Application of Ago-mediated genome editing in .

is nonpathogenic and fast-growing and is usually used as a model species of . Studying basic metabolic mechanisms is crucial for accelerating mycobacterial research. Although several tools for genome editing in MC 155 () can be used, plasmids are difficult to construct, and the knockout efficiency is still low.

Revealing the causal relationship between HBV and HCV infection and liver cirrhosis by Mendelian randomization.

Background: The chronic progression of viral hepatitis and the terminal stage of cirrhosis impose a long-term disease burden on patients. The assessment of liver damage can be facilitated through the measurement of liver biomarkers.

Objectives: To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), liver biomarkers, and cirrhosis via Mendelian randomization (MR).

Novel alkali-resistant nitrogen and phosphorus removal strain I4: Performance evaluation and molecular mechanism.

The highly alkali-tolerant strain Pseudomonas sediminis I4, isolated from a brackish-water pond, demonstrates both nitrification-aerobic denitrification and aerobic phosphorus removal capabilities. The optimal conditions for nitrogen and phosphorus removal were determined to include a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 10, a phosphorus-to-nitrogen ratio of 0.2, a temperature of 30°C, and sodium citrate as the carbon source.

TiO nanoparticles improves cadmium toxicity tolerance in Hemerocallis citrina Baroni by modulating photosynthetic and antioxidative profile.

TiO nanoparticles mitigates the toxicity of Cd to Hemerocallis citrina Baroni (daylily) by modulating the photosynthetic and antioxidative system, as revealed by physiological and transcriptomic analysis. Cadmium (Cd) is a common heavy metal pollutant exerting toxicity to plants. The unique physiochemical properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) suggest their potential applications in agriculture.

TRIB3 Is a Hub Gene in Steatohepatitis and Aggravates Lipid Deposition and Inflammation in Hepatocytes.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also known as Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), has become one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide, approximately 30% of adults and 70%~80% of patients with obesity and diabetes suffer from NAFLD.

Objective: We attempted to find a potential hub gene in NAFLD hepatocyte cell model induced by palmitic acid and oil acid (PAOA), and investigated the function of the hub-gene.

Methods: We searched and downloaded the GSE122660 dataset from GEO-DataSets, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using R software.

MBL-TransUNet: Enhancing Mesostructure Segmentation of Textile Composite Images via Multi-Scale Feature Fusion and Boundary Guided Learning.

Accurate segmentation is essential for creating digital twins based on volumetric images for high fidelity composite material analysis. Conventional techniques typically require labor-intensive and time-consuming manual effort, restricting their practical use. This paper presents a deep learning model, MBL-TransUNet, to address challenges in accurate tow-tow boundary identification via a Boundary-guided Learning module.

Rational design of antifreeze and flexible chitosan-based hydrogels for integration device of supercapacitors electrodes and wearable strain sensors.

Hydrogels with excellent flexibility are widely used in flexible sensors and supercapacitors, but their sensitivity and operating temperature range limit their application. In this study, chitosan (CS)/polyaniline (PANI) hydrogel with interpenetrating network structure is designed, in which phytic acid is used as crosslinking agent and antifreeze. The obtained CS/PANI hydrogel exhibits excellent mechanical properties, excellent sensing performance (Gauge Factor = 5.

Molybdenum and Sulfur Doping To Create Active Sites and Regulate d-Band Centers of Ni-Mo-S Electrocatalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Defining the active sites and further optimizing their activity are of great significance for enhancing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performances, especially for inexpensive Ni-based catalysts doped with metals and nonmetal elements. This work reports the role of the incorporated molybdenum and sulfur in enhancing the HER activity of nickel. The prepared molybdenum and sulfur coincorporated Ni (NMS) electrocatalysts exhibit excellent HER performance, with an overpotential and Tafel slope of 77.

Effects of Diet Supplemented With Hydrolyzable Tannin on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Muscle Nutritional Quality of Juvenile .

In this study, four groups of diet were prepared, with eel commercial diet without hydrolyzable tannin (HT) as the control group (H0), and the other three groups were fed with diet containing 0.05% (H1), 0.1% (H2), and 0.

Calcium alginate/Polyaniline double network aerogel electrode for compressible and high electrochemical performance integrated supercapacitors.

As a new type of energy storage device, supercapacitors have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent performance. However, the current electrode materials have limited specific surface area and cannot meet the needs of high energy storage. The aerogel material is a 3D network structure containing interconnected micro-nano structures, and also has hierarchical pores on the micro, meso and macro scales.

Impact of Cd and Pb on the photosynthetic and antioxidant systems of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni as revealed by physiological and transcriptomic analyses.

Cd induces photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative stress damage in H. citrina, which mobilizes the antioxidant system and regulates the expression of corresponding genes to adapt to Cd and Pb stress. Cd and Pb are heavy metals that cause severe pollution and are highly hazardous to organisms.

Host Gut-Derived Probiotic, G1-33, Improves Growth, Immunity, and Resistance to in Hybrid Grouper ( ♀ × ♂).

Several exogenous probiotics are applicable in fish culture; however, challenges in isolation and verification have hindered the full utilization of numerous host probiotics. Therefore, this study aimed to apply the host probiotic G1-33 to hybrid grouper ( ♀ × ♂) cultures and explore its mechanism of action. In total, 360 hybrid grouper were divided into four groups, which were fed the following for 60 days: three received commercial feed with varying concentrations of G1-33 (10, 10, and 10 CFU/g), while a control group received commercial feed.

Effects of Dietary Multi-Strain Probiotics on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microbiota of Hybrid Groupers ( ♀ ♂).

This study aims to examine the effects of the mixture of G1-11 and G1-33, isolated from the gut of hybrid groupers ( ♀ × ♂), on the host. The hybrid groupers were divided into a control (C, without any probiotics), (BC, 10 cfu/g), (EA, 10 cfu/g), compound (mix, a 1:1 mixture of and ), and positive reference group (P, , 5 × 10 cfu/L). Each group had four replicates, with 30 fish per replicate (53.

Response of photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system in the leaves of safflower to NaCl and NaHCO.

Compared with NaCl, NaHCO caused more serious oxidative damage and photosynthesis inhibition in safflower by down-regulating the expression of related genes. Salt-alkali stress is one of the important factors that limit plant growth. NaCl and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) are neutral and alkaline salts, respectively.

Enzymolytic Lignin-Derived N-S Codoped Porous Carbon Nanocomposites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reactions.

Currently, the development of nonmetallic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts based on heteroatomic-doped carbon materials is receiving increaseing attention in the field of fuel cells. Here, we used enzymolytic lignin (EL), melamine, and thiourea as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur sources and NHCl as an activator to prepare N- and S-codoped lignin-based polyporous carbon (ELC) by one-step pyrolysis. The prepared lignin-derived biocarbon material (ELC-1-900) possessed a high specific surface area (844 m g), abundant mesoporous structure, and a large pore volume (0.

Concurrent Measurement of Local and Global in-Plane Permeability of Reinforcement Fabrics through Real-Time Image Processing.

Properties of reinforcement fabrics, such as permeability, are typically characterized in a volume-averaging sense, whereas the fabric microstructure may vary spatially. This makes designing an effective resin infusion strategy for defect-free composite fabrication challenging. Our work presents a concurrent method for simultaneously measuring the local and global in-plane permeability and offers a handy technique for evaluating spatial variability.

Emulsions containing composite (clove, oregano, and cinnamon) essential oils: Phase inversion preparation, physicochemical properties and antibacterial mechanism.

Natural essential oils (EOs), especially those combining different individual EOs (also termed composite EOs) with enhanced performance, are becoming healthy, market-sought food preservatives/additives. This study aims to provide insights into the challenge regarding EOs processing due to their low solubility and the elusive mechanism under the enhanced bio-reactivity of composite EOs. A unique oil/water interacting network was created by phase-inversion processing, which enhances EO solubilization and emulsification to form composite EO formulations (EOFs) containing ordinary cinnamon, oregano and clove EOs.

Impact of Different Lignin Sources on Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon toward the Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Lignin is an ideal carbon source material, and lignin-based carbon materials have been widely used in electrochemical energy storage, catalysis, and other fields. To investigate the effects of different lignin sources on the performance of electrocatalytic oxygen reduction, different lignin-based nitrogen-doped porous carbon catalysts were prepared using enzymolytic lignin (EL), alkaline lignin (AL) and dealkaline lignin (DL) as carbon sources and melamine as a nitrogen source. The surface functional groups and thermal degradation properties of the three lignin samples were characterized, and the specific surface area, pore distribution, crystal structure, defect degree, N content, and configuration of the prepared carbon-based catalysts were also analyzed.

White common bean extract remodels the gut microbiota and ameliorates type 2 diabetes and its complications: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: Excessive carbohydrate intake is a high risk factor for increased morbidity of type 2 diabetes (T2D). A novel regimen for the dietary care of diabetes that consists of a highly active α-amylase inhibitor derived from white common bean extract (WCBE) and sufficient carbohydrates intake was applied to attenuate T2D and its complications. Furthermore, the role of gut microbiota in this remission was also investigated.

Comprehensive Analysis of Subtypes and Identification of Key lncRNAs Based on Glutamine Metabolism-Related Long Noncoding RNAs.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are becoming a critical class of metabolic regulate molecule in cancer. Glutamine is a regulator that contributes to each of the core metabolic tasks in proliferating tumor cells. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association of lncRNAs with glutamine metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Anti-Diabetic Intestinal Mechanisms: Foods, Herbs, and Western Medicines.

The role of intestinal factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes, such as a decrease in the incretin effect, has recently attracted considerable attention. An imbalance in the gut microbiota inhibits the secretion of incretins, which are metabolic hormones can reduce blood glucose levels, and promotes the occurrence and development of diabetes. Numerous studies have demonstrated that foods are environmental factors that are important in the modulation of gut microbial-mediated glucose metabolism.