Mediation analysis of depressive symptoms in the relationship between pulmonary function (measured by peak expiratory flow) and cognitive function among older adults in Chinese.

Background: Population aging has led to accelerated decline in pulmonary function, rising prevalence of depressive symptoms, and cognitive impairment, posing significant public health challenges. Although epidemiological evidence links poorer pulmonary function to subsequent cognitive decline, the pathways driving this relationship are not fully understood. We therefore investigated whether depressive symptoms mediate this relationship in older Chinese adults.

Fusion of Four Aromatic Rings via an Atom-Mutual-Embedding Strategy to Form a Tetrahexacyclic System.

Skeletal manipulation of aromatic compounds has emerged as a potent tool in synthetic chemistry, but simultaneous multiring manipulation remains largely unexplored due to the inherent complexities of ring and site selectivity. Herein, we report an unprecedented multiring skeletal manipulation that fuses four 5-membered aromatic rings, comprising two organic and two metal-containing aromatic systems, into a novel metal-bridged 6/6/6/6-membered ring scaffold. The sequential ring fusion is accomplished through an atom-mutual-embedding strategy; this strategy entails the stepwise insertion of two nitrogen atoms into separate metal-carbon bonds and simultaneously integrates a metal atom as a bridge across two isoxazole moieties.

Correlation of serum trace elements with clinical features and gut microbiota in patients with Crohn's disease.

Changes of several trace elements have been reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD), which is associated with gut microbiota imbalance. This study aimed to investigate changes in trace elements in Chinese CD patients, and explore the correlation of trace element status with clinical features and gut microbiota. Eighty CD patients and 45 healthy volunteers were enrolled between July 2022 and November 2022.

Dearomatizing Photocyclization and Oxidative Aromatization: Constructing Polycyclic Arenes from Styrenes.

The direct construction of polycyclic arenes through ring formation using simple building blocks is highly appealing but remains challenging in organic chemistry. In this study, we introduce an efficient cascade reaction that combines dearomatizing photocyclization with oxidative aromatization, driven by organophotocatalysis. Conducted under mild, transition-metal-free conditions, this reaction seamlessly converts styrene derivatives into a diverse array of functionalized polycyclic aromatic compounds with good yields and regioselectivity.

Class A1 scavenger receptor antibody improves murine colitis by influencing macrophage and gut microbiota.

This study aimed to investigate whether class A1 scavenger receptor (SR-A1) regulated macrophage polarization and gut microbial alteration during intestinal inflammation of colitis. A murine colitis model was established by feeding with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and treatment groups were injected intravenously with SR-A1 antibody. Results showed a preventive effect on colitis symptoms and fewer inflammatory cell infiltrates in treatment groups.

Manganese Complexes with Consecutive Mn(IV) → Mn(III) Excitation for Versatile Photoredox Catalysis.

Manganese complexes stand out as promising candidates for photocatalyst design, attributed to their eco- and biocompatibility, versatile valence states, and capability for facilitating multiple electronic excitations. However, several intrinsic constraints, such as inadequate visible light response and short excited-state lifetimes, hinder effective photoinduced electron transfer and impede photoredox activation of substrates. To overcome this obstacle, we have developed a class of manganese complexes featuring boron-incorporated -heterocyclic carbene ligands.

Modular Assembly of Acridines by Integrating Photo-Excitation of o-Alkyl Nitroarenes with Copper-Promoted Cascade Annulation.

Acridine frameworks stand as pivotal architectural elements in pharmaceuticals and photocatalytic applications, owing to their chemical adaptability, biological activity, and unique excited-state dynamics. Conventional synthetic routes often entail specialized starting materials, anaerobic or moisture-free conditions, and elaborate multi-stage manipulations for incorporating diverse functionalities. Herein, we present a convergent approach integrating photo-excitation of readily available ortho-alkyl nitroarenes with copper-promoted cascade annulation.

Asymmetric Cross-Coupling of Aldehydes with Diverse Carbonyl or Iminyl Compounds by Photoredox-Mediated Cobalt Catalysis.

The asymmetric cross-coupling of unsaturated bonds, hampered by their comparable polarity and reactivity, as well as the scarcity of efficient catalytic systems capable of diastereo- and enantiocontrol, presents a significant hurdle in organic synthesis. In this study, we introduce a highly adaptable photochemical cobalt catalysis framework that facilitates chemo- and stereoselective reductive cross-couplings between common aldehydes with a broad array of carbonyl and iminyl compounds, including -acylhydrazones, aryl ketones, aldehydes, and α-keto esters. Our methodology hinges on a synergistic mechanism driven by photoredox-induced single-electron reduction and subsequent radical-radical coupling, all precisely guided by a chiral cobalt catalyst.

Effect of uniparental disomy in parentage testing.

Uniparental disomy (UPD) is a rare type of chromosomal aberration that may hinder the analysis of kinship during forensic identification. Here, we investigated these genetic findings to avoid false exclusions during parentage testing. Thirty-nine fluorescently labeled, autosomal short tandem repeats (STR) were amplified in three cases, to detect parent-child relationships.

Visible light-triggered selective C(sp)-H/C(sp)-H coupling of benzenes with aliphatic hydrocarbons.

The direct and selective coupling of benzenes with aliphatic hydrocarbons is a promising strategy for C(sp)-C(sp) bond formation using readily available starting materials, yet it remains a significant challenge. In this study, we have developed a simplified photochemical system that incorporates catalytic amounts of iron(III) halides as multifunctional reagents and air as a green oxidant to address this synthetic problem. Under mild conditions, the reaction between a strong C(sp)-H bond and a robust C(sp)-H bond has been achieved, affording a broad range of cross-coupling products with high yields and commendable chemo-, site-selectivity.

[Retracted] MicroRNA‑381 serves as a prognostic factor and inhibits migration and invasion in non‑small cell lung cancer by targeting LRH‑1.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that certain of the western blotting data shown in Fig. 5C, and the cell migration and invasion data shown in Figs. 3C and D and 6B and C were strikingly similar to data that had already appeared in other articles.

Photo-Induced C-H Methylation Reactions.

Direct C-H methylation is a highly valuable approach for introducing methyl groups into organic molecules, particularly in pharmaceutical chemistry. Among the various methodologies available, photo-induced methylation stands out as an exceptional choice due to its mild reaction conditions, energy efficiency, and compatibility with functional groups. This article offers a comprehensive review of photochemical strategies employed for the direct and selective methylation of C(sp )-H, C(sp )-H, and C(sp)-H bonds in various organic molecules.

Recent Advances in Photochemical Asymmetric Three-Component Reactions.

Over the past decades, asymmetric photochemical synthesis has garnered significant attention for its sustainability and unique ability to generate enantio-enriched molecules through distinct reaction pathways. Photochemical asymmetric three-component reactions have demonstrated significant potential for the rapid construction of chiral compounds with molecular diversity and complexity. However, noteworthy challenges persist, including the participation of high-energy intermediates such as radical species, difficulties in precise control of stereoselectivity, and the presence of competing background and side reactions.

Synthesis of metalla-dual-azulenes with fluoride ion recognition properties.

Azulene-based conjugated systems are of great interests due to their unusual structures and photophysical properties. Incorporation of a transition metal into azulene skeleton presents an intriguing opportunity to combine the d-p and p-p conjugated properties. No such metallaazulene skeleton however has been reported to date.

Photochemical Synthesis of S,N,O-Containing Polyheterocycles via an α-C(sp)-H Functionalization/Radical Cyclization Cascade.

A highly effective approach based on an organophotocatalytic α-C(sp)-H functionalization/radical cyclization cascade has been developed. This method enables the synthesis of various tricyclic heterocycles containing S, O, and N atoms with excellent site selectivity and diastereoselectivity. Mechanistic investigations have confirmed that the reaction involves photoredox-triggered C(sp)-H cleavage followed by a radical cyclization and aromatization process.

Does the periportal end of a double-lumen endobronchial tube need to be fixed to prevent dislocation of the cuffed end caused by a change in position? A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects on the dislocation and misalignment of the cuffed end of a double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT) when a patient moves from a horizontal to a lateral position without fixation.

Methods: A total of 148 patients who had undergone video-assisted thoracoscope surgery were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups: a group in which the periportal end of the DLT was fixed with tape (group I;  = 74) and a group in which the periportal end of the DLT remained unfixed (group II;  = 74). Both groups were given an intravenous induction for double-lumen endobronchial intubation and then moved from a horizontal position to a lateral position, after which the alignment of the bronchial cuffed end of the DLT was assessed using a fiberoptic bronchoscope.

A transition metal- and photosensitizer-free approach for site-selective (hetero)arylation of polychlorinated heteroarenes.

We have developed an effective photochemical method for site-selective (hetero)arylation of polychlorinated heteroarenes. This approach eliminates the need for transition metal catalysts and photosensitizers by relying on formation of unconventional electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes between two substrates and a basic additive. Our protocol yields chlorine-containing biaryl heterocyclic compounds with high levels of site-selectivity, which are of significant importance in both synthetic and medicinal chemistry.

Towards sustainable development: research on the green growth effect of digital agriculture in China.

With the rapid development of the Internet, modern agricultural digital technology will play a more critical role in the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture. In this paper, we used China's provincial data to examine the impact factors of digital transformation of agriculture and agricultural green total factor productivity indicators using the entropy value method and the SBM-GML index method from 2013 to 2019. We investigated the impact of digital agriculture on green agricultural growth using methods such as the fixed effects model and mediated effects model.

Effect of individualized PEEP titration by ultrasonography on perioperative pulmonary protection and postoperative cognitive function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the individualized positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) lung protection ventilation strategy by combining driving pressure (ΔP) and pulmonary ultrasound (LUS)-based titration on lung function and postoperative cognitive function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: A total of 108 patients with COPD undergoing laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery under general anesthesia were included in this study. They were randomly divided into three groups (n = 36): traditional volume ventilation group (Group C), fixed PEEP 5 cmHO group (Group P), and ΔP combined with LUS-based PEEP titration in the resuscitation room group (Group T).

Impact of NiCoO/SrTiO p-n Heterojunctions on the Interface of Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation.

Forming semiconductor heterojunctions is a promising strategy to boost the efficiency of solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting by accelerating the separation and transport of photogenerated charge carriers via an interfacial electric field. However, there is limited research considering the influence of electrolytes on the band alignment of the heterojunction under PEC conditions. In this work, we use a single crystal NiCoO/SrTiO (NCO/STO) heterojunction with atomic-precision controlled thickness as a model photoelectrode to study the band structure modulations upon getting in contact with the electrolyte and the correlation with the PEC activity.

Fe-Catalyzed Aliphatic C-H Methylation of Glycine Derivatives and Peptides.

Direct and selective C-H methylation is a powerful tool with which to install methyl groups into organic molecules, and is particularly useful in pharmaceutical chemistry. However, practical methods for such modification of biologically interesting targets have been rarely developed. We here report an iron-catalyzed C(sp )-H methylation reaction of glycine derivatives, peptides and drug-like molecules in an alcohol in the presence of di-tert-butyl peroxide.

Selectfluor®-enabled photochemical selective C(sp)-H(sulfonyl)amidation.

Transition metal- and photosensitizer-free C(sp)-H (sulfonyl)amidation reactions have been realized by employing Selectfluor® as a versatile reagent, functioning as a photoactive component, a HAT precursor and an oxidant. Various toluene derivatives, cycloalkanes, natural products and bioactive molecules can be converted into -containing products under mild conditions in good yield and with high chemo- and site-selectivity.

Condensed Osmaquinolines with NIR-II Absorption Synthesized by Aryl C-H Annulation and Aromatization.

The structural design and tuning of properties of metallaaromatics are crucial in materials and energy science. Herein, we describe the rapid synthesis of tetracyclic metallaaromatics containing quinoline and pentalene motifs fused by a metal-bridged fragment. These unique compounds display remarkably broad absorption, enabling for the first time the absorption of metallaaromatics to reach the second near-infrared (NIR-II) bio-window.