Rice Heat Stress Response: Physiological Changes and Molecular Regulatory Network Research Progress.

Global climate change has markedly increased the frequency of heat stress events in rice, severely threatening both yield and grain quality and posing a substantial challenge to global food security. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying heat tolerance in rice is therefore essential to facilitate the breeding of thermotolerant cultivars. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of heat stress on rice agronomic traits across various developmental stages.

Sonoelectric Nanonet-Activated Extracellular Electron Transfer for Wireless Non-Genetic Stimulation of Pancreatic β Cells.

Engineered cell-based therapy is an emerging approach for treating intractable diseases, in which the remote control of cellular behavior necessitates robust physical input-sensing-response systems. Nanomaterials represent promising tools to enable wireless remote control of cells. To achieve this, the precise anchoring of nanomaterials to target cells is crucial for nanomaterial-engineered cells to prevent undesired effects such as endocytosis and diffusion.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of deep learning for MSI-H in colorectal cancer whole slide images.

This meta-analysis evaluated diagnostic performance of deep learning (DL) algorithms using whole slide images (WSIs) for detecting microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) in colorectal cancer (CRC). PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched until January 2025. Nineteen studies comprising 33,383 samples were included.

Activatable and Renal Metabolizable NIR-II Emissive Au Nanoprobe for Real-Time Monitoring of Kidney GSH.

Glutathione (GSH) plays a crucial role in maintaining redox homeostasis in the kidneys. Therefore, achieving real-time dynamic monitoring of renal GSH is of significant importance for the early diagnosis and prevention of kidney oxidative-reductive imbalance. Herein, intelligently activatable and renally clearable second near-infrared (NIR-II) emissive gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) were designed for real-time dynamic monitoring of renal GSH expression levels.

Antioxidant RuCo nanosheet attenuates capsule fibrosis in adhesive capsulitis of shoulder by p38 MAPK signaling pathway inhibition.

Adhesive capsulitis of shoulder (ACS) is a prevalent orthopedic disorder characterized by pain and restricted range of motion (ROM). The pathogenesis of ACS remains unclear and current treatments have limited efficacy in terms of long-term outcomes. Here, we synthesized antioxidant RuCo nanosheets (RuCo-NSs) for the treatment of ACS.

Aerobic Exercise Alleviates Cardiac Dysfunction Correlated with Lipidomics and Mitochondrial Quality Control.

Cardiac adaptations induced by aerobic exercise have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and the autonomic nervous system is closely associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. Aerobic exercise intervention has been shown to enhance cardiac function and mitigate myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy in heart failure mice. Further insights reveal that cardiomyocytes experiencing chronic heart failure undergo modifications in their lipidomic profile, including remodeling of multiple myocardial membrane phospholipids.

Electron Phase Detection in Single Molecules by Interferometry.

Interferometry has underpinned a century of discoveries, ranging from the disproval of the ether theory to the detection of gravitational waves, offering insights into wave dynamics with unrivaled precision through the measurement of phase relationships. In electronics, phase-sensitive measurements can probe the nature of transmissive topological and quantum states, but are only possible using complex device structures in magnetic fields. Here we demonstrate electronic interferometry in a single-molecule device through the study of nonequilibrium Fano resonances.

The effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on cognitive impairment in depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cognition is commonly compromised in depression, and non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been well-established in the treatment of depression, but its efficacy for treating cognitive deficit has not been fully elucidated. Based on the available evidence on NIBS, we conducted a meta-analysis to systematically assess the efficacy of NIBS in improving cognitive deficits in depressed patients.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases up to February 20, 2025.

Montmorillonite-Based Oral Vaccine for Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy through Mucosal Immune Activation.

Mucosal cancer, a kind of malignancy originating in mucosal tissues and affecting various organs, such as colorectal cancer, is a major health challenge worldwide. Effective activation of mucosal immunity is crucial for its prevention and treatment. However, conventional vaccines administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly often fail to stimulate a robust immune response against mucosal cancer.

Discovery of triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-conjugated GNX-865 and therapeutic hypothermia in neuron acute ischemia-reperfusion injury: the RISK pathway and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening.

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) poses a significant challenge to healthcare systems and severely impacts patients' quality of life. Therapeutic hypothermia is the most effective and widely recommended treatment; however, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the meta-transcriptome analysis identified the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) as a key pathway involved in HIBD.

Clinical outcomes of EGFR-TKI in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma and EGFR-TKI remodel tumor immune microenvironment.

Background: Clinical data is scarce in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), and the resistance mechanisms to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is rarely studied. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of EGFR-TKI treatment in EGFR-mutated LUSC patients .

Methods: Data of a cohort of 99 LUSC patients who were treated with EGFR-TKI and were followed up to October 31, 2023.

Diagnostic performance of [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET vs. [F]FDG PET in detecting lymph node metastasis in digestive system cancers: a head-to-head comparative meta-analysis.

Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the diagnostic effectiveness of [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET and [F]FDG PET for detecting lymph node metastasis in digestive system cancer patients.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases was conducted to identify relevant articles up to June 2024. Studies were included if they evaluated the diagnostic performance of [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET and [F]FDG PET in detecting lymph node metastasis in digestive system cancer patients.

Enzyme-Mimic Activities of RuCo Bimetallic Nanosheets for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment.

The presence of abnormal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a recognized pathological feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, the development of orally administered antioxidants with high antioxidative capacity and gastric acid tolerance for the treatment of IBD is of great significance. Here, we present the design and synthesis of a bimetallic ruthenium-cobalt (RuCo) nanosheet for the treatment of IBD.

Bacterial cell wall-specific nanomedicine for the elimination of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through electron-mechanical intervention.

Personalized synergistic antibacterial agents against diverse bacterial strains are receiving increasing attention in combating antimicrobial resistance. However, the current research has been struggling to strike a balance between strain specificity and broad-spectrum bactericidal activity. Here, we propose a bacterial cell wall-specific antibacterial strategy based on an in situ engineered nanocomposite consisting of carbon substrate and decorated TiO dots, termed TiO@C.

The efficacy, safety, and persistence of vedolizumab versus adalimumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the efficacy, safety, and treatment persistence of vedolizumab and adalimumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: Through a comprehensive search of three databases up to September 2024, we calculated pooled effect estimates for binary outcomes using risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran's I and Q statistics, with a random-effects model applied when I exceeded 50%, and a fixed-effects model used otherwise.

Field Demonstration of In Situ Remediation of Contaminated Groundwater Using Ozone Micro-Nano-Bubble-Enhanced Oxidation.

The ozone micro-nano-bubble-enhanced oxidation (OMNBEO) technology has shown great potential for organics-contaminated groundwater remediation in laboratory studies. However, few studies addressed its effectiveness in engineering practices as well as the impact on the groundwater environment. In this study, a field demonstration was conducted to investigate the efficiency of OMNBEO in remediating groundwater contaminated by various organic compounds.

Nab-paclitaxel combined with cadonilimab (AK104) as second-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer: protocol for a phase II prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide, often diagnosed at an advanced stage with a poor prognosis. Paclitaxel, nab-paclitaxel, and irinotecan, either as monotherapies or in combination with ramucirumab, are currently standard second-line treatments for GC. However, the efficacy of these therapies is limited, necessitating the development of new combination strategies to improve response rates.

Opening of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Mediated Myocardial Damage After Perinatal Asphyxia in Neonatal Rats.

Objectives: This study investigated the mechanisms underlying myocardial damage after perinatal hypoxia.

Methods: An intrauterine hypoxia-ischemia model (I/U HI) and a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model were established. Myocardial damage, mitochondrial function, and mitochondria permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening were determined.

Eco-friendly synthesis of CsBiBr perovskite quantum dots using castor oil as solvent and ligand for leather anti-counterfeiting.

All-inorganic cesium bismuth bromide perovskite quantum dots(CsBiBr PQDs) have emerged as promising alternatives to lead-based perovskite quantum dots with excellent performance due to their low toxicity, drawing extensive attention over recent decades. However, challenges remain in terms of their stability and the reliance on organic solvents during the preparation process. Herein, a novel synthesis method for CsBiBr PQDs is introduced, utilizing eco-friendly castor oil as both the solvent and ligand (CO-CsBiBr).

aPD-L1-facilitated theranostic and tumor microenvironment remodeling of pancreatic cancer via docetaxel-loaded phase-transformation nanoparticles triggered by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound.

Early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is challenging because of its depth, which often leads to misdiagnosis during ultrasound examinations. The unique PDAC tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by significant fibrous tissue growth, and high interstitial pressure hinders drug penetration into tumors. Additionally, hypoxia and immune suppression within the tumor contribute to poor responses to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, ultimately leading to an unfavorable prognosis.

Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Docking Studies of 2-hydroxy-4-benzyloxy Chalcone Derivatives as Multifunctional Agents for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, but no drugs can cure this disease. Chalcones possess good antioxidant activity, anti-neuroinflammatory activity, neuroprotective effects, inhibitory effects on Aβ aggregation, and Aβ disaggregation ability. Therefore, chalcones are ideal lead compounds, and the discovery of novel anti-AD agent-based chalcones is necessary.

Efficacy and safety of S-1 plus oxaliplatin combined with apatinib and camrelizumab as neoadjuvant therapy for patients with locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a protocol for a single-arm phase II trial.

Gastric cancer, as the fifth most diagnosed malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death globally, remains a significant health concern. The potential effect of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, when used alongside chemotherapy and antiangiogenic agents in neoadjuvant therapy for gastric cancer, has yet to be explored in the published literature. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the S-1 plus oxaliplatin (SOX) regimen when combined with apatinib and camrelizumab (SOXAC) as neoadjuvant therapy for patients with locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma.

Weight and Lifestyle Behavior Changes in Chinese Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: 3-Year Retrospective Survey.

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) played a key role in preventing and controlling COVID-19. Higher infection risks and intensive work led to occupational burnout for many HCWs, which may affect their lifestyle behaviors and weight.

Objective: This study aimed to assess HCWs' self-rated health status, overweight and obesity rates, lifestyle behaviors, and psychoemotional changes from 2019 to 2022 across China and to analyze the factors associated with changes from underweight or normal weight in 2019 to overweight or obese in 2022.

Experimental investigation on heat and moisture transfer of propylene glycol-mixed steam in porous media.

Propylene glycol (PG)-mixed steam enhanced extraction is a promising remediation technique for removing semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) from the unsaturated zone. However, the mechanisms of heat and moisture transfer during PG-mixed steam injection remain unclear. In this study, a 2D experimental system was developed to enable non-invasive monitoring of the spatio-temporal distribution of temperature and degree of saturation during steam injection into porous media.