Elevated ubiquitin phosphorylation by PINK1 contributes to proteasomal impairment and promotes neurodegeneration.

Ubiquitin (Ub), a central regulator of protein turnover, can be phosphorylated by PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1) to generate S65-phosphorylated ubiquitin (pUb). Elevated pUb levels have been observed in aged human brains and in Parkinson's disease, but the mechanistic link between pUb elevation and neurodegeneration remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that pUb elevation is a common feature under neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, aging, and ischemic injury.

Inhibition of Hsp90 Alleviates Necroptosis and Inflammation in Lung Epithelial Cells During Pulmonary Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a critical pathological process associated with various clinical conditions, characterised by excessive inflammatory responses and cell death, which can lead to severe respiratory dysfunction and even mortality. However, no effective therapeutic strategy is currently available. This study investigates the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of the Hsp90 inhibitor 17-dimethylaminoethylamino (17-DMAG) in LIRI.

Single center evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of CellDetect assay in early bladder cancer patients.

Until recently, the main diagnostic methods for bladder cancer (BC) are still voided urine cytology and cystoscopy, and many drawbacks persist. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the CellDetect assay in the detection of BC with comparison to standard diagnostic methods. Between August 2020 and July 2022, B-ultrasonography or computed tomography (CT) scan was performed for patients with hematuria or irritative voiding symptoms.

Thoracoscopic three-port single versus multiple intercostal for radical resection of esophageal cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the safety and feasibility of single-intercostal totally minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy (MIIE) with those of multiple-intercostal MIIE.

Methods: Between January 2016 and December 2022, clinical data were collected for 528 patients who successfully underwent totally minimally invasive esophagectomy. Among these patients, 294 underwent MIIE, with 200 undergoing the single-intercostal approach and 94 undergoing the multiple-intercostal approach.

Hypoxia inhibits the iMo/cDC2/CD8+ TRMs immune axis in the tumor microenvironment of human esophageal cancer.

Background: Esophageal cancer (ESCA) is a form of malignant tumor associated with chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation. However, the specific immune status and key mechanisms of immune regulation in this disease require further exploration.

Methods: To investigate the features of the human ESCA tumor immune microenvironment and its possible regulation, we performed mass cytometry by time of flight, single-cell RNA sequencing, multicolor fluorescence staining of tissue, and flow cytometry analyses on tumor and paracancerous tissue from treatment-naïve patients.

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase prompts bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by driving macrophage M2 polarization in mice.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible, fatal interstitial lung disease lacking specific therapeutics. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage biosynthesis pathway and a cytokine, has been previously reported as a biomarker for lung diseases; however, the role of NAMPT in pulmonary fibrosis has not been elucidated. We identified the NAMPT level changes in pulmonary fibrosis by analyzing public RNA-Seq databases, verified in collected clinical samples and mice pulmonary fibrosis model by Western blotting, qRT-PCR, ELISA and Immunohistochemical staining.

A modified orthotopic left lung transplantation model in rats.

To enhance the operability of the rat orthotopic left lung transplantation model, we implemented several improvements and meticulously detailed the procedure. One hundred and thirty-one healthy male Sprague Dawley rats, weighing between 250 and 300 g, were utilized, with 64 serving as donors, 64 as recipients, and 3 as sham controls. We employed a modified three-cuff technique for the orthotopic left lung transplantation.

Curcumin alleviated oxidation stress injury by mediating osteopontin in nephrolithiasis rats.

Purpose: To explore the role and mechanism of curcumin (Cur) in reducing oxidative stress damage in rats with nephrolithiasis induced by ethylene glycol (EG).

Methods: Thirty male rats were divided into normal control, model, positive (10% potassium citrate), Cur-10 (10 mg/kg curcumin) and Cur-20 (20 mg/kg curcumin) groups.

Results: The results of kidney tissue section stained by hematoxylin-eosin and von Kossa showed that curcumin treatment can inhibit the formation of kidney stones.

m7G-related gene NUDT4 as a novel biomarker promoting cancer cell proliferation in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality in cancer patients. N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification as a translational regulation pattern has been reported to participate in multiple types of cancer progression, but little is known in lung cancer. This study attempts to explore the role of m7G-related proteins in genetic and epigenetic variations in lung adenocarcinoma, and its relationship with clinical prognosis, immune infiltration, and immunotherapy.

Necrostatin-1 Alleviates Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Inhibiting Necroptosis and Apoptosis of Lung Epithelial Cells.

Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is associated with many diseases, including primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation, and has no specific and effective therapies. Necroptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), the necroptosis inhibitor targeting RIPK1, has been reported to alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury in various organs.

Catalpol alleviates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Purpose: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is a major problem in the clinical treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy, and its specific underlying mechanisms are complicated and still unclear. A number of studies have indicated that the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxidase-1(HO-1) signaling pathway might serve as an important target for the management of MI/RI. Catalpol is a kind of iridoid glucoside that has been found to exhibit diverse anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Apelin/APJ-Manipulated CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3 Signaling Works as an Endogenous Counterinjury Mechanism in Promoting the Vitality of Random-Pattern Skin Flaps.

A random-pattern skin flap plays an important role in the field of wound repair; the mechanisms that influence the survival of random-pattern skin flaps have been extensively studied but little attention has been paid to endogenous counterinjury substances and mechanism. Previous reports reveal that the apelin-APJ axis is an endogenous counterinjury mechanism that has considerable function in protecting against infection, inflammation, oxidative stress, necrosis, and apoptosis in various organs. As an in vivo study, our study proved that the apelin/APJ axis protected the skin flap by alleviating vascular oxidative stress and the apelin/APJ axis works as an antioxidant stress factor dependent on CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3 signaling.

Microarray analysis reveals a potential role of lncRNA expression in remote ischemic preconditioning in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The challenge to avoid or reduce cardiopulmonary bypass-related injuries in cardiovascular surgery remains a major issue. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) remains a promising strategy whose clinical applications appear to be significantly more realistic and extensive as compared with other conservative or surgical strategies. However, considering its underlying mechanism(s) are still unclear, novel ideas and methods must be explored to enhance its potential in clinical applications.

Exenatide improves random-pattern skin flap survival via TFE3 mediated autophagy augment.

Random-pattern skin flaps are widely applied to rebuild and restore soft-tissue damage in reconstructive surgery; however, ischemia and subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury lead to flap necrosis and are major complications. Exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, exerts therapeutic benefits for diabetic wounds, cardiac injury, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, Exenatide is a known activator of autophagy, which is a complex process of subcellular degradation that may enhance the viability of random skin flaps.

Hydroxysafflor yellow A promotes multiterritory perforating flap survival: an experimental study.

The use of perforator flaps is a common surgical technique in wound repair. However, the area surrounding the multiterritory perforating flap often becomes necrotic due to ischemia. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a traditional Chinese medicine extracted from edible safflower, can be used medicinally to promote angiogenesis, inhibit apoptosis, and alleviate oxidative stress and other biological activities.

Chemerin facilitates intervertebral disc degeneration via TLR4 and CMKLR1 and activation of NF-kB signaling pathway.

Now days, obesity is a major risk factor for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, adipokine, such as chemerin is a novel cytokine, which is secreted by adipose tissue, and are thought to be played major roles in various degenerative diseases. Obese individuals are known to have high concentration of serum chemerin.

The protective effect of hesperetin in osteoarthritis: an in vitro and in vivo study.

Osteoarthritis (OA), a progressive joint disorder, is principally characterized by the degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage. Previous research studies demonstrated that inflammation and ECM degradation play a major role in OA development. Hesperetin, the aglycone of neohesperidin found in the peel of Citrus aurantium L.

Betulinic Acid Enhances the Viability of Random-Pattern Skin Flaps by Activating Autophagy.

Random-pattern skin flap replantation is commonly used to repair skin defects during plastic and reconstructive surgery. However, flap necrosis due to ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion injury limits clinical applications. Betulinic acid, a plant-derived pentacyclic triterpene, may facilitate flap survival.