AI Workflow, External Validation, and Development in Eye Disease Diagnosis.

Importance: Timely disease diagnosis is challenging due to limited clinical availability and growing burdens. Although artificial intelligence (AI) has shown expert-level diagnostic accuracy, a lack of downstream accountability, including workflow integration, external validation, and further development, continues to hinder its clinical adoption.

Objective: To address gaps in the downstream accountability of medical AI through a case study on age-related macular degeneration (AMD) diagnosis and severity classification.

Malignant Teratoid Medulloepithelioma with Rhabdomyosarcomatous Differentiation.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to identify and report the clinicopathologic features of two cases of intraocular malignant teratoid medulloepitheliomas with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation.

Case Presentations: The clinical and pathologic findings in 2 patients who underwent enucleation for intraocular tumors were reviewed. The eyes were sectioned routinely, and immunohistochemical stains were performed to evaluate the intraocular tumors.

The Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Prostaglandin E1 in the Management of Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) for the management of central/branch retinal artery occlusion (CRAO/BRAO).

Methods: Our protocol was registered prospectively on PROSPERO (CRD42024522961). We searched 4 electronic databases [PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar] to retrieve all studies reported using PGE1 for patients with CRAO/BRAO.

Pediatric and Adolescent Traumatic Macular Hole: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: The optimal management of pediatric traumatic macular holes (TMH) is unclear from lack of prospective randomized trials. The literature is divided into early (≤1month post-trauma), delayed (>1 month) pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), and observation. Our aim is to find which group can achieve best-superior spectacle corrected visual acuity (VA), visual gain, and time for hole closure.

COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Optic Neuropathy: A Systematic Review of 45 Patients.

We provide a systematic review of published cases of optic neuropathy following COVID-19 vaccination. We used Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Search terms included: “COVID-19 vaccination”, “optic neuropathy”, “optic neuritis”, and “ischemic optic neuropathy”.