Interpretable machine learning model for predicting MII oocyte retrieved following controlled ovarian stimulation: a retrospective cohort study of 24,976 IVF/ICSI cycles.

Purpose: Can machine learning effectively predict the number of mature oocytes retrieved after controlled ovarian stimulation in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection?

Design: This retrospective study included data from 24,976 infertility patients treated between 2018 and 2022 at a single reproductive center. After data preprocessing, feature selection was performed using correlation analysis, LASSO regression, and recursive elimination based on random forest. Eight machine learning models were developed to predict the number of mature oocytes retrieved.

Elevated Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, and Platelet Counts as Early Biomarkers of Preeclampsia Risk: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between peripheral immune markers during gestational weeks 11-28 and the risk of preeclampsia (PE), and to explore potential causal relationships using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 19, 028 singleton pregnancies between January 2020 and December 2023. Peripheral immune markers, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets, and derived indices, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), were analyzed in relation to PE incidence.

The Effectiveness and Influence of COVID-19 Vaccination on Perinatal Individuals and Their Newborns: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected pregnant individuals, increasing risks of severe illness and adverse outcomes. While vaccination is a key mitigation strategy, initial exclusion from clinical trials led to limited safety data. Despite evidence of vaccine effectiveness, hesitancy persists in this population.

The role of FAK signaling in early placental development and trophoblast lineage specification in human pregnancy.

The placenta serves as a vital interface for fetal-maternal exchange, relying on trophoblast differentiation for development. This process involves cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) transitioning into syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs), driving placental maturation. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a key cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, regulates cellular processes such as proliferation, survival, and signaling.

Association of long-term PM and its components exposure with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome risk in assisted reproductive technology patients.

This study investigates the impact of long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) and its components on the risk of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS) in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a large reproductive medical center in Sichuan Province, China, including 45,703 women undergoing their first ART cycle between January 2018 and May 2024. The overall incidence of OHSS was 1.

The effect of early pregnancy ALT elevation on neonatal birth weight: The mediating role of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in early pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are linked to an increased rate of large for gestational age (LGA) births. Additionally, elevated ALT levels raise the risk of developing GDM, but it remains unclear whether GDM mediates the effect of ALT on neonatal birth weight. This study examines whether GDM mediates this relationship.

Dysregulation of MYBL2 impairs extravillous trophoblast lineage development and function, contributing to recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a pregnancy-related condition characterized by a complex etiology. While placental trophoblast dysfunction is strongly associated with the development and progression of RSA, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we observed a significant decrease in the expression of MYB Proto-Oncogene Like 2 (MYBL2) in the villous tissue of patients with RSA and the placentas of abortion-prone (AP) mice.

Postpartum hemorrhage emerges as a key outcome of maternal SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection surge across pregnancy trimesters.

Background: Despite evidence showing changes in disease severity with the virus's evolution and vaccination efforts, the link between maternal, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes and SARS-CoV-2 infections during different pregnancy trimesters remains unclear, especially with the BA.5 and BF.7 Omicron subvariant surge in China in December 2022.

Association between PM components and poor ovarian response in assisted reproductive technology patients: A retrospective cohort study identifying sensitive exposure windows in China.

Environmental factors, particularly various components of fine particulate matter (PM) (i.e., sulfate [SO], nitrate [NO], ammonium [NH], organic matter [OM] and black carbon [BC]), are increasingly recognized as potential risk factors for poor ovarian response (POR) in fertility treatments.

Interacting and joint effects of assisted reproductive technology and gestational diabetes mellitus on preterm birth and the mediating role of gestational diabetes mellitus: a cohort study using a propensity score.

Objective: To investigate whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mediates the association between assisted reproductive technology (ART) and preterm birth (PTB), and to examine the interaction and joint effects of ART and GDM on PTB.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from 20,721 mothers with singleton live births at Sichuan Jinxin Xinan Women and Children's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023. The exposures were ART and GDM, and the outcome was PTB.

The Safety and Efficacy of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology: A prospective cohort study.

Background: The safety of the COVID-19 inactivated vaccine on pregnancy outcomes in couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology remains uncertain due to limited and speculative evidence. Existing studies primarily focus on the vaccination status of females, with scant information available regarding the vaccination status of male partners. Moreover, there is minimal research tracking live birth outcomes.

Impact of Omicron Variant Infection on Female Fertility and Laboratory Outcomes: A Self-Controlled Study.

Problem: Investigating the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on female fertility and laboratory outcomes in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment who were initially uninfected but later became infected.

Methods Of The Study: This self-controlled study included 197 patients who underwent repeated oocyte retrieval before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2021 and April 2023, of which 117 used the same ovarian stimulation protocol within a consistent age range. We evaluated the ovarian reserve, ovarian response, and laboratory outcomes in patients before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The association of early pregnancy dyslipidemia with preterm birth in twin pregnancies: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Maternal lipid metabolism has been implicated in elevating the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, which is a particularly significant concern in twin pregnancies. However, the precise relationship between early pregnancy dyslipidemia and the risk of preterm birth (PTB) in twin pregnancies remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included women with twin pregnancies between January 2018 and December 2023.

Association of ambient air pollutant mixtures with IVF/ICSI-ET clinical pregnancy rates during critical exposure periods.

Study Question: Does exposure to a mixture of ambient air pollutants during specific exposure periods influence clinical pregnancy rates in women undergoing IVF/ICSI-embryo transfer (ET) cycles?

Summary Answer: The specific exposure period from ET to the serum hCG test was identified as a critical exposure window as exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO) or a combination of air pollutants was associated with a decreased likelihood of clinical pregnancy.

What Is Known Already: Exposure to a single pollutant may impact pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing ART. However, in daily life, individuals often encounter mixed pollution, and limited research exists on the effects of mixed air pollutants and the specific exposure periods.

The construction of machine learning-based predictive models for high-quality embryo formation in poor ovarian response patients with progestin-primed ovarian stimulation.

Objective: To explore the optimal models for predicting the formation of high-quality embryos in Poor Ovarian Response (POR) Patients with Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation (PPOS) using machine learning algorithms.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 4,216 POR cycles who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) / intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) at Sichuan Jinxin Xinan Women and Children's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2021. Based on the presence of high-quality cleavage embryos 72 h post-fertilization, the samples were divided into the high-quality cleavage embryo group (N = 1950) and the non-high-quality cleavage embryo group (N = 2266).

Evaluating the role of DNA methyltransferases in trophoblast fusion and preeclampsia development: Insights from methylation-regulated genes.

The etiology of preeclampsia (PE), a complex and multifactorial condition, remains incompletely understood. DNA methylation, which is primarily regulated by three DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B, plays a vital role in early embryonic development and trophectoderm differentiation. Yet, how DNMTs modulate trophoblast fusion and PE development remains unclear.

Suppression of GATA3 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and simultaneous cellular senescence in human extravillous trophoblasts.

The regulatory mechanism of the transcription factor GATA3 in the differentiation and maturation process of extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) in early pregnancy placenta, as well as its relevance to the occurrence of pregnancy disorders, remains poorly understood. This study leveraged single-cell RNA sequencing data from placental organoid models and placental tissue to explore the dynamic changes in GATA3 expression during EVT maturation. The expression pattern exhibited an initial upregulation followed by subsequent downregulation, with aberrant GATA3 localization observed in cases of recurrent miscarriage (RM).

Metabolic landscape and pathogenic insights: a comprehensive analysis of high ovarian response in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization.

Background: In the realm of assisted reproduction, a subset of infertile patients demonstrates high ovarian response following controlled ovarian stimulation (COS), with approximately 29.7% facing the risk of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS). Management of OHSS risk often necessitates embryo transfer cancellation, leading to delayed prospects of successful pregnancy and significant psychological distress.

Palmitic acid impairs human and mouse placental function by inhibiting trophoblast autophagy through induction of acyl-coenzyme A-binding protein (ACBP) upregulation.

Study Question: Can exposure to palmitic acid (PA), a common saturated fatty acid, modulate autophagy in both human and mouse trophoblast cells through the regulation of acyl-coenzyme A-binding protein (ACBP)?

Summary Answer: PA exposure before and during pregnancy impairs placental development through mechanisms involving placental autophagy and ACBP expression.

What Is Known Already: High-fat diets, including PA, have been implicated in adverse effects on human placental and fetal development. Despite this recognition, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood.

HMGB1 regulates autophagy of placental trophoblast through ERK signaling pathway†.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in placental development and fetal growth.

Methods: We employed the Cre-loxP recombination system to establish a placenta-specific HMGB1 knockout mouse model. Breeding HMGB1flox/flox mice with Elf5-Cre mice facilitated the knockout, leveraging Elf5 expression in extra-embryonic ectoderm, ectoplacental cone, and trophoblast giant cells at 12.

The association of post-embryo transfer SARS-CoV-2 infection with early pregnancy outcomes in in vitro fertilization: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection after embryo transfer on early pregnancy outcomes in in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer treatment remains inadequately understood. This knowledge gap endures despite an abundance of studies investigating the repercussions of preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection on early pregnancy outcomes in spontaneous pregnancies.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection within 10 weeks after embryo transfer and early pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment.