Extracellular matrix dysregulation in PCOS: pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies, and innovative technologies.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disease in women of reproductive age, severely impacts female fertility due to chronic anovulation and currently lacks effective clinical treatment strategies. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional, non-cellular framework comprising molecules such as collagens, elastin, and laminin, which support the ovarian structure and provide extracellular signals to cells. Changes in ECM localization and composition can disturb local biochemical pathways, impair folliculogenesis, and reduce the fertility of women.

Minimally invasive diagnosis of precancerous cervical lesions using single-cell peripheral immune atlas.

Cervical cancer remains a major global health concern for women. Current screening methods are either invasive or lead to low participation and over-referral for colposcopy, particularly among high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women. This study analyzes 613 participants with varying cervical lesions using mass cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) to identify disease-specific peripheral immune signatures.

GnRH receptor mediates lipid storage in female adipocytes via AMPK pathway.

Due to high levels of serum gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), perimenopausal or menopausal women, girls with central precocious puberty, women of polycystic ovary syndrome, and females receiving long-term GnRH agonist (GnRHa) treatment are at substantially higher risk of developing obesity. However, it remains poorly understood how GnRH affects body weight. Here, we explored whether the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) was expressed in adipocytes and how GnRHR mediated lipid accumulation and the development of obesity.

Long-Term Pregnancy Outcomes of Patients with Diffuse Adenomyosis after Double-Flap Adenomyomectomy.

Although many studies show that patients with diffuse adenomyosis who underwent fertility-sparing surgery can have a successful pregnancy, their pregnancy outcomes are still controversial. The objective of this study was to determine long-term pregnancy outcomes and possible influencing factors after double-flap adenomyomectomy for patients with diffuse adenomyosis. A total of 137 patients with diffuse adenomyosis who underwent double-flap adenomyomectomy between January 2011 and December 2019 were studied, and correlations between pregnancy outcomes and clinical data, including age and junctional zone measured by magnetic resonance imaging (JZmax-A), were analyzed.

Blood tests for prediction of deep endometriosis: A case-control study.

Background: Deep endometriosis (DE) is the most aggressive subtype of endometriosis. The diagnosis may be challenging, and no biomarkers that can discriminate women with DE from those without DE have been developed.

Aim: To evaluate the role of blood hemostatic parameters and inflammatory indices in the prediction of DE.

Comparison of the effectiveness and pregnancy outcomes of labor induction with dinoprostone or single-balloon catheter in term nulliparous women with borderline oligohydramnios.

Backgrounds: At present, there is no consensus on the induction methods in term pregnancy with borderline oligohydramnios. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and pregnancy outcomes of labor induction with dinoprostone or single-balloon catheter (SBC) in term nulliparous women with borderline oligohydramnios.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2016 to November 2018.

Transcriptome-Based Analysis Reveals Therapeutic Effects of Resveratrol on Endometriosis in aRat Model.

Introduction: Endometriosis (EMs) is associated with severe chronic pelvic pain and infertility and the development of improved EMs treatment options is an ongoing focus. In this study, we investigated the effects of resveratrol on EMs and analyzed transcriptional changes in the lesions of model rats before and after resveratrol treatment.

Methods: We established arat model of endometriosis through the trans-implantation of endometrial fragments to the peritoneal wall and then used resveratrol as treatment.

Lipidomic Alterations and PPAR Activation Induced by Resveratrol Lead to Reduction in Lesion Size in Endometriosis Models.

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease that affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age and up to 50% of women with infertility. The heterogeneity of the disease makes accurate diagnosis and treatment a clinical challenge. In this study, we generated two models of endometriosis: the first in rats and the second using human ectopic endometrial stromal cells (HEcESCs) derived from the lesion tissues of endometriosis patients.

Management of heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy with preservation of intrauterine pregnancy: A case report.

Background: Heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy (HCSP) is very rare and has a high risk of massive uterine bleeding. Preservation of concurrent intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) is one of the great challenges in the management of HCSP. No universal treatment protocol has been established when IUP is desired to be preserved.

[Research progress on biomarkers for endometriosis based on lipidomics].

The pathogenesis of endometriosis is not well understood at the moment, and the lack of effective biomarkers often leads to delayed diagnosis of the disease. Lipidomics provides a new approach for the diagnosis and prediction of endometriosis. Sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine in peripheral blood, endometrial fluid, peritoneal fluid and follicular fluid have good diagnostic value for endometriosis and disease classification; the lipid metabolites in the eutopic endometrium tissue are expected to be biomarkers of early endometriosis; and the lipid metabolites in peripheral blood are also of great value for predicting endometriosis-related infertility.

Minimally-invasive management of intramural ectopic pregnancy: an eight-case series and literature review.

Objective: Intramural pregnancy (IMP) is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy and potentially fatal. Early diagnosis and management of IMP are important to preserve patient fertility. Here, we describe the use of minimally-invasive surgery for early IMP.

Giant exophytic cystic adenomyosis with a levonorgestrel containing intrauterine device out of the uterine cavity after uterine myomectomy: A case report.

Background: A cystic lesion arising from the myometrium of the uterus, termed as cystic adenomyosis, has chocolate-like, thick viscous contents and contains various amounts of endometrial stroma below the glandular epithelium. It is an extremely rare type of adenomyosis.

Case Summary: Herein, we report an unusual case of a giant cystic mass in the pelvic cavity after uterine myomectomy.

Fertility performance and the predictive value of the endometriosis fertility index staging system in women with recurrent endometriosis: A retrospective study.

This study presents the postoperative pregnancy rate of women with recurrent endometriosis and evaluates the predictive value of the endometriosis fertility index (EFI) for the pregnancy.A total of 107 women who wished to conceive after surgery for recurrent endometriosis from January 2007 to December 2016 were included. The EFI score was calculated postoperatively.

[Progress on medical treatment in the management of adenomyosis].

Drug therapy plays an important role in alleviating the symptoms related to adenomyosis, improving the curative effect of surgery, delaying the progress of disease and promoting assisted reproduction. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the first choice to control pain associated with adenomyosis, and are the only choice for patients with recent fertility requirements; steroid hormones, gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists and mifepristone can effectively relieve pain and control uterine bleeding, among which oral contraceptives, levonorgestrel-releasing intranterine system (Mirena) and dienogest are more effective and commonly used in clinic. Drug selection should be based on patient's age, symptoms, uterine size, fertility requirements and economical conditions.

[The second generation endometrial ablation (NovaSure) improves efficacy of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in management of adenomyosis].

Objective: To determine the efficacy of second generation endometrial ablation (NovaSure) combined with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena) in the treatment of adenomyosis.

Methods: Clinical data of patients with adenomyosis admitted in Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among 66 patients, 44 received Mirena placement only (control group) and 22 received Mirena placement and NovaSure treatment (study group).

[Efficacy and adverse effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in treatment of adenomyosis].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena) in the treatment of adenomyosis.

Methods: The clinical data of 75 patients with adenomyosis who had Mirena insertion in Women's Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine from September 2013 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were followed up to 39 months.

Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Endometriosis Pain.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a regulator for the formation and maintenance of chronic pain in various chronic disorders and has been shown to increase in the serum of women with endometriosis. However, BDNF expression in the peritoneal fluid (PF) and ectopic lesions and its role in endometriosis pain remain unclear. Thus, this study aims to determine the BDNF concentrations in serum and PFs and BDNF expression levels in ectopic lesions and endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs) of women with endometriosis (n = 60).

Clinical characteristics and salvage management of persistent cesarean scar pregnancy.

Aim: The study was conducted to illustrate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with persistent cesarean scar pregnancy (PCSP).

Methods: During a six-year period, 38 cases of PCSP were diagnosed and treated conservatively to preserve fertility. The clinical presentations, imaging findings and treatment outcomes of these patients were reviewed.

Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup R Confers a Genetic Risk Factor for Intrauterine Adhesion in Han Women Population.

Background: To determine whether a specific mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup is implicated in the pathogenesis of intrauterine adhesion (IUA).

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 486 women with (case group, n = 154) and without IUA (control group, n = 332) at the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood, and the mtDNA haplogroups of Han women M, N and R were determined by sequencing hypervariable mtDNA segments and testing diagnostic polymorphisms in the mtDNA coding region.

[Association of menopausal specific fat distribution changes with metabolic risk factors].

Objective: To investigate the association of menopausal specific fat distribution with metabolic risk factors.

Methods: Two hundred Chinese women including 110 premenopausal women aged 39.7±9.

Clinical utility of serum reproductive hormones for the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy in the first trimester.

Aim: A tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP) in the first trimester remains a major life-threatening complication for the mother. We aim to determine whether serum reproductive hormones may be clinically useful in the early identification of a tubal EP.

Methods: A total of 109 age-matched patients with a serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) concentration <2000 IU/L were enrolled, including 68 patients with a tubal EP, 22 with a viable intrauterine pregnancy (vIUP) and 19 with a non-viable intrauterine pregnancy (nIUP).