Leaf anatomical structure of dominant shrubs and their influencing factors across habitats in hyper-arid region.

We analyzed the drought adaptation mechanism of shrub species in three typical habitats (oasis, transition zone, and desert) of the extremely arid area in the lower reaches of the Heihe River, with 15 species as the objects. Using paraffin sectioning technology combined with microscopic observation, we measured 14 anatomical traits, including leaf epidermal thickness, total leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, spongy tissue thickness, and main vein vascular bundle thickness, etc. The results showed that leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, and leaf structure compactness (palisade tissue thickness/total leaf thickness) significantly varied among different habitats, and increased with the aggravation of drought degree.

Efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions on psychological well-being in stable COPD: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of multiple non-pharmacological interventions to improve anxiety and depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients by network meta-analysis and to determine the optimal intervention.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the study objectives. The search spanned from database inception to January 2025.

Association between sleep duration and frailty in older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Objective: To assess the relationship between short, and long sleep duration and the risk of frailty in older adults.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases, with the search completed on January 25, 2025, focusing on cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies regarding sleep duration and frailty risk in adults aged 60 and older. Two authors independently performed data extraction, quality assessment, and comprehensive analysis based on predefined criteria.

Health assessment and health trend prediction of wind turbine bearing based on BO-BiLSTM model.

During the long-term operation of wind turbines, due to environmental factors and equipment aging, the health and reliability of each component will gradually decline, leading to failure. To assess the health status of wind turbines, timely grasp the subsequent changes and development trends, it is necessary to extract degradation characteristics, including time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain characteristics. These degradation characteristics can reflect the operating status of the equipment, help build health indicator curves, and evaluate the health status of high-speed shaft bearings of wind turbines.

Multi-functional near-infrared fluorescent polymer dot-siRNA for gene expression regulation.

Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic cells is critical for cell survival, proliferation, and cell fate determination. Misregulation of gene expression can have substantial, negative consequences that result in disease or tissue dysfunction that can be targeted for therapeutic intervention. Several strategies to inhibit gene expression at the level of mRNA transcription and translation have been developed, such as anti-sense inhibition and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing.

Prognostic significance of CDK1 expression in diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma in adult, characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and strong aggressiveness. Previous studies have found that cyclin-dependent kinase 1(CDK1) are related to tumor growth and metastasis. However, the role of CDK1 in DLBCL is exclusive.

Interkingdom ecological networks between plants and fungi drive soil multifunctionality across arid inland river basin.

Despite the known collective contribution of above- (plants) and below-ground (soil fungi) biodiversity on multiple soil functions, how the associations among plant and fungal communities regulate soil multifunctionality (SMF) differentially remains unknown. Here, plant communities were investigated at 81 plots across a typical arid inland river basin, within which associated soil fungal communities and seven soil functions (nutrients storage and biological activity) were measured in surface (0-15 cm) and subsurface soil (15-30 cm). We evaluated the relative importance of species richness and biotic associations (reflected by network complexity) on SMF.

Onsite treatment of wastes in municipal waste incinerator: Co-sintering of fly ash and leachate sludge into value-added ceramic granule.

The leachate sludge (LS) and fly ash (FA) are the foci of hazardous wastes which generated from the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI). The current work developed a new way to use energy from MSWI process for the on-site sintering of LS and FA at a relatively low temperature. With the assistance of CaF, granule of LS and MSWI FA were co-sintered.

Preparation of self-supporting vertically/horizontally grown graphene microelectrodes for neurotransmitter determination.

The development of microelectrodes for the rapid in situ detection of neurotransmitters and their metabolic levels in human biofluids has considerable significance in biomedical research. In this study, self-supported graphene microelectrodes with B-doped, N-doped, and B- and N-co-doped vertical graphene (BVG, NVG, and BNVG, respectively) nanosheets grown on horizontal graphene (HG) were fabricated for the first time. The high electrochemical catalytic activity of BVG/HG on monoamine compounds was explored by investigating the influence of B and N atoms and the VG layer thickness on the response current of neurotransmitters.

Assembly of metallo-macrocycles through reductive C-C coupling of alkylnitriles by an Mg-Mg-bonded compound.

Low-valent metal complexes have attracted much research interest owing to their novel reactivities toward small molecules. Herein the reactivity of the α-diimine-ligated, Mg-Mg-bonded compound [K(THF)][LMg-MgL] (1, L = [(2,6-iPrCH)NC(Me)]) with aliphatic nitriles has been studied. Complex 1 readily activates -alkylnitriles (RCN; R = propyl, butyl, and pentyl) to afford the unique trinuclear magnesium metallo-macrocyclic complexes, [LMg(μ-{(NC-C(R)C(CHR)-NH})][K(Solv)] (2-4: R = -(CH)CH, = 2, 3, or 4; Solv = THF/DME), through a reductive deprotonation of the α-H of one nitrile molecule and C-C coupling between this α-carbon and the cyanide (CN) group of another nitrile, followed by a 1,3-H shift.

Organometallo-macrocycle assembled through dialumane-mediated C-H activation of pyridines.

Dialumane 1 reacts with pyridines at elevated temperatures through regioselective reductive dehydrogenation of 4-H, affording a unique hexanuclear Al(iii) macrocycle [{LAl(pyridyl)}6], which represents the first dialumane-mediated C-H activation of Py and may suggest a new approach toward organometallo supra-molecules by one-pot small molecule activation and self-assembly.

Corrigendum: Vitamin B12 Enhances Nerve Repair and Improves Functional Recovery After Traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibiting ER Stress-Induced Neuron Injury.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.

Reduction of carbodiimides by a dialumane through insertion and cycloaddition.

The dialumane [L2-AlII-AlIIL2-] (L = [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NC(Me)]2; 1) reacts with carbodiimides, RN[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]NR (R = Cy, iPr), through insertion, [2+4] cycloaddition, and a hydrogen transfer process. However, with the bulkier carbodiimides (R = dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3, tBu), the reactions are sterically controlled and lead to the formamidinate products.

CREPT is a novel predictor of the response to adjuvant therapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

CREPT has been shown to be highly expressed in most tumors and is associated with a poor prognosis, but the histologic characteristics of CREPT expression and its impact on clinical outcomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are unclear. Therefore, we retroactively evaluated tissue microarrays (TMA) from 300 surgical cases, including 300 ESCC tissues and 161 adjacent non-tumor tissues, and pretreatment tumor biopsies from 113 concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) cases by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Notably, CREPT was increasingly expressed from non-cancerous tissues to atypical hyperplasia to tumor tissues ( < 0.

Functional characterisation of interleukin 34 in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella.

Interleukin (IL) 34 plays an important role in regulating macrophage functions and inflammation process. IL-34 homologues have recently been discovered in fish but the functions have not been studied. In this study, an IL-34 homologue was identified in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and its bioactivities were investigated.

Phylogeny and expression modulation of interleukin 1 receptors in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

The interleukin (IL) -1 family members play an important role in regulating inflammatory responses and their functions are mediated by a group of receptors consisting of immunoglobulin and Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domains. In humans, 10 IL-1Rs are found. In this study, 5 IL-1 receptors including IL-1R3/IL-1RAcP, IL-1R8/SIGIRR, IL-1R9a/IL-1RAcPL1a, IL-1R9b/IL-1RAcPL1b and IL-1R10/IL-1RAcPL2 were identified in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

Vitamin B Enhances Nerve Repair and Improves Functional Recovery After Traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibiting ER Stress-Induced Neuron Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of neurological damage in young human populations. Vitamin B has been reported to promote axon growth of neuronal cells after peripheral nerve injury, which is currently used for the treatment of peripheral nerve damage in the clinical trial. Thus, we hypothesized that TBI can be attenuated by vitaminB treatment through its beneficial role on axon regeneration after nerve injury.

Identification and expression analysis of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) from soiny mullet (Liza haematocheila).

The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family members play crucial roles in regulating immune signal pathways by acting as inhibitors of cytokine receptor signaling. In this study, 10 SOCS genes were identified in soiny mullet (Liza haematocheila), an economically important aquaculture mugilid species in China and other Asian countries. Sequence comparison showed that the sequence identity between mullet SOCSs and their counterparts from other vertebrates ranged from 38.

Pt nanoparticles supported on YCoFeO perovskite oxides: highly efficient catalysts for liquid-phase hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde.

YCoxFe1-xO3 perovskite oxides were prepared using a modified sol-gel method with SBA-15 as a hard template. Pt nanoparticles supported on YCo0.3Fe0.

Identification and expression analysis of IL-4/13 receptors in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella.

Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines with pleiotropic functions. IL-4 interacts with two receptors consisting of IL-4Rα/γ chain receptor (γC) and IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1. In contrast, IL-13 binds to IL-13Rα2 but also shares the receptor complex containing IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1.

A three-lncRNA signature predicts overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Increasing evidence shows that dysregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can serve as potential biomarkers for cancer prognosis. However, lncRNA signatures, as potential prognostic biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), have been seldom reported.

Methods: Based on our previous transcriptome RNA sequencing analysis from 15 paired ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues, we selected 10 lncRNAs with high score rank and characterized the expression of those lncRNAs, by qRT-PCR, in 138 ESCC and paired adjacent normal samples.

Co-modified MCM-41 as an effective adsorbent for levofloxacin removal from aqueous solution: optimization of process parameters, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies.

Antibiotics are emerging contaminants due to their potential risks to human health and ecosystems. Poor biodegradability makes it necessary to develop effective physical-chemical methods to eliminate these contaminants from water. The cobalt-modified MCM-41 was prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal method and characterized by SAXRD, N adsorption-desorption, SEM, UV-Vis DR, and FTIR spectroscopy.