Roadmap for Next-Generation Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies: Secondary Batteries and Supercapacitors.

The transition from fossil fuels to environmentally friendly renewable energy sources is crucial for achieving global initiatives such as the carbon peak and carbon neutrality. The use of secondary batteries and supercapacitors based on electrochemical energy storage principles provides high energy density, conversion efficiency, and rapid response times, offering essential solutions for stabilizing and ensuring the reliability of energy supply from renewable sources despite their intermittency. In recent years, increased demands for higher energy density, improved rate performance, longer cycle life, enhanced safety, and cost-effectiveness have driven researchers to delve deeper into electrode materials, electrolytes, and storage mechanisms in secondary batteries.

Steroids with prominent cytotoxic activity against non-small cell lung cancer cells from the Strophanthus divaricatus.

Four previously undescribed steroids, named sarmutogenin diginoside, sarmutogenin oleandroside, 16-hydroxy-17βH sarmutogenin digitaloside and 12-dehydroxy sarmutogenin diginoside (1-4), along with eight known ones (5-12) were isolated from the stems and leaves of Strophanthus divaricatus. The chemical structures of the new compounds including their absolute configurations, were characterized by extensive spectroscopic methods, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), X-ray diffraction, as well as comparison with literature data. Most of the isolated compounds demonstrated superior antiproliferative activities against A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells compared to cisplatin, a first-line treatment regimen for NSCLC.

Quorum sensing mediated response mechanism of anammox consortia to anionic surfactant: Molecular simulation and molecular evidence.

The widespread use of surfactants raise challenges to biological wastewater treatment. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has the potential to treat wastewater containing anionic surfactants, but the response of anammox consortia at the molecular level under long-term exposure is unclear. Using high-throughput sequencing and gene quantification, combined with molecular docking, the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) on anammox consortia were investigated.

The electrochemistry of stable sulfur isotopes versus lithium.

Sulfur in nature consists of two abundant stable isotopes, with two more neutrons in the heavy one (S) than in the light one (S). The two isotopes show similar physicochemical properties and are usually considered an integral system for chemical research in various fields. In this work, a model study based on a Li-S battery was performed to reveal the variation between the electrochemical properties of the two S isotopes.

A Fast-Charge Graphite Anode with a Li-Ion-Conductive, Electron/Solvent-Repelling Interface.

Graphite has been serving as the key anode material of rechargeable Li-ion batteries, yet is difficultly charged within a quarter hour while maintaining stable electrochemistry. In addition to a defective edge structure that prevents fast Li-ion entry, the high-rate performance of graphite could be hampered by co-intercalation and parasitic reduction of solvent molecules at anode/electrolyte interface. Conventional surface modification by pitch-derived carbon barely isolates the solvent and electrons, and usually lead to inadequate rate capability to meet practical fast-charge requirements.

Concentration-Gradient Nb-Doping in a Single-Crystal LiNiCoMnO Cathode for High-Rate and Long-Cycle Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Single-crystalline nickel-rich layered oxides are promising cathode materials for building high-energy lithium-ion batteries because of alleviated particle cracking and irreversible phase transitions upon cycling, compared with their polycrystalline counterparts. Under a high state of charge, parasitic reactions tend to occur at the cathode-electrolyte interface, which could result in sluggish Li-ion diffusion kinetics and quickly faded electrochemical performance of cathodes. In this work, a concentration-gradient niobium-doping strategy was applied to modify the single-crystal LiNiCoMnO cathode, with Nb concentration decreasing linearly from the surface to the core of the particle.

Icaritin-elevated circ_0000190 suppresses the malignant progression of multiple myeloma by targeting miR-301a.

Icaritin has potential anticancer effects on various cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). Recent studies claim that Icaritin can regulate the expression of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in cancer development. This study aimed to investigate the role of circular RNA_0000190 (circ_0000190) and functional mechanism in Icaritin-treated MM.

Dietary Intake of Fatty Acids, Total Cholesterol, and Stomach Cancer in a Chinese Population.

To investigate the associations between dietary fatty acids and cholesterol consumption and stomach cancer (SC), we analyzed data from a population-based case-control study with a total of 1900 SC cases and 6532 controls. Dietary data and other risk or protective factors were collected by face-to-face interviews in Jiangsu Province, China, from 2003 to 2010. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multiple unconditional logistic regression models and an energy-adjusted method.

CCL21/IL21-armed oncolytic adenovirus enhances antitumor activity against TERT-positive tumor cells.

Multigene-armed oncolytic adenoviruses are capable of efficiently generating a productive antitumor immune response. The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 (CCL21) binds to CCR7 on naïve T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) to promote their chemoattraction to the tumor and resultant antitumor activity. Interleukin 21 (IL21) promotes survival of naïve T cells while maintaining their CCR7 surface expression, which increases their capacity to transmigrate in response to CCL21 chemoattraction.

Enhanced growth suppression of TERT-positive tumor cells by oncolytic adenovirus armed with CCL20 and CD40L.

Conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds) selectively replicate in cancer cells and induce cell lysis, which represents a potential platform for cancer immunotherapy. The chemokine CCL20 exerts antitumor activity via chemoattraction of immature dendritic cells (DCs) and lymphocytes. However, the activation and maturation status of DCs is a limiting factor in the DCs -based immunity response.

[Analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of measles patients younger than 1 year old in Shandong province].

Objective: To explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of measles patients younger than 1 year old in Shandong province.

Methods: A total of 5309 cases of measles, whose patients were younger than 1 year old in Shandong province between year 1999 and 2008 were collected. The epidemic features of measles were described, and the annual infant incidence was calculated.

Combining job stress models in predicting burnout by hierarchical multiple regressions: a cross-sectional investigation in Shanghai.

Objective: To compare the predictive validity of the demand control and effort-reward imbalance model, alone and in combination with each other, for job burnout in Shanghai employees.

Methods: A sample of 1368 Shanghai employees responded to a core job stress questionnaire and burnout scale in Chinese. Hierarchically moderated multiple regressions were used to analyze the relationship between job stress and burnout.

[Hierarchical regression analysis for relationship between job stress and job burnout in Shanghai employees].

Objective: To identify related factors of job burnout in Shanghai employees.

Methods: Four hundred fifty-six employees in Shanghai were investigated in this study. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess job burnout and job stress, based on Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Job Demand-Control model as well as Effort-Reward Imbalance Model.

[Reliability and validity of Burnout Questionnaire in occupational population].

Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of simple Burnout Questionnaire in occupational population.

Methods: A self-administered Burnout Questionnaire comprising 19 items was developed in light of Maslash Burnout Questionnaire and used for investigating 458 employees.

Results: Cronbach's alpha between total items of Burnout Questionnaire and each factor fell in between 0.