The role of LINGO-1 in regulating CB1R/TrkB signalling and GABAergic interneurons in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.

Leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain-containing nogo receptor-interacting protein 1 (LINGO-1) is a neuronal system-specific transmembrane protein that is highly expressed in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and our previous findings showed that LINGO-1 antagonism can improve cognitive function and protect hippocampal GABAergic interneurons in AD model mice. However, the specific mechanism underlying these effects is not clear. In this study, an adeno-associated virus (AAV) was used to directly interfere with hippocampal LINGO-1 in vivo, and LINGO-1 antagonists, cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) agonists, and CB1R antagonists were used to treat mouse hippocampal neurons (HT22 neurons) in vitro.

Voluntary wheel exercise improves learning and memory impairment caused by hippocampal Hb-α deficiency by reducing microglial activation and reversing synaptic damage.

Decreased hemoglobin (Hb) levels in peripheral blood may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hb-α is a monomeric form of Hb that exists in the central nervous system. Our previous RNA sequencing results revealed a decrease in the expression of the Hb-α gene in the hippocampus of AD model mice.

Quercetin-loaded mesoporous nano-delivery system remodels osteoimmune microenvironment to regenerate alveolar bone in periodontitis via the miR-21a-5p/PDCD4/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Impaired osteo-/angiogenesis, excessive inflammation, and imbalance of the osteoimmune homeostasis are involved in the pathogenesis of the alveolar bone defect caused by periodontitis. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of ideal therapeutic strategies for periodontitis that can regenerate the alveolar bone while remodeling the osteoimmune microenvironment. Quercetin, as a monomeric flavonoid, has multiple pharmacological activities, such as pro-regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.

A xonotlite nanofiber bioactive 3D-printed hydrogel scaffold based on osteo-/angiogenesis and osteoimmune microenvironment remodeling accelerates vascularized bone regeneration.

Background: Coordination between osteo-/angiogenesis and the osteoimmune microenvironment is essential for effective bone repair with biomaterials. As a highly personalized and precise biomaterial suitable for repairing complex bone defects in clinical practice, it is essential to endow 3D-printed scaffold the above key capabilities.

Results: Herein, by introducing xonotlite nanofiber (Ca(SiO) (OH), CS) into the 3D-printed silk fibroin/gelatin basal scaffold, a novel bone repair system named SGC was fabricated.

Antagonizing LINGO-1 reduces activated microglia and alleviates dendritic spine loss in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), microglia are involved in synaptic pruning and mediate synapse loss. LINGO-1 is a negative regulator of nerve growth, and whether antagonizing LINGO-1 can attenuate synaptic pruning by microglia and rescue dendritic spines in the hippocampus in AD is still unclear. On this basis, the anti-LINGO-1 antibody, which binds to LINGO-1 protein and antagonizes the effects of LINGO-1, was administered to 10-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic mice for 2 months.

Long-term voluntary exercise inhibited AGE/RAGE and microglial activation and reduced the loss of dendritic spines in the hippocampi of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely related to hippocampal synapse loss, which can be alleviated by running exercise. However, further studies are needed to determine whether running exercise reduces synapse loss in the hippocampus in an AD model by regulating microglia. Ten-month-old male wild-type mice and APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into control and running groups.

Anti-LINGO-1 antibody protects neurons and synapses in the medial prefrontal cortex of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), one of the most vulnerable brain regions in Alzheimer's disease (AD), plays a critical role in cognition. Leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain-containing nogo receptor-interacting protein-1 (LINGO-1) negatively affects nerve growth in the central nervous system; however, its role in the pathological damage to the mPFC remains to be studied in AD. In this study, an anti-LINGO-1 antibody was administered to 10-month-old APP/PS1 mice, and behavioral tests, stereological methods, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to answer this question.

Predictive role of the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy.

Background: The immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs) therapy has been proven effective in a range of solid tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), non-small cell lung carcinoma and metastatic melanoma. However, only a subset of approximately 20% of patients shows an objective response to anti-PD-1 therapy in HCC. Furthermore, the response to anti-PD-1 therapy is not correlated with programmed cell death 1 ligand expression in tumor tissue.

Addition of thermal ablation to systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis.

Objectives: To retrospectively compare the survival outcomes of thermal ablation plus chemotherapy to those of chemotherapy alone in patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Methods: 189 patients with unresectable ICC who received thermal ablation plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone as the initial treatment were identified . To avoid potential bias, 1:1 matching between groups was performed through propensity score matching.

Anti-LINGO-1 antibody ameliorates cognitive impairment, promotes adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and increases the abundance of CB1R-rich CCK-GABAergic interneurons in AD mice.

In view of the negative regulatory effect of leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain-containing nogo receptor-interacting protein 1 (LINGO-1) on neurons, an antibody against LINGO-1 (anti-LINGO-1 antibody) was herein administered to 10-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice for 2 months as an experimental intervention. Behavioral, stereology, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that the anti-LINGO-1 antibody significantly improved the cognitive abilities, promoted adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), decreased the amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition, enlarged the hippocampal volume, and increased the numbers of total neurons and GABAergic interneurons, including GABAergic and CCK-GABAergic interneurons rich in cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R), in the hippocampus of AD mice. In contrast, this intervention significantly reduced the number of GABAergic interneurons expressing LINGO-1 and CB1R in the hippocampus of AD mice.

NUCB1 Suppresses Growth and Shows Additive Effects With Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma via the Unfolded Protein Response.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with poor patient prognosis. A cellular stress response mechanism called the unfolded protein response (UPR) has been implicated in PDAC progression. More recently, nucleobindin 1 (NUCB1), a calcium-binding protein, has been shown to control the UPR but its precise role in PDAC has not been explored.

Fam83D promotes tumorigenesis and gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic adenocarcinoma through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Background: Elevated expression of family with sequence similarity 83 member D (Fam83D) has been found in various cancers; however, its role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. The current study was designed to elucidate the roles of Fam83D in pancreatic cancer.

Method: The level of Fam83D was detected in PDAC tissues and adjacent no-tumorous tissues.

Effect of quercetin on chondrocyte phenotype and extracellular matrix expression.

Due to the poor repair ability of cartilage tissue, regenerative medicine still faces great challenges in the repair of large articular cartilage defects. Quercetin is widely applied as a traditional Chinese medicine in tissue regeneration including liver, bone and skin tissues. However, the evidence for its effects and internal mechanisms for cartilage regeneration are limited.

Combined ablation-chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for pancreatic cancer with liver metastasis: a propensity score matching study.

: To retrospectively assess the efficacy of combined ablation-chemotherapy in comparison to that of chemotherapy alone in patients with liver metastasized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (lmPDAC).: In total 104 patients with hepatic oligo metastasized PDAC were identified; among them, 74 patients underwent combined thermal ablation-chemotherapy, and 30 patients underwent chemotherapy alone. Through propensity score matching, 1:1 matching of the combined ablation-chemotherapy group and chemotherapy group was achieved.

Tumor mutation burden in Chinese cancer patients and the underlying driving pathways of high tumor mutation burden across different cancer types.

Background: Tumor mutation burden (TMB) has an important association with immunotherapy responses. TMB in the Chinese population has not been well established. Finding differences between the Chinese and Caucasian populations and elucidating the underlying biological mechanisms of high TMB might help develop more precise and effective means for TMB and immunotherapy response prediction.

Long non-coding SBF2-AS1 acting as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge microRNA-142-3p to participate in gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer via upregulating TWF1.

Objective: This study is implemented to probe into the function of lncRNA SBF2-AS1 as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge microRNA-142-3p (miR-142-3p) in modulating TWF1 expression in the gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer.

Results: LncRNA SBF2-AS1 was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells. SBF2-AS1 was found to be associated with gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer.

HSF2 regulates aerobic glycolysis by suppression of FBP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Heat shock factors (HSFs) are essential for all organisms to survive exposures to acute stress. Recent years have witnessed the progress in uncovering the importance of HSFs in cancer cell oncogenesis, progression and metastasis. However, their roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proliferation and the underlying mechanism have seldom been discussed.

Acupuncture for cancer-related fatigue in lung cancer patients: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial.

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a distressing symptom that is the most common unpleasant side effect experienced by lung cancer patients and is challenging for clinical care workers to manage.

Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial to evaluate the clinical effect of acupuncture on CRF in lung cancer patients. Twenty-eight patients presenting with CRF were randomly assigned to active acupuncture or placebo acupuncture groups to receive acupoint stimulation (LI-4, Ren-6, St-36, KI-3, and Sp-6) twice per week for 4 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of follow-up.

Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with palonosetron on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting adversely affects the quality of life of patients who receive chemotherapy via intravenous infusion or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on nausea and vomiting after TACE.

Methods: A total of 142 patients who received TACE with cisplatin for primary or metastatic liver cancer were assigned to the active-acupuncture (n = 72) or placebo-acupuncture (n = 70) groups using a covariate-adaptive randomization at a ratio of 1:1.

A retrospective analysis of survival factors of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment for unresectable pancreatic cancer.

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate possible impact factors of HIFU treatment outcome for unresectable pancreatic cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: A total of 689 patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer were recruited in our center from December 30, 2007 to January 30, 2015. 436 patients with unresectable pancreatic cancers received HIFU treatment; the other 253 patients received non-HIFU treatment.

Hypoxia regulates stemness of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.

Human breast cancers include cancer stem cell populations as well as non-tumorigenic cancer cells. Breast cancer stem cells possess self-renewal capability and thus are the root cause of recurrence and metastasis of malignant tumors. Hypoxia is a fundamental pathological feature of solid tumor tissues and exerts a wide range of effects on the biological behavior of cancer cells.

Hepatic Lesions Detected after Mastectomy, in Breast Cancer Patients with Hepatitis Background May Need to Undergo Liver Biopsy to Rule Out Second Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: Liver metastasis is a common phenomenon in breast cancer patients. Hepatic lesions detected in breast cancer patients may be easily misdiagnosed as metastatic sites, rather than being treated as primary foci. This descriptive study aims to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of second primary hepatocellular carcinoma in breast cancer patients and to infer in which circumstances liver biopsy is needed.

Effectiveness and complications of ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration for primary liver cancer in a Chinese population with serum α-fetoprotein levels ≤200 ng/ml--a study based on 4,312 patients.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be diagnosed by noninvasive approaches with serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels >200 ng/ml and/or a radiological imaging study of tumor mass >2 cm in patients with chronic liver disease. Percutaneous fine needle aspiration (FNA) under ultrasound (US) guidance has a diagnostic specificity of 95% and is superior to radiological imaging studies.

Aim: The aim of this study is to elucidate the effectiveness and complications of fine needle aspiration in a Chinese population with primary liver cancer and AFP levels ≤200 ng/ml.

[Research progress of nano-hydroxyapatite complexes in bone tissue regeneration].

As the nano-hydroxyapatite is the main inorganic component of bone tissue of the human body, artificial synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite has attracted the most attention in the field of hard tissue repair. To make up multiple aspects of limitations for nano-hydroxyapatite material itself, nano-hydroxyapatite complexes have been widely evaluated and applied in bone repair. This paper reviewed the common nano-hydroxyapatite complexes and their research progress in bone regeneration.