Detect the disrupted brain structural connectivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without cognitive impairment.

Background: Cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) occurs years before the onset of clinical symptoms. Early detection of this incipient cognitive decline stage, which is T2DM without mild cognitive impairment, is critical for clinical intervention, yet it remains elusive and challenging to identify.

Aim: To identify structural changes in the brains of T2DM patients without cognitive impairment to gain insights into the early-stage cognitive decline.

A New Method for Antispastic Effect in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts by Using a L- and T-Type Calcium Channel Blocker Efonidipine.

Background: Internal mammary artery (IMA) is the most commonly used graft in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Spasm of the IMA is a long-recognized problem with the reported prevalence of 0.43% in all CABG surgery.

Telaprevir attenuates caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis in mouse heart following ischemia/reperfusion via inhibition of MALT1/TRAF6 pathway.

Pyroptosis is one of the major forms of cardiomyocyte death following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1)/Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) pathway is involved in cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in mouse heart following I/R, and telaprevir, a hepatitis C virus protease inhibitor, has been predicted as a potential inhibitor of MALT1. This study aims to explore the effect of telaprevir on I/R-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis.

SPATA2/CYLD Pathway-Dependent Deubiquitylation of p53 Promotes Ferroptosis in Rat Heart After Ischaemia/Reperfusion Through Suppression of SLC7A11.

Background & Aim: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death and contributes to myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is a key factor to accelerate ferroptosis, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Solute carrier family 7A member 11 (SLC7A11) plays a key role in maintaining the normal level of GPX4, and its transcription is suppressed by p53, whose level is controlled by spermatogenesis-associated protein 2 (SPATA2)/cylindromatosis (CYLD) pathway in a de-ubiquitination-dependent way.

Causal association between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use and the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The results of earlier observational research on the relationships between the usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) and the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have been inconsistent.

Methods: To assess these associations, we performed both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. Instrumental variables (IVs) associated with exposures at the significance level (p < 5 × 10) were selected from a comprehensive meta-analysis conducted by the United Kingdom Biobank (UKB).

Anthocyanin metabolites and related regulatory genes analysis in leaves of Acer Pseudosieboldianum mutant during different periods of color change.

Background: Acer pseudosieboldianum (Pax) Komarov, is a colorful leaf species belonging to the family Aceraceae, mainly distributed in Northeast China, Russia, and northern Korea. The leaves of Acer pseudosieboldianum are green in spring and summer, and turning red in autumn, which is of high ornamental value. In previous study, a mutant maple was selected with alternating red-green leaf color in spring and summer.

TDCPP promotes apoptosis and inhibits the calcium signaling pathway in human neural stem cells.

Tris (1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) is an extensively used organophosphorus flame retardant (OFR). Previous studies have suggested that it has neurotoxic effects, but the neurotoxicity mechanism is still unclear. Neural stem cells are an important in vitro model for studying the neurotoxicity mechanism of pollutants.

Comparative transcriptome analysis highlights resistance regulatory networks of maize in response to Exserohilum turcicum infection at the early stage.

Northern corn leaf blight, caused by Exserohilum turcicum (E. turcicum), is one of the most destructive diseases in maize, leading to serious yield losses. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of E.

Four new species and four newly recorded species of Haliday (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from China, with a key to Chinese species.

In this paper, four species of Haliday, Li & Li, , Li & Li, , Li & Li, , and Li & Li, , are described as new to science; four species, Szelényi, Graham, Yefremova & Kriskovich, and (Förster) are reported from China for the first time; and the male of is reported for the first time in the world. A key to all known species of the genus in China is provided.

Correlated topological flat bands in rhombohedral graphite.

Flat bands and nontrivial topological physics are two important topics of condensed matter physics. With a unique stacking configuration analogous to the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, rhombohedral graphite (RG) is a potential candidate for realizing both flat bands and nontrivial topological physics. Here, we report experimental evidence of topological flat bands (TFBs) on the surface of bulk RG, which are topologically protected by bulk helical Dirac nodal lines via the bulk-boundary correspondence.

[Effects of Replacing Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer on Active Organic Carbon Fractions, Enzyme Activities, and Crop Yield in Yellow Soil].

Taking the typical yellow soil in Guizhou as the research object, four treatments were set up： no fertilization （CK）, single application of chemical fertilizer （NP）, 50% organic fertilizer instead of chemical nitrogen fertilizer [1/2（NPM）], and 100% organic fertilizer instead of chemical nitrogen fertilizer （M）. The effects of organic fertilizer instead of chemical nitrogen fertilizer on organic carbon and its active components, soil carbon pool management index, soil enzyme activity, and maize and soybean yield in yellow soil were studied in order to provide theoretical basis for scientific fertilization and soil quality improvement in this area. The results showed that the replacement of chemical nitrogen fertilizer by organic fertilizer significantly increased soil pH, organic carbon （SOC）, total nitrogen （TN） content, and C/N ratio.

Entanglement Structure and Information Protection in Noisy Hybrid Quantum Circuits.

In the context of measurement-induced entanglement phase transitions, the influence of quantum noises, which are inherent in real physical systems, is of great importance and experimental relevance. In this Letter, we present a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the effects of both temporally uncorrelated and correlated quantum noises on entanglement generation and information protection. This investigation reveals that entanglement within the system follows q^{-1/3} scaling for both types of quantum noises, where q represents the noise probability.

CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 Complex-Dependent MALT1 Activation Facilitates Myocardial Oxidative Stress in Doxorubicin-Treated Mice via Enhancing k48-Linked Ubiquitination of Nrf2.

Downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) contributes to doxorubicin (DOX)-induced myocardial oxidative stress, and inhibition of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) increased Nrf2 protein level in rat heart suffering ischemia/reperfusion, indicating a connection between MALT1 and Nrf2. This study aims to explore the role of MALT1 in DOX-induced myocardial oxidative stress and the underlying mechanisms. The mice received a single injection of DOX (15 mg/kg, i.

Palmitic acid impairs human and mouse placental function by inhibiting trophoblast autophagy through induction of acyl-coenzyme A-binding protein (ACBP) upregulation.

Study Question: Can exposure to palmitic acid (PA), a common saturated fatty acid, modulate autophagy in both human and mouse trophoblast cells through the regulation of acyl-coenzyme A-binding protein (ACBP)?

Summary Answer: PA exposure before and during pregnancy impairs placental development through mechanisms involving placental autophagy and ACBP expression.

What Is Known Already: High-fat diets, including PA, have been implicated in adverse effects on human placental and fetal development. Despite this recognition, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood.

HMGB1 regulates autophagy of placental trophoblast through ERK signaling pathway†.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in placental development and fetal growth.

Methods: We employed the Cre-loxP recombination system to establish a placenta-specific HMGB1 knockout mouse model. Breeding HMGB1flox/flox mice with Elf5-Cre mice facilitated the knockout, leveraging Elf5 expression in extra-embryonic ectoderm, ectoplacental cone, and trophoblast giant cells at 12.

Role of deubiquitinase JOSD2 in the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly malignancy with limited treatment options. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) have been confirmed to play a crucial role in the development of malignant tumors. JOSD2 is a DUB involved in controlling protein deubiquitination and influencing critical cellular processes in cancer.

Porous borders at the wild-crop interface promote weed adaptation in Southeast Asia.

High reproductive compatibility between crops and their wild relatives can provide benefits for crop breeding but also poses risks for agricultural weed evolution. Weedy rice is a feral relative of rice that infests paddies and causes severe crop losses worldwide. In regions of tropical Asia where the wild progenitor of rice occurs, weedy rice could be influenced by hybridization with the wild species.

Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeting Self-Assembly Nanosheets Promote Autophagy and Regulate Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment for Efficient Photodynamic Immunotherapy.

The poor efficiency and low immunogenicity of photodynamic therapy (PDT), and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) lead to tumor recurrence and metastasis. In this work, TCPP-T-Zn@RSV nanosheets (TZR NSs) that co-assembled from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeting photosensitizer TCPP-T-Zn nanosheets (TZ NSs for short) and the autophagy promoting and indoleamine-(2, 3)-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor-like resveratrol (RSV) are fabricated to enhance antitumor PDT. TZR NSs exhibit improved therapeutic efficiency and amplified immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD) by ER targeting PDT and ER autophagy promotion.

A new species of Dalman (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) and three newly recorded species from China.

In this paper, a new species of Dalman, is described from Tibet and three species, Kamijo, Erdös, and Kamijo are reported from China for the first time. A detailed description and illustrations of the new species are provided, as well as diagnoses and illustrations of the three newly recorded species.

The application of human-derived cell lines in neurotoxicity studies of environmental pollutants.

As industrial and societal advancements progress, an increasing number of environmental pollutants linked to human existence have been substantiated to elicit neurotoxicity and developmental neural toxicity. For research in this field, human-derived neural cell lines have become excellent in vitro models. This study examines the utilization of immortalized cell lines, specifically the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line, and neural cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells, in the investigation of neurotoxicity and developmental neural toxicity caused by environmental pollutants.

Development of machine learning prognostic models for overall survival of prostate cancer patients with lymph node-positive.

Prostate cancer (PCa) patients with lymph node involvement (LNI) constitute a single-risk group with varied prognoses. Existing studies on this group have focused solely on those who underwent prostatectomy (RP), using statistical models to predict prognosis. This study aimed to develop an easily accessible individual survival prediction tool based on multiple machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict survival probability for PCa patients with LNI.

Role of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in the regulation of ion channels: focus on its association with cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.

Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling is vital for cell differentiation and proliferation during embryonic development, yet its role in cardiac, cerebral, and vascular pathophysiology is under debate. Recent studies have demonstrated that several compounds of SHH signaling regulate ion channels, which in turn affect the behavior of target cells. Some of these ion channels are involved in the cardio-cerebrovascular system.

A review of the toxic effects of ammonia on invertebrates in aquatic environments.

Aquatic invertebrates are the organisms most susceptible to ammonia toxicity. However, the toxic effects of ammonia on invertebrates are still poorly understood. This study reviews the research progress in ammonia toxicology for the period from 1986 to 2023, focusing on the effects on invertebrates.