Clonal Hematopoiesis and Risk of New-Onset Myocarditis and Pericarditis.

Importance: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is the age-related clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells with leukemia-associated mutations. Certain CHIP mutations promote atherosclerosis and heart failure through immune-related pathways.

Objective: To test whether CHIP is associated with the development of myocarditis and pericarditis.

Salience or value: what drives priority in pain-cognition interactions?

The evolutionary function of pain is to protect against injury by capturing attention and motivating nocifensive behavior. This makes pain inherently salient and capable of disrupting the pursuit of competing goals. However, this interference can sometimes be overridden by concurrent demands.

Corrigendum: A double-edged effect of hypoxia on astrocyte-derived exosome releases.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ebm.2025.

Complex of butyric acid with the amorphous region of starch granules via high-pressure processing.

This study investigates the potential of high-pressure processing (HPP) to promote butyric acid entrapment within maize, pea, and potato starch granules. Starch treated at 600 MPa and 5 °C exhibited partial gelatinization and increased amorphous content, as confirmed by microscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Butyric acid was incorporated at 4.

Tools/instruments for assessing YouTube videos on surgical procedures for patient/consumer health education: a systematic review.

Background: YouTube is becoming an increasingly popular platform for health education; however, its reliability for surgical patient education remains largely unexplored. Given the global prevalence of preoperative anxiety, it becomes essential to ensure accurate information online.

Objectives: The objective is to assess tools/instruments used to evaluate YouTube videos on surgical procedures created to educate patients or health consumers.

The Dynamical Role of Optical Phonons and Sublattice Screening in a Solid-State Ion Conductor.

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) require ionic conductivities that are competitive with liquid electrolytes to realize applications in all-solid-state batteries. Although candidate SSEs have been discovered, the underlying mechanisms enabling superionic conduction (>1 mS cm) remain elusive. In particular, the role of ultrafast lattice dynamics in mediating ion migration, which involves couplings between ions, phonons, and electrons, is rarely explored experimentally at their corresponding time scales.

Student Self-Assessment Skills and Gender in the United States, Egypt and Japan: An Observational Study in Preclinical Dentistry.

Introduction: This observational study seeks to investigate student self-assessment skills in the United States, Egypt and Japan and to elucidate gender's impact on the self-assessment abilities of students from various cultural backgrounds.

Methods: Dental students from the United States (n = 350), Egypt (n = 335) and Japan (n = 301) completed various preclinical exercises. In the United States, students took preclinical practical exams in Class II amalgam preparation and restoration and Class III resin-composite preparation and restoration.

A double-edged effect of hypoxia on astrocyte-derived exosome releases.

Exosomes are the smallest extracellular vesicles secreted from cells, carrying different cargos, including nucleic acids, proteins and others which transfer from cells to cells. The properties of exosomes depend on the donor cells. Hypoxia, referring to a sublethal and insufficient oxygen supply, reportedly influences exosome secretion of hypoxic cells.

Involvement of EGFR-AKT signaling in hemin-induced neurotoxicity.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), as bleeding from ruptured vessels within the brain, is the second leading neuropathological problem following ischemic stroke. In the present study, the involvement of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase (TK) signaling underlying ICH-related neurodegeneration was investigated using afatinib, a clinically available EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). We employed hemin (a breakdown product of hemoglobin) to mimic the pathophysiology of ICH in primary cultured cortical neurons.

Malignant Teratoid Medulloepithelioma with Rhabdomyosarcomatous Differentiation.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to identify and report the clinicopathologic features of two cases of intraocular malignant teratoid medulloepitheliomas with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation.

Case Presentations: The clinical and pathologic findings in 2 patients who underwent enucleation for intraocular tumors were reviewed. The eyes were sectioned routinely, and immunohistochemical stains were performed to evaluate the intraocular tumors.

Stunted African toddlers digest and obtain energy from energy-dense thick sorghum porridge.

Background/objectives: Increasing the energy density of porridges could help meet the needs of moderately malnourished, stunted children. However, it is not clear whether stunted toddlers can adequately digest and obtain energy from energy-dense porridges with thick texture. A clinical study was conducted in Bamako, Mali, using C-labeled substrates and serial breath sampling to determine whether stunted toddlers differed from healthy toddlers in their capacity to digest thick and thin sorghum porridges.

Partial Decellularization Retains Cartilage Immune Privilege in Tissue Engineered Tracheal Grafts.

Objectives: Tracheal allografts have been used to reconstruct the human airway. However, the need for immunosuppression could ultimately limit their clinical translation. Partial decellularization (PD) has the potential to eliminate allograft immunogenicity while preserving donor cartilage.

Portable Bedside Low-field MRI for Assessment of Ventricular Size.

Background And Purpose: Low-field portable MRI (pMRI) has been shown to be a useful alternative neuroimaging tool in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU), potentially addressing challenges associated with the transport of critically ill patients. We aimed to evaluate the intermodality reliability between low-field pMRI and conventional neuroimaging (CN) for assessment of ventricular size and hydrocephalus.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included all patients who underwent point-of-care 64mT pMRI at a single tertiary hospital from March 30, 2022 to January 4, 2024, and had a follow-up CN, either CT or MRI, performed within 24 hours of the pMRI scan.

The Cost-Effectiveness of Tenofovir Alafenamide for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus in Taiwan.

Unlabelled: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a lifelong disease requiring long-term or indefinite therapy, resulting in substantial economic burden. Thus, careful consideration must be used in the selection of therapies. This analysis assessed the cost-effectiveness of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and entecavir (ETV) from the perspective of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Administration Healthcare payer for the management of CHB over a lifetime horizon.

Patient-Selection of a Clinical Trial Primary Outcome: The ENHANCE-AF Outcomes Survey.

Introduction: Before the initiation of the ENHANCE-AF clinical trial, which tested a novel digital shared decision-making tool to guide the use of anticoagulants in stroke prevention for patients with atrial fibrillation, this study aimed to identify the most appropriate, patient-selected primary outcome and to examine whether outcome selection varied by demographic and clinical characteristics.

Methods: Our cross-sectional survey asked 100 participants with atrial fibrillation to rank two alternative scales based on the scales' ability to reflect their experiences with decision-making for anticoagulation. The Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS), a 16-item scale, measures perceptions of uncertainty in choosing options.

Tips and challenges for clinical use and interpretation of low field portable MRI in neuroimaging.

Low field portable MRI (LF pMRI) is a new imaging tool that holds promise in offering a safe, cost-effective, point-of-care imaging solution in neuroimaging. There are however unique interpretive challenges and operational factors and limitations in its implementation in clinical practice. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive guide on the tips and tricks of interpreting LF pMRI, specifically the Hyperfine Swoop® MRI system, which operates at 0.

Current and Future Cornea Chip Models for Advancing Ophthalmic Research and Therapeutics.

Corneal blindness remains a significant global health challenge, with limited treatment options due to donor tissue scarcity outside of the United States and inadequate in vitro models. This review analyzes the current state of cornea chip technology, addressing fundamental challenges and exploring future directions. Recent advancements in biomaterials and fabrication techniques are discussed that aim to recapitulate the complex structure and function of the human cornea, including the multilayered epithelium, organized stroma, and functional endothelium.

A comprehensive analysis of MRI-related Cochlear implant adverse events reported by FDA's manufacturer and user facility device experience database.

Objective: Identify MRI-related cochlear implant (CI) adverse events from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database and determine whether devices with diametric magnets are associated with reduced adverse events.

Methods: Data on MRI-related adverse events were collected from the MAUDE database for reports filed between 01/01/2013 and 01/29/2023. Outcomes and interventions were manually extracted.

On the Architecture of Starch Granules Revealed by Iodine Binding and Lintnerization. Part 2: Molecular Structure of Lintnerized Starches.

This investigation validated iodine binding in combination with lintnerization for studying the structural nature of the amorphous areas in starch granules. Lintners of four iodine vapor-stained and non-stained amylose-containing starches and their waxy counterparts were analyzed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC). The composition of the lintners was strongly affected by the absence of amylose in barley and potato starch but not in maize and cassava starch.

Loss-of-function mutations in Dnmt3a and Tet2 lead to accelerated atherosclerosis and concordant macrophage phenotypes.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is defined by the presence of a cancer-associated somatic mutation in white blood cells in the absence of overt hematological malignancy. It arises most commonly from loss-of-function mutations in the epigenetic regulators DNMT3A and TET2. CHIP predisposes to both hematological malignancies and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in humans.

Laser-driven ultrafast impedance spectroscopy for measuring complex ion hopping processes.

Superionic conductors, or solid-state ion-conductors surpassing 0.01 S/cm in conductivity, can enable more energy dense batteries, robust artificial ion pumps, and optimized fuel cells. However, tailoring superionic conductors requires precise knowledge of ion migration mechanisms that are still not well understood due to limitations set by available spectroscopic tools.

Association between gender and self-assessment skills amongst Japanese dental students.

Background/purpose: Self-assessment in dental education is considered a fundamental skill for proficient oral healthcare providers. While previous studies looked at self-assessment in education, few have done so at Japanese institutions. This study aimed to assess potential associations between gender and self-assessment skills in Japanese dental students.