Visible Light Protection: An Updated Review of Tinted Sunscreens.

Background/purpose: Visible light (VL), a substantial component of solar radiation, contributes to skin photodamage, including hyperpigmentation and erythema. Tinted sunscreens have emerged as effective tools for mitigating VL-induced effects, yet challenges remain in their adoption and utilization. This review updates recent evidence on their clinical efficacy and explores obstacles constraining their broader recognition and utilization.

The Therapeutic and Preventive Effects of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) for Post-Inflammatory Erythema and Hyperpigmentation: A Pilot Study.

Background/Purpose Photobiomodulation (PBM) using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) benefits tissue regeneration and wound healing. However, evidence regarding the efficacy of LED for post-inflammatory erythema (PIE) and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of medical LED (830 nm and 590 nm) in the prevention and treatment of PIE and PIH.

Photobiomodulation Using 830 nm Lighting-Emitting Diode Inhibits Melanogenesis via FOXO3a in Human Melanocyte.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) using 830 nm light-emitting diode (LED) benefits tissue regeneration, wound healing and neural stimulation. However, there is not much exploration of its effect on melanocytes and ex vivo skin model. This study aims to investigate the mechanism behind the anti-melanogenic activity of 830 nm LED and provides evidence for its activity in human ex vivo skin model.

The Emerging Role of Visible Light in Melanocyte Biology and Skin Pigmentary Disorders: Friend or Foe?

Electromagnetic radiation, notably visible light (VL), has complicated effects on human skin, particularly pigmentation, which have been largely overlooked. In this review, we discuss the photobiological mechanisms, pathological effects, clinical applications and therapeutic strategies of VL at varying wavelengths on melanocyte biology and skin pigmentary disorders. Different VL wavelengths may impose positive or negative effects, depending on their interactions with specific chromophores, photoaging, ROS production, circadian rhythm and other photon-mediated reactions.

590 nm LED Irradiation Improved Erythema through Inhibiting Angiogenesis of Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Ameliorated Pigmentation in Melasma.

Melasma is a common refractory acquired pigmentary skin disease that mainly affects middle-aged women. The pathogenesis of melasma is still uncertain, while abnormal vascular endothelial cells may play a role. We previously demonstrated the yellow light of light-emitting diodes (LED) could inhibit melanogenesis through the photobiomodulation (PBM) of melanocytes and keratinocytes.

Cannabidiol Inhibits Inflammation Induced by -Derived Extracellular Vesicles via Activation of CB2 Receptor in Keratinocytes.

Background: Acne is a common inflammatory skin disease, while cannabidiol (CBD) is a representative non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid which has been proved to exert universal anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to explore the effect of CBD on acne inflammation induced by -derived extracellular vesicles (CEVs) in keratinocytes and reveal the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) were stimulated by CEVs in the presence of CBD or vehicle.

Altered expression of ferroptosis markers and iron metabolism reveals a potential role of ferroptosis in vitiligo.

Oxidative stress is one of the triggering factors for vitiligo, which leads to melanocyte (MC) destruction in vitiligo lesions. Ferroptosis, which is characterized by iron-dependent increase in oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, has been widely explored in numerous diseases, whereas whether ferroptosis plays a role in MC loss of vitiligo remains to be elucidated. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis were used to determine the expression of ferroptosis markers in vitiligo patients.

Tranexamic acid inhibits melanogenesis partially via stimulation of TGF-β1 expression in human epidermal keratinocytes.

Oral tranexamic acid (TA) has been an effective treatment for melasma with unclear mechanism. The present study aimed to demonstrate the effect of TA on melanogenesis via regulation of TGF-β1 expression in keratinocytes. We firstly determined the expression level of TGF-β1 in TA-treated keratinocyte-conditioned medium (KCM).

The efficacy and safety of topical tranexamic acid (liposomal or lotion with microneedling) versus conventional hydroquinone in the treatment of melasma.

Background: Robust evidence regarding the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid (TA) on melasma in Chinese population is lacking.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1.8% liposomal TA and microneedling with 5% TA solution on melasma.

585 nm light-emitting diodes inhibit melanogenesis through upregulating H19/miR-675 axis in LEDs-irradiated keratinocytes by paracrine effect.

Background: 585 nm light-emitting diodes have been proven to suppress melanogenesis in melanocytes. However, whether LEDs will influence normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and paracrine effect of LEDs-irradiated NHEKs in melanogenesis remains unknown.

Objective: To elucidate the possible mechanisms in vitro of anti-melanogenic activity of 585 nm LEDs on paracrine effect of NHEKs and its exosomes.