Thiosulfonates Based on Prothioconazole for Enhancing Antifungal Activity and Mitigating Phytotoxicity in Plant Pathogen Management.

Prothioconazole (Prot) has been widely used for over two decades in controlling cereal diseases. However, the continuous emergence of resistance in plant pathogens has necessitated the development of novel fungicides. Thiosulfonate compounds have great application prospects due to their unique structural features and multisite activity.

2-Ethylhexyl Diphenyl Phosphate Inhibited C2C12 Myoblast Differentiation by Regulating ACTC1.

2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPHP), a ubiquitous organic phosphorus flame retardant, is extensively employed in food packaging, flame retardancy applications, and other industrial processes as a crucial chemical. However, recent discoveries have underscored its diverse toxic effects, posing a severe potential threat to biological health. Skeletal muscle, vital for locomotion, relies heavily on proper differentiation during development and maintenance for strength and functionality.

A general strategy for the efficient utilization of Microbiocide by using polyacrylic acid sodium as a flexible framework material.

Introduction: Copper sulfide nanoparticles are ideal carrier materials for the preparation of controlled release nano-systems that can effectively improve the utilization efficiency and environmental safety of microbicides because of their excellent antimicrobial activity, low environmental toxicity, and controllable structure.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the general rules of loading and release of drugs in pH-responsive nano-delivery systems based on CuS NPs and develop a general strategy for efficient utilization of microbicide and sustainable plant disease management.

Methods: Three microbicide-loaded copper sulfide nanoparticles (Microbicide@PAS-CuS NPs) were fabricated via a one-pot route by using polyacrylic acid sodium (PAS) as a flexible framework carrier material and berberine sulfate (BBR), bronopol (BNP), and kasugamycin (KSM) as the loaded microbicides.

The chromosome-level genome of Hemerocallis middendorffii provides new insights into the floral scents and color biosynthesis in Chinese native daylily.

BACKGROUND : Hemerocallis middendorffii is a kind of high quality ornamental plant with strong cold resistance, pleasant aroma, and gorgeous floral color. Hemerocallis is one of the three internationally recognized perennial flowers that has huge demand in the flower market. However, little is known about the floral scent and color biosynthesis in daylily due to the large genome size.

Climate and human-driven changes in malaria vector distribution in China: implications for Anopheles species management.

Background: Malaria, transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, remains a major global health threat. While China achieved malaria-free certification in 2021, the country remains vulnerable to imported cases, a risk exacerbated by climate change and human activities. Accurate predictions of malaria vector distributions are essential for effective prevention and management.

Assessment of ecotourism suitability in Qilian mountain National park.

Effective development of ecotourism is a strategy to improve the main functional areas of national parks, including scientific protection and utilization. For best results, suitability of ecotourism activities must be determined but methods and guidelines for suitability studies are lacking. Here, we used the Gansu area of the Qilian Mountain National Park in China as a case study and proposed a model AHP-Promethee-GIS framework based on landscape units for the suitability evaluation of ecotourism activities.

Lumbar spine infection caused by Gardnerella vaginalis: a case report and literature review.

Background: Gardnerella vaginalis, which is mainly distributed in the female genitourinary tract, is the main agent causing bacterial vaginosis, as well as a relatively uncommon cause of extragenital infection, and a rare source of joint or spinal infections.

Case Presentation: We report a 51-year-old female patient with no underlying disease who presented with intermittent low back pain, evident after both being sedentary and prolonged activity. The patient was diagnosed with a pyogenic spinal infection at another hospital and treated with analgesic and cephalosporin anti-infective therapies.

Giant Nonvolatile Multistate Resistance with Fully Magnetically Controlled van der Waals Multiferroic Tunnel Junctions.

Ferroelectric polarization switching in electrically controlled van der Waals multiferroic tunnel junctions (vdW-MFTJs) causes atomic migration, compromising device stability and fatigue resistance. Here, we propose fully magnetically controlled vdW-MFTJs based on a CrBr/MnPSe/CrBr vertical heterostructure, achieving ferroelectric polarization reversal without atomic migration. First-principles calculations reveal that integrating PtTe/alkali-metal (Li/Na/K)-doped/intercalated CrBr electrodes enables exceptional performance, with a maximum tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) of 8.

Micromorphology and Molecular Insights Into Glandular Trichomes in Two Different Thymes: Glandular Trichomes Formation Process and the Function of the Main Regulator TqHD1.

Thyme is widely distributed in the worldwild. In China, there are 15 species, 2 varieties and 1 variant. Thymus quinquecostatus which contains abundant bioactive terpenoids is an important wild medicinal and aromatic plant in Chinese native thymes.

Genetic and environmental drivers of intraspecific variation in foliar metabolites in a tropical tree community.

Plant interactions with abiotic and biotic environments are mediated by diverse metabolites, which are crucial for stress response and defense. These metabolites can not only support diversity by shaping species niche differences but also display heritable and plastic intraspecific variation, which few studies have quantified in terms of their relative contributions. To address this shortcoming, we used untargeted metabolomics to annotate and quantify foliar metabolites and restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing to assess genetic distances among 300 individuals of 10 locally abundant species from a diverse tropical community in Southwest China.

Carrier-free co-delivery nanosystem based on prothioconazole and pyrimethanil to enhance fungicidal efficacy and reduce environmental risks.

Background: The conventional application of fungicides suffers from substantial off-target loss due to photolysis, evaporation, and rain washing, resulting in risks to the environment and human health. To address these limitations, self-assembled nanopesticides based on two kinds of fungicides have emerged as precision agrochemical delivery platforms that synchronize enhanced bioactivity with environmental risk mitigation.

Results: Herein, core-shell structured nanoparticles (PRO-PYR NPs) with an average particle size of 263 nm were fabricated based on prothioconazole (PRO) and pyrimethanil (PYR) via non-covalent interactions using co-assembly technology.

Synergistic Effects of Interfacial Chemistry and Ion-Solvent Interactions to Enable Reversible Magnesium Metal Anode in Chloride-Free Mg(TFSI) Electrolytes.

Passivation of magnesium (Mg) anode in the chloride-free magnesium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Mg(TFSI)) electrolyte is a key challenge for Mg metal batteries. Tailoring solvation structure and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) has been considered an effective strategy. Herein, a series of imidazole co-solvents with different branched-chain structures (methyl, ethyl, and propyl) are introduced into the Mg(TFSI)-ether electrolyte to address the passivation issue.

Ecological dichotomies of solar energy expansion: resilience in arid regions versus fragility in humid ecosystems.

The deployment of Utility-Scale Solar Energy (USSE) systems is increasingly recognized as a cornerstone strategy in mitigating climate change. However, the environmental ramifications of such extensive developments remain the subject of considerable debate, with marked regional variability in their ecological effects, particularly across different biomes. As such, there is a pressing need for comprehensive, systems-level investigations to evaluate the multifaceted environmental impacts of USSE in both arid and humid ecosystems.

Graph convolution networks based on adaptive spatiotemporal attention for traffic flow forecasting.

Traffic flow is the most direct indicator of traffic conditions, and accurate prediction of traffic flow is a key challenge for scholars in the field of intelligent transportation. However, traffic flow displays significant nonlinearity, dynamic changes, spatiotemporal dependencies, and most existing methods overlook the influence of road topology on the spatiotemporal properties of traffic flow, creating substantial challenges for traffic flow prediction. This paper proposes a graph convolutional traffic flow prediction model based on adaptive spatiotemporal attention.

Sustainable pest management using plant secondary metabolites regulated azadirachtin nano-assemblies.

Biopesticides have emerged as a global trend to minimize the risks associated with synthetic agrochemicals. However, their stability and efficacies remain challenges for widespread application. Herein, co-assembled nanoparticles (AT NPs or AP NPs) based on azadirachtin (AZA) and tannic acid (TA) or phenylalanine (PA) are constructed in aqueous solution through self-assembly technology.

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Chinese Native Thyme Essential Oils with Different Chemotypes.

Thyme essential oils (EOs) have antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunological properties and are used in medicine, food, feed additives, and cosmetics. Here, we made use of a multidimensional analytical method to analyze the differences in the chemical components, chemotypes, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of EOs from 24 Chinese native thymes. These Chinese native thymes comprised 10 species (, , , , , , , , , and ) and two varieties ( var.

Unveiling ADAMTS12: A key driver of bladder cancer progression via COL3A1-Mediated activation of the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common and lethal disease characterized by high recurrence rates and limited treatment options. Understanding the molecular pathways of BCa progress is crucial for investigating more effective targeted therapies. While ADAMTS12 is known to contribute to cancer progression and treatment resistance, its prognostic significance and underlying mechanisms in BCa remain poorly understood.

Insights into the progressive impact of high-fat-diet induced insulin resistance on skeletal muscle and myocardium: A comprehensive study on C57BL6 mice.

This study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for the future management of diabetes at various stages induced by a high-fat diet. Specifically, it seeks to determine the appropriate pharmacological interventions for each phase of diabetes development and the targeted therapeutic directions at different stages of diabetes progression. This investigation employed C57BL6 mice as experimental subjects, successfully establishing an insulin resistance model through a 12-week high-fat diet.

Prodrug Self-Assemblies Based on Plant Volatile Aldehydes with Improved Stability and Antimicrobial Activity Against Plant Pathogens.

Plant volatile aldehydes (PVAs) such as cinnamaldehyde (Cin), citral (Cit), citronellal (Citr), and perillaldehyde (Per) have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and show great potential in agricultural sustainable production. However, most PVAs not only have very high volatility but also are easily degradable in environment, which seriously restricts their wide application. To address the inherent problems with PVAs, four prodrugs based on PVAs are fabricated by conjugating individually Cin, Cit, Citr, and Per to sodium bisulfite (Sod) through a simple addition reaction and subsequently self-assembled into nanoparticles (prodrug self-assemblies) in aqueous solutions.

Efficient Neural Collaborative Search for Pickup and Delivery Problems.

In this paper, we introduce Neural Collaborative Search (NCS), a novel learning-based framework for efficiently solving pickup and delivery problems (PDPs). NCS pioneers the collaboration between the latest prevalent neural construction and neural improvement models, establishing a collaborative framework where an improvement model iteratively refines solutions initiated by a construction model. Our NCS collaboratively trains the two models via reinforcement learning with an effective shared-critic mechanism.

Amphiphilic Cationic Carbon Dots for Efficient Delivery of Light-Dependent Herbicide.

The inefficient delivery of herbicides causes unpleasant side effects on the ecological environment. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicides rely on the presence of external light to exert the activities and thus their performance in the field is extremely susceptible to the light environment. Here, taking acifluorfen (ACI) as a model PPO-inhibiting herbicide to enhance efficacy by boosting the utilization rate of sunlight, amphiphilic cationic CDs (CPC-CDs) from cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) as a precursor, is first prepared as a supplementary light source generator, and subsequently co-assembled with ACI through non-covalent bond interactions to obtain the stable fluorescent nanoparticles (ACI@CPC-CDs).

Fabrication of ionic liquid self-assemblies based on dicamba with improved herbicidal activity and reduced environmental risks.

The off-target loss of pesticide formulations caused by volatilization and leaching has reduced effective utilization and increased risks to the ecological environment and human health. Self-assembly of pesticides has been widely concerned due to the improved bioactivity and environmental compatibility. Herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) could effectively decrease off-target loss and increase efficacy and environmental safety by improving the physicochemical properties of herbicides.

Effect of bridge height on airflow and aeolian sand flux near surface along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, China.

In this work, we studied the near-surface flow field structure of railway bridges with different heights through field investigation and wind tunnel simulation experiments. Meanwhile, we simulated the distribution of sand accumulation around a bridge via CFD software based on the sand accumulation around the Basuoqu bridge in the Cuona Lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Results show that the sand around this railway bridge is mainly from the lake sediment on the west side of the railway and the weathered detritus on the east side.

Melatonin Delays Arthritis Inflammation and Reduces Cartilage Matrix Degradation through the SIRT1-Mediated NF-κB/Nrf2/TGF-β/BMPs Pathway.

Cartilage, a flexible and smooth connective tissue that envelops the surfaces of synovial joints, relies on chondrocytes for extracellular matrix (ECM) production and the maintenance of its structural and functional integrity. Melatonin (MT), renowned for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, holds the potential to modulate cartilage regeneration and degradation. Therefore, the present study was devoted to elucidating the mechanism of MT on chondrocytes.

Treatment of primary epididymal adenocarcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Epididymal tumors, especially malignant tumors, have low incidence and are rare in our clinical work. However, they may progress quickly and have poor prognosis. For such rare clinical cases with extremely low incidence rates, and as they are prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis and have a very poor prognosis, clinical workers need to pay special attention and consider the possibility of primary epididymal malignant tumors.