighted that clinical therapeutic approaches based on epigenetic machinery modulate carcinogenesis through targeting TME components, including normalizing cells' phenotype, suppressing cells' neovascularization and repressing the immunosuppressive components in TME.

Feature Consistency-Based Prototype Network for Open-Set Hyperspectral Image Classification.

Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification methods have made great progress in recent years. However, most of these methods are rooted in the closed-set assumption that the class distribution in the training and testing stages is consistent, which cannot handle the unknown class in open-world scenes. In this work, we propose a feature consistency-based prototype network (FCPN) for open-set HSI classification, which is composed of three steps.

Photoacoustic Microscopic Imaging of Cerebral Vessels for Intensive Monitoring of Metabolic Acidosis.

Purpose: Metabolic acidosis as one of the most common perioperative complications has been associated with increased risks for poor prognosis. Routine monitoring methods include blood gas analysis and electrocardiogram, which are limited by time delay effects. And the existing intravital imaging modalities are difficult to achieve in one step.

Alkaline earth metals for osteogenic scaffolds: From mechanisms to applications.

Regeneration of bone defects is a significant challenge today. As alternative approaches to the autologous bone, scaffold materials have remarkable features in treating bone defects; however, the various properties of current scaffold materials still fall short of expectations. Due to the osteogenic capability of alkaline earth metals, their application in scaffold materials has become an effective approach to improving their properties.

Depression in Chinese Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Preliminary Study.

(1) Objectives: To investigate the difference in prevalence of depression between patients with CL/P (cleft lip and/or palate) and analyze the possible demographic factors that affect the prevalence of depression in Chinese patients with CL/P. (2) Methods: Patients with CL (cleft lip only), CP (cleft palate), and CLP (cleft lip and palate) were included in the study group. Non-CL/P individuals were included in the control group.

Spectroscopic photoacoustic/ultrasound/optical-microscopic multimodal intrarectal endoscopy for detection of centimeter-scale deep lesions.

The inadequacy of existing colorectal imaging tools has significantly obstructed the efficient detection of colorectal cancer. To address this issue, this work presents the cross-scale endoscopic imaging of rectal tumors with a combined photoacoustic/ultrasound tomography system and wide-field optical microscopy. This multimodal system combines the merits of centimeter-scale deep penetration, multi-spectral imaging, cross-scale imaging ability, low system cost, and 360° view in a single modality.

Multi-Scale Superpixel-Guided Structural Profiles for Hyperspectral Image Classification.

Hyperspectral image classification has received a lot of attention in the remote sensing field. However, most classification methods require a large number of training samples to obtain satisfactory performance. In real applications, it is difficult for users to label sufficient samples.

The correlation between OSA-related quality of life and two mental statuses in adolescent Chinese patients with cleft palate: A comprehensive study.

Objectives: To analyze obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-related quality of life (QoL), the statuses of depression and anxiety, and to reveal the correlation between OSA-related QoL and two mental statuses in Chinese adolescent patients with cleft palate (CP).

Methods: The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Questionaire-18 (OSA-18), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were applied to assess OSA-related QoL and the statuses of anxiety and depression in Chinese adolescent patients with CP, respectively. Non-CP adolescents were also included in the control group.

Epigenetic Therapeutics Targeting NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling in Cancer Oxidative Stress.

The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its negative regulator kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) regulate various genes involved in redox homeostasis, which protects cells from stress conditions such as reactive oxygen species and therefore exerts beneficial effects on suppression of carcinogenesis. In addition to their pivotal role in cellular physiology, accumulating innovative studies indicated that NRF2/KEAP1-governed pathways may conversely be oncogenic and cause therapy resistance, which was profoundly modulated by epigenetic mechanism. Therefore, targeting epigenetic regulation in NRF2/KEAP1 signaling is a potential strategy for cancer treatment.

Anxiety in Chinese Patients With Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Preliminary Study.

Objectives: To preliminarily analyze factors that affected the prevalence of anxiety in Chinese patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P).

Methods: The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) was used to screen anxiety in Chinese CL/P patients. Non-CL/P individuals were also included as the control group.

Inhibiting microRNA-142-5p improves learning and memory in Alzheimer's disease rats via targeted regulation of the PTPN1-mediated Akt pathway.

Objective: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized as possible biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). MiR-142-5p has been reported to be abnormally expressed in brain tissues. However, the role of miR-142-5p in AD pathogenesis keeps unclear.