Treatment of Acquired Dermal Macular Hyperpigmentation With Oral Isotretinoin: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study of 121 Cases.

The term acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH) was introduced to unify Riehl's melanosis (RM), lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP), and related entities. These are cosmetically distressing pigmentary disorders that pose therapeutic challenges. To investigate the efficacy and safety of oral isotretinoin in treating ADMH, we conducted a muticenter retrospective study of patients with ADMH treated with oral isotretinoin between 2014 and 2024.

Successful treatment of refractory erythrodermic pemphigus foliaceus with low-dose rituximab and intravenous immunoglobulin.

Background: Erythrodermic pemphigus foliaceus (EPF) is a severe, often refractory autoimmune disease.

Method: We report successful treatment of refractory EPF in a 59-year-old male using low-dose rituximab (RTX) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).

Results: Initial high-dose corticosteroids and IVIG failed, complicated by infections.

A cucurbit[7]uril-mediated crosslinking-amplified microchannel resistance immunoassay via magnetic interception for point of care testing of insulin.

Insulin is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels, the abnormal insulin secretion leads to various diseases such as diabetes. Herein, we present a cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7])-mediated crosslinking-amplified microchannel resistance immunoassay (MCRI) via magnetic interception for point of care (POC) testing of insulin in human serum samples. In the developed MCRI, the CB[7] coated gold magnetic nanoparticles (AuMNP@CB[7]) are used for extracting insulin from complex samples by host-guest interaction.

Soil bacterial community could be affected by Amaranthus retroflexus L.

Invasive plants can disrupt the growth performance of native plants by releasing allelochemicals affecting on litter decomposition. Furthermore, these invaders can establish a plant-soil feedback loop with soil microorganisms, which promotes their continued successful invasion primarily through decomposition process. Consequently, it is of the utmost importance to conduct research that analyzes the impacts of invasive plants' allelopathy on their interaction with soil microorganisms.

Effect of Different Postharvest Pre-Cooling Treatments on Quality of Water Bamboo Shoots () during Refrigerated Storage.

Post-harvest pre-cooling of water bamboo shoots (WBS) [] can effectively delay its quality deterioration. Six types of pre-cooling treatments were used to pre-cooling post-harvest WBS, including cold slightly acidic electrolytic water pre-cooling (CSAEW), cold water pre-cooling (CWPC), vacuum pre-cooling (VPC), strong wind pre-cooling (SWPC), refrigerator pre-cooling (RPC), and fluid ice pre-cooling (FIPC). The effects of different pre-cooling treatments on the quality of refrigerated WBS were investigated.

ALA-PDT promotes IL-1β secretion from human SZ95 sebocytes via activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Background: 5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is an effective treatment for pilosebaceous inflammatory diseases, such as acne vulgaris. In this study, we explored ALA-PDT's mechanisms against acne in vitro.

Methods: We treated human SZ95 sebocytes with ALA (0.

The co-phytotoxicity of two Asteraceae invasive plants Solidago canadensis L. and Bidens pilosa L. with different invasion degrees.

The phytotoxicity of invasive plants (IPS) has been identified as one of the main factors influencing their invasion success. The invasion of IPS can occur to varying degrees in the habitats. Two IPS can invade one habitat.

Heavy Metal Contamination Alters the Co-Decomposition of Leaves of the Invasive Tree L. and the Native Tree Laxm.

Invasive and native plants can coexist in the same habitat; however, the decomposition process may be altered by the mixing of invasive and native leaves. Heavy metal contamination may further alter the co-decomposition of both leaf types. This study evaluated the effects of two concentrations (35 mg·L and 70 mg·L) and three types (Pb, Cu, and combined Pb + Cu) of heavy metal contamination on the co-decomposition of leaves of the invasive tree L.

Pragmatic functions of evidentiality in diplomatic discourse: Toward a new analytical framework.

This paper examines the pragmatic functions of evidentiality categories in diplomatic discourse by illustrating a new classification of English evidentiality. It adopts a data-based approach by analyzing a corpus of thirty English political speeches from three US presidents (including Bush, Obama, and Trump). The results show that: (i) Evidentiality can be classified into three categories: personal sources; shared sources and other sources.

Urolithin A protects human dermal fibroblasts from UVA-induced photoaging through NRF2 activation and mitophagy.

Photoaging, caused by exposure to sunlight and especially UVA, has been identified as one of the culprits for age-related skin deterioration. Here, we initially demonstrated that urolithin A (UroA), a metabolite derived from intestine microflora, possessed sufficient photoprotective capacity and attenuated UVA-induced senescent phenotypes in human fibroblasts, such as growth inhibition, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, breakdown of extracellular matrix, synthesis of senescence-associated secretory phenotypes and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, UroA lessened the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, which promoted the phosphorylation and afterwards nuclear translocation of NRF2, subsequently driving the activation of downstream antioxidative enzymes.

Altered expression of ferroptosis markers and iron metabolism reveals a potential role of ferroptosis in vitiligo.

Oxidative stress is one of the triggering factors for vitiligo, which leads to melanocyte (MC) destruction in vitiligo lesions. Ferroptosis, which is characterized by iron-dependent increase in oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, has been widely explored in numerous diseases, whereas whether ferroptosis plays a role in MC loss of vitiligo remains to be elucidated. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis were used to determine the expression of ferroptosis markers in vitiligo patients.

Implications of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hyperpigmentation Disorders.

Oxidative stress represents an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and the ability of antioxidant systems to decompose those products. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, melanoma, and other skin diseases. Regulatory networks involving oxidative stress and related pathways are widely represented in hypopigmentation diseases, particularly vitiligo.

Tranexamic acid inhibits melanogenesis partially via stimulation of TGF-β1 expression in human epidermal keratinocytes.

Oral tranexamic acid (TA) has been an effective treatment for melasma with unclear mechanism. The present study aimed to demonstrate the effect of TA on melanogenesis via regulation of TGF-β1 expression in keratinocytes. We firstly determined the expression level of TGF-β1 in TA-treated keratinocyte-conditioned medium (KCM).

The efficacy and safety of topical tranexamic acid (liposomal or lotion with microneedling) versus conventional hydroquinone in the treatment of melasma.

Background: Robust evidence regarding the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid (TA) on melasma in Chinese population is lacking.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1.8% liposomal TA and microneedling with 5% TA solution on melasma.

Dysfunction of ATG7-dependent autophagy dysregulates the antioxidant response and contributes to oxidative stress-induced biological impairments in human epidermal melanocytes.

Autophagy is a process involving the self-digestion of components that participates in anti-oxidative stress responses and protects cells against oxidative damage. However, the role of autophagy in the anti-oxidative stress responses of melanocytes remains unclear. To investigate the role of autophagy in human epidermal melanocytes, we knocked down and overexpressed ATG7, the critical gene of autophagy, in normal human epidermal melanocytes.