Thiosulfonates Based on Prothioconazole for Enhancing Antifungal Activity and Mitigating Phytotoxicity in Plant Pathogen Management.

Prothioconazole (Prot) has been widely used for over two decades in controlling cereal diseases. However, the continuous emergence of resistance in plant pathogens has necessitated the development of novel fungicides. Thiosulfonate compounds have great application prospects due to their unique structural features and multisite activity.

Research Progress of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conducting Oxygen-Permeable Membranes.

Mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) oxygen-permeable membranes have emerged as a frontier in oxygen separation technology due to their high efficiency, low energy consumption, and broad application potential. In recent years, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become a pivotal tool in advancing MIEC membrane technology, offering precise insights into the intricate mechanisms of oxygen permeation, heat transfer, and mass transfer through numerical simulations of coupled multiphysics phenomena. In this review, we comprehensively explore the application of CFD in MIEC membrane research, heat and mass transfer analysis, reactor design optimization, and the enhancement of membrane module performance.

Mapping the Metastatic Landscape: A Population-Based Cohort Study for Prognostic Insights Into Newly Diagnosed Stage IV Breast Cancer Cases.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Although treatment advances have improved outcomes, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic breast cancer remains low. Understanding the anatomical distribution, associated risks, and prognostic features of metastases in patients with newly diagnosed stage IV breast cancer is essential for improving clinical management.

A general strategy for the efficient utilization of Microbiocide by using polyacrylic acid sodium as a flexible framework material.

Introduction: Copper sulfide nanoparticles are ideal carrier materials for the preparation of controlled release nano-systems that can effectively improve the utilization efficiency and environmental safety of microbicides because of their excellent antimicrobial activity, low environmental toxicity, and controllable structure.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the general rules of loading and release of drugs in pH-responsive nano-delivery systems based on CuS NPs and develop a general strategy for efficient utilization of microbicide and sustainable plant disease management.

Methods: Three microbicide-loaded copper sulfide nanoparticles (Microbicide@PAS-CuS NPs) were fabricated via a one-pot route by using polyacrylic acid sodium (PAS) as a flexible framework carrier material and berberine sulfate (BBR), bronopol (BNP), and kasugamycin (KSM) as the loaded microbicides.

A bioactive hydrogel with synergistic Photothermal-photodynamic effects for efficient antibacterial therapy and infected wound repair.

The rise of bacterial drug resistance poses a major challenge in treating infected wounds, highlighting the urgency for developing advanced antibacterial materials. Here, we developed a gelatin-agar hydrogel embedded with AgNPs/CDs nanocomposites, which exhibited efficient photothermal conversion and ROS generation for bacterial inhibition. The nanocomposites were synthesized using carbon dots (CDs) as electron donors to reduce AgNO₃, enhancing bacterial surface interactions and inducing membrane damage.

Development and validation of sex-associated markers using whole-genome re-sequencing in frog .

The development of sex markers is crucial for addressing monosexual breeding in aquaculture species and for identifying traits that are sexually inherited, especially for elucidating the mechanisms of sex determination in amphibians. In aquaculture, comprehending sex determination is especially vital because the market value of animal products frequently depends on their sex. (Anura, Dicroglossidea) is a valuable frog species in the aquaculture industry of China and southeast Asia, yet there exists limited genomic information regarding this organism.

Unusual Thermal Transport in Few-Layer Van der Waals Antiferromagnet CrOCl.

Few-layer van der Waals magnets are exceptional candidates for investigating the fundamental spin behaviors and advancing the development of next-generation ultra-compact spintronic devices. While the intrinsic long-range magnetic order is well-established in the monolayer limit, the thermal transport behavior involving magnons, phonons, and magnetophonon polarons near the phase transition remains largely unexplored. In this work, the thermal transport behavior is probed near the phase transitions from bulk to the monolayer limit by using a differential suspended thermal bridge method, which provides an ultra-sensitive temperature and thermal conductance measurement enhanced by the double Wheatstone bridge.

Not all colon cancer patients with preoperative hyperinflammatory status are at high risk of muscle loss and poor prognosis.

Purpose: Growing evidence indicates that preoperative hyperinflammation is an independent risk factor for postoperative sarcopenia and poor prognosis in patients with colon cancer. However, inflammation fluctuates with tumor burden and immune status after surgery, and its role in muscle degradation remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of different inflammatory trajectories on muscle wasting.

Carrier-free co-delivery nanosystem based on prothioconazole and pyrimethanil to enhance fungicidal efficacy and reduce environmental risks.

Background: The conventional application of fungicides suffers from substantial off-target loss due to photolysis, evaporation, and rain washing, resulting in risks to the environment and human health. To address these limitations, self-assembled nanopesticides based on two kinds of fungicides have emerged as precision agrochemical delivery platforms that synchronize enhanced bioactivity with environmental risk mitigation.

Results: Herein, core-shell structured nanoparticles (PRO-PYR NPs) with an average particle size of 263 nm were fabricated based on prothioconazole (PRO) and pyrimethanil (PYR) via non-covalent interactions using co-assembly technology.

Bacterial 16S rRNA gene alterations in the conjunctival sac and lacrimal sac in chronic dacryocystitis.

Purpose: Dysbiosis of the microbial community in the lacrimal sac has been associated with the occurrence and development of chronic dacryocystitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial characteristics of the conjunctival sac and lacrimal sac in patients with chronic dacryocystitis using 16S rRNA sequencing and explore their relevance to this condition.

Methods: This was achieved through the application of Illumina MiSeq technology for the comprehensive sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in bacterial DNA samples isolated from the conjunctival and lacrimal sacs of 20 patients with chronic dacryocystitis.

Circular RNA in liver cancer research: biogenesis, functions, and roles.

Liver cancer, characterized by its insidious nature, aggressive invasiveness, and propensity for metastasis, has witnessed a sustained increase in both incidence and mortality rates in recent years, underscoring the urgent need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Emerging research indicates that CircRNAs (circular RNAs) are abundantly and stably present within cells, with their expression levels closely associated with the progression of various malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma. In the context of liver cancer progression, circRNAs exhibit promising potential as highly sensitive diagnostic biomarkers, offering novel avenues for early detection, and also function as pivotal regulatory factors within the carcinogenic process.

Speech Perception and Discrimination in Noise for Long-term Bilateral Hearing Aids Users: An ERP Study.

Background: This study investigated the characteristics of auditory event-related potentials (AERP) evoked by vowel and consonant contrasts in prelingual deafness adults, who fitted with bilateral hearing aids (HA) in quiet and noisy environments.

Methods: Standard stimuli /ba/ (75%) and deviant stimuli (/ga/ and /bu/, 12.5% each) were presented using a passive oddball paradigm in quiet and noisy (+10 decibel [dB] signal-to-noise ratio [SNR]) conditions.

Sustainable pest management using plant secondary metabolites regulated azadirachtin nano-assemblies.

Biopesticides have emerged as a global trend to minimize the risks associated with synthetic agrochemicals. However, their stability and efficacies remain challenges for widespread application. Herein, co-assembled nanoparticles (AT NPs or AP NPs) based on azadirachtin (AZA) and tannic acid (TA) or phenylalanine (PA) are constructed in aqueous solution through self-assembly technology.

Advanced Morphological and Material Engineering for High-Performance Interfacial Iontronic Pressure Sensors.

High-performance flexible pressure sensors are crucial for applications such as wearable electronics, interactive systems, and healthcare technologies. Among these, iontronic pressure sensors have garnered particular attention due to their superior sensitivity, enabled by the giant capacitance variation of the electric double layer (EDL) at the ionic-electronic interface under deformation. Key advancements, such as incorporating microstructures into ionic layers and employing diverse materials, have significantly improved sensor properties like sensitivity, accuracy, stability, and response time.

Prodrug Self-Assemblies Based on Plant Volatile Aldehydes with Improved Stability and Antimicrobial Activity Against Plant Pathogens.

Plant volatile aldehydes (PVAs) such as cinnamaldehyde (Cin), citral (Cit), citronellal (Citr), and perillaldehyde (Per) have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and show great potential in agricultural sustainable production. However, most PVAs not only have very high volatility but also are easily degradable in environment, which seriously restricts their wide application. To address the inherent problems with PVAs, four prodrugs based on PVAs are fabricated by conjugating individually Cin, Cit, Citr, and Per to sodium bisulfite (Sod) through a simple addition reaction and subsequently self-assembled into nanoparticles (prodrug self-assemblies) in aqueous solutions.

Evidence for early encoding of speech in blind people.

Blind listeners rely more on their auditory skills than the sighted to adapt to unavailable visual information. However, it is still unclear whether the blind has stronger noise-related modulation compared with the sighted when speech is presented under adverse listening conditions. This study aims to address this research gap by constructing noisy conditions and syllable contrasts to obtain auditory middle-latency response (MLR) and long-latency response (LLR) in blind and sighted adults.

Quantification of intratumoral heterogeneity using habitat-based MRI radiomics to identify HER2-positive, -low and -zero breast cancers: a multicenter study.

Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-targeted (HER2) therapy with antibody-drug conjugates has proven effective for patients with HER2-low breast cancer. However, intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) poses a great challenge in identifying HER2-low tumors. ITH signatures were developed by quantifying ITH to differentiate HER2-positive, -low and -zero breast cancers.

An ultrasensitive multimodal intracranial pressure biotelemetric system enabled by exceptional point and iontronics.

The accurate monitoring of vital physiological parameters, exemplified by heart rate, respiratory rate, and intracranial pressure (ICP), is of paramount importance, particularly for managing severe cranial injuries. Despite the rapid development of implantable ICP sensing systems over the past decades, they still suffer from, for example, wire connection, low sensitivity, poor resolution, and the inability to monitor multiple variables simultaneously. Here, we propose an ultrasensitive multimodal biotelemetric system that amalgamates an iontronic pressure transducer with exceptional point (EP) operation for the monitoring of ICP signals.

Bidirectional Elastic PTFE Small Diameter Artificial Blood Vessel Grafts and Surface Antithrombotic Functionalized Construction.

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) failed to achieve clinical application in the field of small-diameter blood vessels due to its lack of elasticity in the circumferential direction and high stiffness. Excellent multidirectional elasticity and dynamic compliance matching with natural blood vessels are important means to solve the problem of acute thrombosis and poor long-term patency. Herein, novel PTFE spinning blood vessels were prepared by the PTFE emulsion electrospinning process, which not only presented good bidirectional elasticity but also promoted the adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells and induced the contractile expression of SMCs.

CT assessed morphological features can predict higher mitotic index in gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Objectives: To investigate the correlation of the mitotic index (MI) of 1-5 cm gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gGISTs) with CT-identified morphological and first-order radiomics features, incorporating subgroup analysis based on tumor size.

Methods: We enrolled 344 patients across four institutions, each pathologically diagnosed with 1-5 cm gGISTs and undergoing preoperative contrast-enhanced CT scans. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the independent CT morphological high-risk features of MI.

Adipocyte maturation impacts daunorubicin disposition and metabolism.

Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common type of childhood leukaemia with effective chemotherapeutic treatment. However, obesity has been associated with higher ALL chemoresistance rates and lower event-free survival rates. The molecular mechanism of how obesity promotes chemotherapy resistance is not well delineated.

Amphiphilic Cationic Carbon Dots for Efficient Delivery of Light-Dependent Herbicide.

The inefficient delivery of herbicides causes unpleasant side effects on the ecological environment. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicides rely on the presence of external light to exert the activities and thus their performance in the field is extremely susceptible to the light environment. Here, taking acifluorfen (ACI) as a model PPO-inhibiting herbicide to enhance efficacy by boosting the utilization rate of sunlight, amphiphilic cationic CDs (CPC-CDs) from cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) as a precursor, is first prepared as a supplementary light source generator, and subsequently co-assembled with ACI through non-covalent bond interactions to obtain the stable fluorescent nanoparticles (ACI@CPC-CDs).

Conductive/Insulating Bioinks with Multitechnology Compatibility and Adjustable Performance.

Conducting/insulating inks have received significant attention for the fabrication of a wide range of additive manufacturing technology. However, current inks often demonstrate poor biocompatibility and face trade-offs between conductivity and mechanical stiffness under physiological conditions. Here, conductive/insulating bioinks based on two-dimensional materials are proposed.

Fabrication of ionic liquid self-assemblies based on dicamba with improved herbicidal activity and reduced environmental risks.

The off-target loss of pesticide formulations caused by volatilization and leaching has reduced effective utilization and increased risks to the ecological environment and human health. Self-assembly of pesticides has been widely concerned due to the improved bioactivity and environmental compatibility. Herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) could effectively decrease off-target loss and increase efficacy and environmental safety by improving the physicochemical properties of herbicides.