Latent profile analysis for medication adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective: This study examined the latent profile of medication adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and explored the influencing factors.

Methods: From October 2023 to January 2024, a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with 567 Chinese patients with COPD from 6 tertiary hospitals in Yunnan Province, Sichuan Province, Hubei Province, Shanghai and Chongqing, China, using demographic information and the medication compliance scale for COPD patients. Latent profile analyses were performed using Mplus 8.

The inhibitory effects of 7ND protein on osteoclast differentiation in apical periodontitis.

Background: Apical periodontitis (AP) is a highly prevalent inflammatory condition that affects the tissue surrounding the apex of a tooth root. 7ND protein, a mutant form of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), functions as a dominant negative inhibitor of MCP-1. Previous studies have shown that 7ND protein can suppress osteoclast differentiation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, suggesting its potential to prevent inflammatory bone destruction.

Merging One- and Multi-Photon Processes in Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks for Enhanced NIR Light-Driven Photothermal and Photochemical Conversions.

Direct application of near-infrared (NIR) light for solar-thermal and solar-chemical conversions is of emergent interest to improving efficiency in solar-energy utilization. Herein, we report a synthetic approach to NIR-responsive materials by self-assembly of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOF-1/2/3) from multifunctionalized Ru-components incorporating chiral, photoactive, H-bonding, π-stacking, and protonation/deprotonation subunits. Significantly, protonation of the imidazole-subunits in HOF-3 promotes densified packing to extend NIR absorption tail up to 1100 nm with a narrowed bandgap of 1.

Hippocampal NLRP1 inflammasome mediates anxiety-like behavior in mice with hypothyroidism.

Hypothyroidism is associated with anxiety and depression. However, the mechanisms underlying these neuropsychiatric symptoms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of the NLRP1 inflammasome in anxiety-like behavior in mice with hypothyroidism.

Mechanical characteristics analysis of coal around borehole based on three-stage constitutive model and its numerical validation.

The stress and deformation characteristics of coal around borehole have an important impact on the accuracy of stress monitoring in deep mining engineering. This study aims to analyze the stress and deformation of coal around borehole under different stress conditions and the influences of various parameters on deformation distribution by applying an analytical method. Firstly, the linearization of complete stress-strain model of coal is curried out according to the field observation data, and the simplified constitutive model is divided into three stages, i.

Enantioselective dearomative ortho-cycloaddition transformation of unactivated arenes by cage-confined visible-light photocatalysis.

Photoinduced dearomatization of arenes is a powerful strategy in organic synthesis to disrupt the stable aromaticity; however, the asymmetric dearomatization photocatalysis of unactivated arenes remains highly challenging and rare. Herein we demonstrate an enzyme-mimicking cage-confined visible-light asymmetric photocatalysis method for intramolecular dearomative cycloaddition with electron-deficient β-aryl enones. Owing to the multi-functional synergy of chirality, energy transfer, and host-guest interactions in the confined microenvironments, the self-assembled chiral cage-photoreactor could pre-organize the arenes and activate the β-aryl enones to give stereoselectively fused cyclobutanes through visible-light induced [2 + 2] ortho-cycloaddition.

The mechanism of patchouli alcohol in treating IBS-D based on BMP-Smad pathway.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal condition, and diarrhea predominant (IBS-D) is the most common subtype.The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates major gastrointestinal motility and function, and the intestinal neuronal BMP-SMAD signaling pathway is closely related to intestinal motility. Patchouli alcohol (PA) has been reported to modulate IBS-D, but whether its mechanism of action ameliorates IBS-D through the BMP-SMAD signaling pathway is unclear.

How to enhance student satisfaction in Chinese open education? A serial multiple mediating model based on academic buoyancy and flow experience.

With the rapid development of information technology and the widespread acceptance of the concept of sharing educational resources, open education has gradually become an important part of China's national education system as a flexible and efficient learning method. It is also playing a significant role in promoting educational equity and lifelong learning. However, how to effectively implement open education and improve the satisfaction of students who receive open education remains a crucial issue that needs to be addressed.

A Highly Charged Positive Cage Causes Simultaneous Enhancement of Type-II and O-Independent-Type-I Photodynamic Therapy via One-/Two-Photon Stimulation and Tumor Immunotherapy via PANoptosis and Ferroptosis.

To solve the oxygen dependence problem of photodynamic therapy (PDT), it is critical to explore photosensitizers that do not rely on O molecule to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, a stable cationic metal-organic cage [Pd(RuL )](BF) (MOC-88) that possesses high +28 charges is designed. The cage-confined positive microenvironment enables efficient generation of hydroxyl radicals and improved yield of the singlet oxygen under one-/two-photon excitation, showing excellent performance to concurrently enhance Type-II and O-independent-Type-I PDT.

Asymmetric Cascade Photocycloaddition-Acyloin Rearrangement Enabled by Cage-Confined Visible-Light Catalysis.

Enzymatic catalysis in biological systems is characterized by the specific pocket confinement imposed by various protein matrixes, enabling the synthesis of a diverse array of functional biomolecules. Development of new catalysts that incorporate multiple catalytic centers within the enzyme-mimic confined spaces presents a meaningful yet challenging project for synthetic chemists. Here, we present our recent achievement in synthesizing a chiral photosensitive metal-organic cage (cPMOC), -/-MOC-68-Ru, which possesses multiple chiral pockets that can facilitate the visible-light-induced asymmetric cascade intermolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition/acyloin rearrangement for the first time.

Asymmetric Synthesis of Strained Multichiral Spirocyclobutanes through Cage-Confined Cross [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition.

Chiral spirocycles possess the ability to undergo diverse modifications in three-dimensional space, offering advantages in terms of physicochemical property and structural variability over conventional organic scaffolds and holding promising potential for the design of biologically active molecules and drugs. Among them, highly strained spirocyclobutanes with multiple chiral center-containing four-membered rings have attracted significant attention, but their viable and efficient synthesis poses a great challenge. By virtue of cage-confined asymmetric photocatalysis, we successfully construct spirocycle and bispirocycle compounds containing multiple quaternary and tertiary chiral carbon centers in cyclobutane rings through cross [2 + 2] photocycloaddition with visible-light-induced and mild reactions.

Unlocking Photocycloaddition Reactivity of Tropolone by Cage-Confined Visible-Light Photocatalysis for Multilevel Selective Transformation.

The precise asymmetric photochemical transformation of organic compounds containing multiple reactive sites presents significant progress in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we report an unprecedented visible-light-induced cascade transformation of tropolone cyclic triene derivatives by using chiral photoactive metal-organic cages (cPMOCs) as enzyme-mimicking multipocket photocatalysts. The cage-confined photocatalysis promotes three successive elementary steps, .

The concept that went viral: Using machine learning to discover charisma in the wild.

The term "charisma" is recognized as sociology's most successful export to common speech. While sociologists habitually dismiss popular uses of the word, we address its vernacularity head on as a worthy object of study and as a potential resource for conceptual development. Using machine learning, we locate "charisma" within the wider discursive field out of which it arises (and continues to arise) across four corpora; namely: Weber's major writings; social scientific research (123,531 JSTOR articles); and social media ("X") posts containing of "charisma" (n=77,161) and its 2023 variant, "rizz" (n=85,869).

Exploring the molecular landscape of osteosarcoma through PTTG family genes using a detailed multi-level methodology.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) poses a significant clinical challenge, necessitating a comprehensive exploration of its molecular underpinnings.

Methods: This study explored the roles of PTTG family genes (PTTG1, PTTG2, and PTTG3P) in OS, employing a multifaceted approach encompassing molecular experiments, including OS cell lines culturing, RT-qPCR, bisulfite and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and experiments, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets-based validation, overall survival, gene enrichment, functional assays, and molecular docking analyses.

Results: Our findings reveal a consistent up-regulation of PTTG genes in OS cell lines, supported by RT-qPCR experiments and corroborated across various publically available expression datasets databases.

Multipocket Cage Enables the Binding of High-Order Bulky and Drug Guests Uncovered by MS Methodology.

Achieving high guest loading and multiguest-binding capacity holds crucial significance for advancement in separation, catalysis, and drug delivery with synthetic receptors; however, it remains a challenging bottleneck in characterization of high-stoichiometry guest-binding events. Herein, we describe a large-sized coordination cage (MOC-70-ZnPd) possessing 12 peripheral pockets capable of accommodating multiple guests and a high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS)-based method to understand the solution host-guest chemistry. A diverse range of bulky guests, varying from drug molecules to rigid fullerenes as well as flexible host molecules of crown ethers and calixarenes, could be loaded into open pockets with high capacities.

Stereochemical Control of Redox Co/Co-Cages with Switchable Cotton Effects Based on Labile-Static States.

The structural dynamics of artificial assemblies, in aspects such as molecular recognition and structural transformation, provide us with a blueprint to achieve bioinspired applications. Here, we describe the assembly of redox-switchable chiral metal-organic cages Λ/Δ-[Pd(CoL)] and Λ/Δ-[Pd(CoL)]. These isomeric cages demonstrate an on-off chirality logic gate controlled by their chemical and stereostructural dynamics tunable through redox transitions between the labile Co-state and static Co-state with a distinct Cotton effect.

Codelivery of Dual Gases with Metal-Organic Supramolecular Cage-Based Microenvironment-Responsive Nanomedicine for Atherosclerosis Therapy.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common cause of coronary heart disease and stroke. The delivery of exogenous HS and in situ production of O within atherosclerotic plaques can help suppress inflammatory cell infiltration and alleviate disease progression. However, the uncontrolled release of gas donors hinders achieving effective drug concentrations and causes toxic effects.

Anion Modulation of Ag-Imidazole Cuboctahedral Cage Microenvironments for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

How to achieve CO electroreduction in high efficiency is a current challenge with the mechanism not well understood yet. The metal-organic cages with multiple metal sites, tunable active centers, and well-defined microenvironments may provide a promising catalyst model. Here, we report self-assembly of AgL type cuboctahedral cages from coordination dynamic Ag ion and triangular imidazolyl ligand 1,3,5-tris(1-benzylbenzimidazol-2-yl) benzene (Ag-MOC-X, X=NO, ClO, BF) via anion template effect.

Corrigendum: Patchouli alcohol improved diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by regulating excitatory neurotransmission in the myenteric plexus of rats.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.

The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cognitive function recovery in patients with depression following electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for depressive disorder. However, the use of ECT is limited by its cognitive side effects (CSEs), and no specific intervention has been developed to address this problem. As transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe and useful tool for improving cognitive function, the main objective of this study was to explore the ability to use tDCS after ECT to ameliorate the cognitive side effects.

Photocatalysis Meets Confinement: An Emerging Opportunity for Photoinduced Organic Transformations.

The self-assembled metal-organic cages (MOCs) have been evolved as a paradigm of enzyme-mimic catalysts since they are able to synergize multifunctionalities inherent in metal and organic components and constitute microenvironments characteristic of enzymatic spatial confinement and versatile host-guest interactions, thus facilitating unconventional organic transformations via unique driving-forces such as weak noncovalent binding and electron/energy transfer. Recently, MOC-based photoreactors emerged as a burgeoning platform of supramolecular photocatalysis, displaying anomalous reactivities and selectivities distinct from bulk solution. This perspective recaps two decades journey of the photoinduced radical reactions by using photoactive metal-organic cages (PMOCs) as artificial reactors, outlining how the cage-confined photocatalysis was evolved from stoichiometric photoreactions to photocatalytic turnover, from high-energy UV-irradiation to sustainable visible-light photoactivation, and from simple radical reactions to multi-level chemo- and stereoselectivities.

Dynamic Stereochemistry of M Pd Supramolecular Cages Based on Metal-Center Lability for Differential Chiral Induction, Resolution, and Recognition.

A series of isostructural supramolecular cages with a rhombic dodecahedron shape have been assembled with distinct metal-coordination lability (M Pd -MOC-16, M=Ru , Fe , Ni , Zn ). The chirality transfer between metal centers generally imposes homochirality on individual cages to enable solvent-dependent spontaneous resolution of Δ /Λ -M Pd enantiomers; however, their distinguishable stereochemical dynamics manifests differential chiral phenomena governed by the cage stability following the order Ru Pd >Ni Pd >Fe Pd >Zn Pd . The highly labile Zn centers endow the Zn Pd cage with conformational flexibility and deformation, enabling intrigue chiral-Δ /Λ -Zn Pd to meso-Δ Λ -Zn Pd transition induced by anions.