Investigation of mechanical properties and micromechanisms of saline soil modified with synthetic fibers.

To study the mechanical properties and microscopic morphology of salt-affected soil after being improved by fiber types and contents, the article analyzes the unconfined compressive strength and shear strength of the sulfate-affected soil in Kashi, Xinjiang, China, which four different fiber contents have improved. Some samples are tested by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) microanalysis. The article selects the sample with the highest improved unconfined compressive strength for dry-wet cycling and dissolution test.

Oxidative Ferritin Destruction: A Key Mechanism of Iron Overload in Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatocyte Ferroptosis.

Although acetaminophen (APAP) overdose represents the predominant cause of drug-induced acute liver failure (ALF) worldwide and has been extensively studied, the modes of cell death remain debatable and the treatment approach for APAP-induced acute liver failure is still limited. This study investigated the mechanisms of APAP hepatotoxicity in primary mouse hepatocytes (PMHs) by using integrated methods (MTT assay, HPLC analysis for glutathione (GSH), Calcein-AM for labile iron pool detection, confocal microscopy for lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial superoxide measurements, electron microscopy observation, and Western blot analysis for ferritin), focusing on the role of iron dysregulation under oxidative stress. Our results showed that 20 mM APAP treatment induced characteristic features of ferroptosis, including GSH depletion, mitochondrial dysfunction, and iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.

Loperamide reverses 5‑FU resistance in colorectal cancer by activating autophagy.

5‑Fluorouracil (5‑FU), a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent used for colorectal cancer therapy, has long been established as a first‑line treatment. However, clinical evidence has suggested that a substantial proportion of patients develop resistance to 5‑FU, notably compromising its therapeutic efficacy. The present study aimed to investigate whether loperamide (LOP) can enhance the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5‑FU and to elucidate the potential underlying molecular mechanism.

Mpox virus: virology, molecular epidemiology, and global public health challenges.

Monkeypox (Mpox), a zoonotic disease caused by the Mpox virus (MPXV), has re-emerged as a significant global health concern, particularly since the 2022 outbreaks in non-endemic countries. MPXV shares close virological and genetic similarities with other orthopoxviruses, notably variola virus. The current circulating strains, primarily of clade IIb, exhibit enhanced human-to-human transmissibility.

Non-traditional lipid biomarkers in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: pathophysiological mechanisms and strategies to address residual risk.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) pathogenesis is fundamentally driven by dyslipidemia, characterized by lipid metabolism disorders that facilitate cholesterol deposition within damaged vascular endothelia. This process culminates in atherosclerotic plaque formation and coronary stenosis, ultimately inducing myocardial ischemia. While low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) remains the principal lipid determinant of ASCVD progression, emerging evidence indicates persistent residual cardiovascular risk despite optimal statin-mediated LDL-C control.

Development and internal validation of a nomogram for sleep quality among Chinese medical students: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Poor sleep quality is common among Chinese medical students. Identifying its predictors is essential for implementing individualized interventions. However, clinical prediction models targeting sleep quality in this population remain scarce.

Disposal practices of unwanted household medications in China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to understand disposal practices of unwanted medications in Chinese households and examine associations between influencing factors and these disposal practices.

Design: A nationwide cross-sectional study conducted between 11 October and 26 October 2018.

Setting: Municipalities directly under the central government and provincial capitals across 30 provinces and autonomous regions.

Spiro-Linked Planar Core Small Molecule Hole Transport Materials Enabling High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Small-molecule organic semiconductors have demonstrated significant potential for application in hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), thanks to their high reproducibility and convenient synthesis routes. Finely designed planar π-π stacking structures have emerged as one of the primary strategies for achieving high-performance small-molecule HTMs. In particular, the incorporation of a helical structure into HTM designs through a linearization approach has proven effective, leading to the development of novel materials with superior properties.

Study on digging form of mechanized harvesting of Cyperus esculentus and optimization test of device parameters.

This paper proposes an innovative back-rotating flinging method for digging out oilseed beans, which is more suitable for lifting the excavated material, in response to the short service life of the existing digging device caused by the entanglement of the root system with the cutting tool. Through the analysis of the interaction and influence between the rotary tiller and the soil-root complex of the plant, a kinetic model of the soil-root complex of the kudzu rhizome being chopped and thrown was constructed, and the operating mechanism of the reverse rotary tiller for the overall overturning, digging and collision fragmentation of the soil-root complex of the plant root system was clarified. A discrete element model of the soil-enveloped root system of the hyacinth bean plant was constructed in its entirety.

Integrating Urea-Based Units Into Porphyrinic Covalent Organic Framework for Efficient Artemisinin Photosynthesis.

Artemisinin and its derivatives are the most efficacious treatment for malaria, and the artificial synthesis of artemisinin supplies a promising method to satisfy market demand. However, conventional artemisinin preparation via homogeneous photo/acid-catalytic reactions usually suffers from the difficulty in recycling the photo/acid-catalysts and treating waste acid. Consequently, it is still highly urgent for developing environment-friendly and effective artificial preparation methods for artemisinin.

Genome sequencing of a novel Verticillium dahliae strain (huangweibingjun).

Verticillium dahliae is a soilborne pathogenic fungus that causes vascular discoloration and wilting in a broad spectrum of plant hosts, affecting about 400 species, such as cotton, potatoes, watermelon, cucumber, spinach, etc. In 2021, V. dahliae was estimated to cause about 15-20% reduction in cotton in China.

Prognostic biomarker RIMS1 and its association with immune infiltration in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadly malignant tumor of the nervous system. RIMS1, a member of the RAS gene superfamily, plays a critical role in signaling pathways regulating cell growth and differentiation. However, the prognostic value of RIMS1, particularly its relationship with immune cell infiltration in gliomas, has not been fully explored.

Plant-aphid interactions: recent trends in plant resistance to aphids.

Aphids are highly destructive agricultural pests characterized by complex life cycles and phenotypic variability, facilitating their adaptation to diverse climates and host plants. Their feeding behavior leads to plant deformation, wilting, stunted growth, disease transmission, and significant yield losses. Given the economic risks aphids pose, regular updates on their seasonal behaviors, adaptive mechanisms, and destructive activities are critical for improving management strategies to mitigate crop losses.

Vulcanization Characteristics and Static/Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Chlorinated Butyl Rubber Matrix Materials.

The damping performance of chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) is exceptional; however, its poor processability during vulcanization can lead to numerous defects. Natural rubber (NR) and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) were selected to blend with CIIR for improving its processing performance. Their effects on the vulcanization characteristics, mechanical properties, and damping performance were investigated.

Orientation of Nonspherical Nanoparticles in Ordered Block Copolymer for Functional Materials.

In the fields of controllable catalysis, electromagnetic field manipulation, and nanoscience, mediated self-assembly has become a key method for controlling the orientation of nonspherical nanoparticles. The ordered structures formed by block copolymer self-assembly can provide an orientation matrix for nonspherical nanoparticles. Based on self-consistent field theory, this study investigates the orientation effects of monaxially symmetric cylindrical nanoparticles in the lamellar phases formed by block copolymers.

Red blood cells undergo lytic programmed cell death involving NLRP3.

The canonical complement-mediated lysis of mature red blood cells (RBCs) leads to severe pathogenesis. However, inhibition strategies targeting complement are not always as efficient as expected, indicating that unknown mechanisms are awaiting elucidation. In this study, we investigate the intracellular events in mature RBCs following complement activation.

Piperazine-Linked Phthalocyanine Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Anodic Lithium Storage.

Organic anode materials have been considered as promising electrodes for achieving low-cost and sustainable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, organic materials face challenges, such as inadequate cycling stability and sluggish reaction kinetics, leading to an unsatisfactory LIB performance. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) possess a porous and designable structure coupled with exceptional stability, making them promising candidates for anode electrodes in LIBs to address the challenges.

Midsagittal Tissue Bridges as Predictors of Neurological Recovery in Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between intramedullary injury and midsagittal tissue bridges at the epicenter of subacute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and long-term clinical recovery.

Methods: Imaging and clinical data from 57 traumatic cervical SCI patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were retrospectively assessed. Midsagittal T2-weighted scans at 1 month postinjury were used to quantify lesion size and tissue bridge width.

Global temporal trends in depression incidence among women of childbearing age: A 30-year analysis and projections to 2030.

This study examines global trends in depression incidence among women of childbearing age (WCBA) from 1992 to 2021 and projects future trends through 2030. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 and applying the age-period-cohort (APC) model, we analyzed temporal patterns across age groups, periods, and birth cohorts. The global incidence of depression in WCBA increased from 77.

[Unveiling the molecular features and diagnosis and treatment prospects of immunothrombosis via integrated bioinformatics analysis].

Objective To investigate the common molecular features of immunothrombosis, thus enhancing the comprehension of thrombosis triggered by immune and inflammatory responses and offering crucial insights for identifying potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Methods Differential gene expression analysis and functional enrichment analysis were conducted on datasets of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and venous thromboembolism (VTE). The intersection of differentially expressed genes in SLE and VTE with those of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) yielded cross-talk genes (CG) for SLE-NET and VTE-NET interaction.

SGLT2i delays c-Myc-induced HCC progression via targeting mTOR.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as a primary malignant liver tumor characterized by metabolic reprogramming. The oncogene c-Myc exerts substantial influence by driving the transcription of numerous genes. Empagliflozin (EMPA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), is widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and has recently attracted attention for its potential anti-cancer effects.

Ultrasound combined with radiographic localization assisting in emergency foreign body removal surgery.

This case report presents a successful retrieval of a metallic foreign body located in the soft tissue of the patient's posterior thigh using a combination of ultrasound and radiography localization in an emergency setting. The combined use of ultrasound and radiography localization facilitated precise localization, reduced surgical trauma, decreased radiation exposure, and contributed to the rapid recovery of the patient.

The clinical significance of T-cell regulation in hypertension treatment.

Hypertension, a globally prevalent condition, is closely associated with T cell-mediated inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that T cells, by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin-17 (IL-17), and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), directly lead to vascular dysfunction and elevated blood pressure. The activation of Th1 and Th17 cell subsets, along with the dysfunction of regulatory T cells (Tregs), is a critical mechanism in the onset and progression of hypertension.

State-of-the-Art Review of the Performance of Fiber-Reinforced-Composite-Confined Concrete Columns at Ambient Temperatures.

This paper investigates the effect of fiber-reinforced composites (FRPs) on the mechanical properties of concrete under ambient conditions. It begins with an examination of the various types of FRP and their advantages, followed by a review of isostructural models for passively restrained concrete under ambient conditions. These models are categorized into two main groups: those assuming constant confining stresses and those that incorporate stress constraints related to the loading history.