Convolutional autoencoder network lithology recognition based on scratch tests.

To address the characteristic of frequent lithological alternations in the continental shale of the Songliao Basin in China and meet the refined requirements of reservoir modeling, it is necessary to establish a higher-precision lithology identification method. This study conducted scratch tests on shale reservoir cores from the 2360m-2409m interval of the Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin, Jilin, obtaining nine mechanical characteristic parameters, including hardness, compressive strength, and Poisson's ratio. By integrating convolutional neural network (CNN) and auto-encode network (AE), a novel lithology identification method based on scratch data was proposed.

Stereo- and Regioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular 3,4-Dialkoxylation of Conjugated Dienes with Aliphatic Alcohols.

In contrast to synthesizing -diether compounds from alkenes via a palladium-catalyzed cascade Wacker-type process, the synthesis of -diether compounds by the method remains a challenge. Herein, a palladium-catalyzed cascade Wacker-type process of conjugated dienes and aliphatic alcohols is reported to synthesize α,β-unsaturated -diether compounds with high stereo- and regioselectivity with a broad substrate scope. Mechanistic experiments have shown that the π-allyl-Pd intermediate formed by the oxypalladation of the conjugated diene is the key to the success of the reaction due to the difficulty of β-hydride elimination.

Multiobjective optimization of a pressure maintaining ball valve structure based on RSM and NSGA-II.

The structural design of the ball valve significantly impacts the maximum pressure-holding capability of pressure-retaining coring tools. In this study, the pressure-bearing structure of the ball valve was optimized, and a theoretical model for its pressure resistance was established. Through numerical simulation, the maximum von Mises stress [Formula: see text] and effective seal width S were established as evaluation indicators for the valve's pressure retention performance.

Stretchable, Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Poly(urethane-urea) Elastomer Resistant to Humidity and Heat.

Polymeric room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials exhibiting facile processability, high thermal stability, and environmental compatibility have garnered considerable attention. However, achieving excellent stretchability in simultaneity with ultralong RTP remains challenging because most RTP polymers rely on rigid structures with inherently poor tensile properties. Herein, a stretchable, ultralong RTP polyurethane is prepared through copolymerizing a novel phosphor dihydroxy-functionalized indolocarbazole, 4,4'-methylenedicyclohexyl diisocyanate (HMDI), poly(tetrahydrofuran) (PTMEG 2000), and adipic dihydrazide (AD).

Influenza A Virus Induces Autophagosome by Inhibiting LTCC/Calpain 2/LC3A Signaling to Promote Viral Replication.

l-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LTCC), which are accountable for the influx of extracellular Ca, have been discovered to play a crucial regulatory role in the process of autophagy. However, the regulatory role of LTCC in autophagy process induced by influenza A virus (IAV) infection remains largely unknown. Here, we found that IAV (H1N1/PR8) induced autophagosome accumulation consistent with previous studies but blocked the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes.

Stoichiometry-engineered phase transition in a two-dimensional binary compound.

Due to complex thermodynamic and kinetic mechanism, phase engineering in nanomaterials is often limited by restricted phases and small-scale synthesis, hindering material diversity and scalability. Here, we demonstrate the exploration to unlock the stoichiometry as a degree of freedom for phase engineering in the Pd-Te binary compound. By reducing diffusion rates, we effectively engineer the stoichiometry of the reactants.

Research and predictive analysis of the disease burden of bloodstream infectious diseases in China.

Background: Bloodstream Infection(BSI) are one of the leading causes of infection-related mortality worldwide. However, epidemiological data related to BSI in China remain very limited.

Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease(GBD) database, a systematic analysis was conducted on the epidemic trends, pathogen spectrum, and the current status of Antimicrobial Resistance(AMR) related to BSI in China for the year 2021.

Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Ring-Opening/Cyanation of Cyclobutanones.

Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric transformations involving cyanide anions remain a challenge due to the strong affinity between cyanide anions and palladium, which induces alterations in the coordination sphere of the palladium center. Herein, palladium-catalyzed enantioselective cyanation is achieved via a ring-opening/cross-coupling process between aryl halide-tethered cyclobutanones and Zn(CN). This reaction is demonstrated to exhibit broad substrate scope and robust enantioselectivity.

A dataset of gridded precipitation intensity-duration-frequency curves in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), a high mountain area prone to destructive rainstorm hazards and inducing natural disasters, underscores the importance of developing precipitation intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves for estimating extreme precipitation characteristics. Here we introduce the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Precipitation Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves (QTPPIDFC) dataset, the first gridded dataset tailored for estimating extreme precipitation characteristics in QTP. The generalized extreme value distribution is chosen to fit the annual maximum precipitation samples at 203 weather stations, based on which the at-site IDF curves are estimated; then, principal component analysis is done to identify the southeast-northwest spatial pattern of at-site IDF curves, and its first principal component gives a 96% explained variance; finally, spatial interpolation is done to estimate gridded IDF curves by using the random forest model with geographical and climatic variables as predictors.

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 enhances discharge activity of cortical neurons.

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202502000-00031/figure1/v/2024-05-28T214302Z/r/image-tiff Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) has been extensively studied for its pleiotropic effects on central nervous system diseases. The neuroprotective or neurotoxic effects of TGF-β1 in specific brain areas may depend on the pathological process and cell types involved.

Synthesis of Cycloaliphatic Polyamides via Palladium-Catalyzed Hydroaminocarbonylative Polymerization.

Polyamides represent one class of materials that is important in modern society. Because of the numerous potential applications of polyamides in various fields, there is a high demand for new polyamide structures, which necessitates the development of new polymerization methods. Herein, we report a novel and efficient palladium-catalyzed hydroaminocarbonylative polymerization of dienes and diamines for the synthesis of cycloaliphatic polyamides.

Palladium-Catalyzed Inward Isomerization Hydroaminocarbonylation of Alkenes.

In contrast to the kinetically favored outward isomerization-hydrocarbonylation of alkenes, the disfavored inward isomerization-hydrocarbonylation of alkenes remains an important challenge. Herein, we have developed a novel and effective palladium-catalyzed inward isomerization-hydroaminocarbonylation of unactivated alkenes and aniline hydrochlorides for the formation of synthetically valuable α-aryl carboxylic amides in high yields and high site-selectivities. The high efficiency of the reaction is attributed to a relay catalysis strategy, in which the Markovnikov-favored [PdH]-PBu catalyst is responsible for inward isomerization, while the [PdH]-Ruphos catalyst is responsible for hydroaminocarbonylation of the resulting conjugated aryl alkenes.

Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Carbonylative Heck Esterification of -Iodoalkenylbenzenes with Arylboronic Acids.

The current investigation presents an innovative palladium-catalyzed asymmetric carbonylative Heck esterification method. This approach facilitates the efficient synthesis of various chiral γ-ketoacid esters by utilizing -alkenyliodobenzenes and arylboronic acids as primary substrates. This reaction achieves the creation of three carbon-carbon bonds, two carbon-oxygen bonds, and the establishment of a quaternary carbon center within a single step.

Anti-influenza drug screening and inhibition of apigetrin on influenza A virus replication via TLR4 and autophagy pathways.

Activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 plays important roles in the influenzaA virus (IAV) infection. To explore TLR4 inhibitors, 161 traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) were screened. Further, we screened out Ixeris sonchifolia Hance, and its active compound, Apigetrin (apigenin-7-O-glucoside).

The first rare case of infection reported in China and its genomic evolution in a human host environment.

Introduction: is a rare human pathogenic fungus, which has been poorly characterized at the genome level. In this study, we reported the first fatal case of infection in China and investigate the microevolution of in the human host environment.

Methods: A series of stains were collected from the patient at different time points for routine microbial and drug sensitivity testing.

Synthesis of Self-healing and Light-, Thermal-, and Humidity-induced Deformative Polyurethane Actuator.

Intelligent actuating materials have drawn enormous attention because of their potential applications in soft robots, smart sensors, bionics, etc. Aiming to integrate light, thermal, and humidity stimuli deformations and self-healing function into a single polymer, a smart actuating polyurethane material CPPU-50 is designed and successfully synthesized through co-polymerization of azobenzene-containing Azo-C , polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) at a ratio of 1:1:2. The obtained polyurethane CPPU-50 exhibits good photoinduced bending, thermal responsive shape memory effect, humidity triggered deflections and self-healing properties.

Palladium-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrochlorocarbonylation of alkenes for formation of acid chlorides.

Novel strategy for acid chlorides formation that do not use carboxylic acids is particularly attractive in chemical synthesis but remains challenging. Herein, we reported the development of a highly effective Pd-catalyzed hydrochlorocarbonylation of alkenes with CO for the formation of alkyl acid chlorides. Chlorosilane and AcOH were found as a mild HCl source for the reaction.

A dynamic nomogram for predicting unfavorable prognosis after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the predictive value of the multiplication of neutrophil and monocyte counts (MNM) in peripheral blood, and develop a new predictive model for the prognosis of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis that included 2 separate cohorts of patients undergoing endovascular coiling for aSAH. The training cohort consisted of 687 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College; the validation cohort consisted of 299 patients from Sun Yat-sen University's Affiliated Jieyang People's Hospital.

Gate-tunable transport in van der Waals topological insulator BiBrnanobelts.

BiBris a quasi-one-dimensional van der Waals topological insulator with novel electronic properties. Several efforts have been devoted to the understanding of its bulk form, yet it remains a challenge to explore the transport properties in low-dimensional structures due to the difficulty of device fabrication. Here we report for the first time a gate-tunable transport in exfoliated BiBrnanobelts.

A novel estrogen-targeted PEGylated liposome co-delivery oxaliplatin and paclitaxel for the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer is the second cause of death among gynecological malignancies. In this study, we designed a novel estrogen-targeted PEGylated liposome loaded with oxaliplatin and paclitaxel (ES-SSL-OXA/PTX) which could target estrogen receptor (ER) highly expressed on the surface of SKOV-3 cells to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce the side effects for SKOV-3 tumor therapy. ES-SSL-OXA/PTX was prepared by thin film hydration method and exhibited a uniform spherical morphology.

Lidocaine inhibits influenza a virus replication by up-regulating IFNα4 via TBK1-IRF7 and JNK-AP1 signaling pathways.

Influenza A viruses (IAV), significant respiratory pathogenic agents, cause seasonal epidemics and global pandemics in intra- and interannual cycles. Despite effective therapies targeting viral proteins, the continuous generation of drug-resistant IAV strains is challenging. Therefore, exploring novel host-specific antiviral treatment strategies is urgently needed.

Near-Infrared Polarimetric Image Sensors Based on Ordered Sulfur-Passivation GaSb Nanowire Arrays.

The near-infrared polarimetric image sensor has a wide range of applications in the military and civilian fields, thus developing into a research hotspot in recent years. Because of their distinguishing 1D structure features, the ordered GaSb nanowire (NW) arrays possess potential applications for near-infrared polarization photodetection. In this work, single-crystalline GaSb NWs are synthesized through a sulfur-catalyzed chemical vapor deposition process.