The interaction of cellular protein ANP32A with influenza A virus polymerase component PB2 promotes vRNA synthesis.

The subunits PA, PB1, and PB2 of influenza A virus RNA polymerase are essential for efficient viral RNA synthesis and virus replication because of their role in recruiting multiple nuclear proteins. ANP32A is an acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 (ANP32) family member and a crucial cellular protein that determines the species specificity of the influenza virus RNA polymerase activity. However, how ANP32A modulates polymerase activity remains largely unknown.

Imaging of Plasmonic Chiral Radiative Local Density of States with Cathodoluminescence Nanoscopy.

Chiral light-matter interactions as an emerging aspect of quantum optics enable exceptional physical phenomena and advanced applications in nanophotonics through the nanoscale exploitation of photon-emitter interactions. The chiral radiative properties of quantum emitters strongly depend on the photonic environment, which can be drastically altered by plasmonic nanostructures with a high local density of states (LDOS). Hence, precise knowledge of the chiral photonic environment is essential for manipulating the chirality of light-matter interactions, which requires high resolution chiral characterization techniques.

Improvement in the method for borehole caliper measurement based on azimuthal gamma-gamma density well logging.

Accurate characterization of the size and shape of the borehole is critical to the effective borehole correction for logging while drilling (LWD) measurements. It is also necessary for the real-time evaluation of geomechanical wellbore stability and for optimizing drilling operation and determining proper completion strategies. The pseudo-caliper measurement can be derived from LWD azimuthal density measurement, where a linear empirical model is employed to calculate the tool standoffs.

Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification to rapidly detect .

(RRSV) is a very important virus that infects rice and causes serious yield losses in Asian countries and other major rice planting areas. Thus, it is urgent to establish an efficient and practical approach for identification and diagnosis in the field. Our results indicated that reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) reactions are more efficient and sensitive than RT-PCR for RRSV detection.

The Relationship Between Aortic Aneurysm Surgery Volume and Peri-Operative Mortality in Australia.

Objectives: Operative caseload is thought to be associated with peri-operative mortality following intact aortic aneurysm repair. The aim was to study that association in the Australian setting, which has a unique healthcare provision system and geographical population distribution.

Methods: The Australasian Vascular Audit database was used to capture volume measurements for both individual surgeon and hospital and to separate it into quintiles (1, lowest, to 5, highest) for endovascular (EVAR), open surgical repair (OSR), and subgroups of repair types between 2010 and 2016.

Success and failure of initial antiretroviral therapy in adults: an updated systematic review.

Background: We updated a prior systematic review of initial antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficacy through week 144.

Materials And Methods: Studies (1994 to July 2017) were drawn from PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, and major conferences; design, eligibility, patient, and ART data were abstracted.

A Bias Compensation Method for Distributed Moving Source Localization Using TDOA and FDOA with Sensor Location Errors.

Current bias compensation methods for distributed localization consider the time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) measurements noise, but ignore the negative influence by the sensor location uncertainties on source localization accuracy. Therefore, a new bias compensation method for distributed localization is proposed to improve the localization accuracy in this paper. This paper derives the theoretical bias of maximum likelihood estimation when the sensor location errors and positioning measurements noise both exist.

Carbon price volatility: The case of China.

Based on carbon spot prices selected from seven carbon pilots, we assess the financial performances related to carbon volatility in China on the overall perspective. According to the results, the Chinese carbon market fluctuated severely at the beginning of carbon trading, but has stabilised in general, despite several dramatic changes related to 'yearly compliance events'. Long-term memory exists in the volatility series.

Comparison of immunoadjuvant activities of four bursal peptides combined with H9N2 avian influenza virus vaccine.

The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is a central humoral immune organ unique to birds. Four bursal peptides (BP-I, BP-II, BP-III, and BP-IV) have been isolated and identified from the BF. In this study, the immunoadjuvant activities of BPs I to IV were examined in mice immunized with H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) vaccine.

Allosteric mechanisms underlie GPCR signaling to SH3-domain proteins through arrestin.

Signals from 800 G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to many SH3 domain-containing proteins (SH3-CPs) regulate important physiological functions. These GPCRs may share a common pathway by signaling to SH3-CPs via agonist-dependent arrestin recruitment rather than through direct interactions. In the present study, F-NMR and cellular studies revealed that downstream of GPCR activation engagement of the receptor-phospho-tail with arrestin allosterically regulates the specific conformational states and functional outcomes of remote β-arrestin 1 proline regions (PRs).

Propagation of interacting diseases on multilayer networks.

The study on the dynamics of interacting diseases has attracted considerable attention in recent years. This paper proposes a model for two interacting epidemics spreading concurrently on a two-layer network, where both the epidemic thresholds and the dynamics of disease outbreaks are investigated. The analytical expression of the epidemic threshold shows strong coupling between the two interacting epidemics.

Adjuvant Activity of Bursal Pentapeptide-(III-V) in Mice Immunized with the H9N2 Avian Influenza Vaccine.

Background: Bursal Pentapeptide (BPP)-(III-V) are peptides isolated from the Bursa of Fabricius (BF).

Method: The peptides' adjuvant activities were evaluated in mice immunized with the H9N2 avian influenza vaccine.

Results: The results showed that BPP-IV did not promote humoral or cellular immune responses.

LiMA: a study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial of lisdexamfetamine for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence.

Introduction: Methamphetamine dependence is a growing public health concern. There is currently no pharmacotherapy approved for methamphetamine dependence. Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) dimesylate, used in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and binge eating disorder, has potential as an agonist therapy for methamphetamine dependence, and possible benefits of reduced risk of aberrant use due to its novel formulation.

Lipopolysaccharide Induces Subacute Cerebral Microhemorrhages with Involvement of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rats.

Background: Cerebral microhemorrhage (CMH) is a neuropathological term that could be easily found in cerebral amyloid angiopathy, intracerebral hemorrhages, etc. CMHs could be detected clearly in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-susceptibility-weighted imaging or MRI T2* scan. This terminology is now accepted in the area of neuroimaging.

The antitumor activity screening of chemical constituents from Camellia nitidissima Chi.

Chemotherapy is the preferred and most common treatment for cancer in clinical practice. An increasing number of researchers all over the world are focusing on natural medicines to find new antitumor drugs, and several reports have shown that Camellia nitidissima (C. nitidissima) Chi could reduce blood-lipid, decrease blood pressure, resist oxidation, prevent carcinogenesis and inhibit tumors.

[Retracted] Apogossypolone inhibits the proliferation of LNCaP cells in vitro and in vivo.

An interested reader drew to the attention of the Editorial Board of Molecular Medicine Reports that certain data in the above paper had already been published in a previous study featuring several of the same authors [Zhang XQ, Huang XF, Hu XB, Zhan YH, An QX, Yang SM, Xia AJ, Yi J, Chen R, Mu SJ and Wu DC: "Apogossypolone, a novel inhibitor of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, induces autophagy of PC-3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells in vitro". Asian J Androl 12: 697-708, 2010]. Specifically, Figs.

Validation of the Delayed Matching-to-Sample Task 48 (DMS48) in Elderly Chinese.

Background: Delayed Matching-to-Sample Task 48 (DMS48), a brief tool measuring visual recognition memory, is valid to identify the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Caucasians. However, little data is available in Chinese.

Objective: To develop norms and optimal cutoff points for the DMS48 in Chinese elders.

Homocysteine directly interacts and activates the angiotensin II type I receptor to aggravate vascular injury.

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism underlying HHcy-aggravated vascular injury remains unclear. Here we show that the aggravation of abdominal aortic aneurysm by HHcy is abolished in mice with genetic deletion of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor and in mice treated with an AT1 blocker.

Variations of five eIF4E genes across cassava accessions exhibiting tolerant and susceptible responses to cassava brown streak disease.

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important tropical subsistence crop that is severely affected by cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) in East Africa. The disease is caused by Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV). Both have a (+)-sense single-stranded RNA genome with a 5' covalently-linked viral protein, which functionally resembles the cap structure of mRNA, binds to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) or its analogues, and then enable the translation of viral genomic RNA in host cells.

Weibo sentiments and stock return: A time-frequency view.

This study provides new insights into the relationships between social media sentiments and the stock market in China. Based on machine learning, we classify microblogs posted on Sina Weibo, a Twitter's variant in China into five detailed sentiments of anger, disgust, fear, joy, and sadness. Using wavelet analysis, we find close positive linkages between sentiments and the stock return, which have both frequency and time-varying features.

MiR-301b promotes the proliferation, mobility, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of bladder cancer cells by targeting EGR1.

We investigated the role of miR-301b in the modulation of the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer (BLCA) cells. The expression of miR-301b and EGR1 (early growth response gene 1) mRNA were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A dual-luciferase reporter gene system was used to identify the target relationship between miR-301b and EGR1.

Effect of Fanbaicao (Herba Potentillae Discoloris) oil on the expression of p21 and CDK4 in HepG2 cells.

Objective: To research the anti-cancer mechanism of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Fanbaicao (Herba Potentillae Discoloris) oil in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2.

Methods: Gas chromatography was used to analyze the components of Fanbaicao (Herba Potentillae Discoloris). We tested the inhibitory effect of Fanbaicao (Herba Potentillae Discoloris) oil on the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 in vitro using 3-(4, 5-Dimet hylt hiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dip henyltetrazolium bromide assays.

Hepatitis B virus PreS1 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma development by promoting appearance and self-renewal of liver cancer stem cells.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major etiologic agent of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanism by which HBV infection contributes to HCC development is not fully understood. Here, we initially showed that HBV stimulates the production of cancer stem cells (CSCs)-related markers (CD133, CD117 and CD90) and CSCs-related genes (Klf4, Sox2, Nanog, c-Myc and Oct4) and facilitates the self-renewal of CSCs in human hepatoma cells.

Phosphorylation of G Protein-Coupled Receptors: From the Barcode Hypothesis to the Flute Model.

Seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are often phosphorylated at the C terminus and on intracellular loops in response to various extracellular stimuli. Phosphorylation of GPCRs by GPCR kinases and certain other kinases can promote the recruitment of arrestin molecules. The arrestins critically regulate GPCR functions not only by mediating receptor desensitization and internalization, but also by redirecting signaling to G protein-independent pathways via interactions with numerous downstream effector molecules.

Arrestin-biased AT1R agonism induces acute catecholamine secretion through TRPC3 coupling.

Acute hormone secretion triggered by G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activation underlies many fundamental physiological processes. GPCR signalling is negatively regulated by β-arrestins, adaptor molecules that also activate different intracellular signalling pathways. Here we reveal that TRV120027, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), stimulates acute catecholamine secretion through coupling with the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C 3 (TRPC3).