FOXO1 contributes to cigarette smoke condensate-induced cellular senescence and fibrosis in lung fibroblasts through activating the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

Cigarette smoking is the most dominant factor contributing to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fibroblasts are sensitive to cellular injury induced by cigarette smoke condensate (CSC). This study was devoted to discovering the potential target and exploring its regulatory mechanism in CSC-induced human fibroblasts.

PDK1 inhibition reduces autophagy and cell senescence through the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in a cigarette smoke mouse emphysema model.

A number of previous studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of PI3K/AKT signalling in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced emphysema, where phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) is a critical component of this pathway. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of a PDK1 inhibitor (GSK-2334470) on the expression levels of PI3K, AKT, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16) and LC3B in a CS + CS extract (CSE)-induced mouse emphysema model. CS exposure and intraperitoneal injections of CSE were combined for 4 weeks to establish an emphysema model.

Detection of the freshness of rice by chemiluminescence.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are usually produced in rice under aerobic environmental conditions, resulting in peroxidative changes in polyunsaturated fatty acids, and affecting the deterioration of rice during storage. In addition, as an important enzyme that participates in removing ROS, peroxidase is also present in rice, and takes part in protecting rice from attack by ROS. Moreover, loss of peroxidase activity may give rise to rice deterioration during storage.

Application in photocatalytic degradation of zearalenone based on graphitic carbon nitride.

A semiconductor nano-material was prepared, and its degradation efficiency of zearalenone (ZEN) was studied. The photocatalytic material graphitic carbon nitride (g-C N ) was synthesized by the traditional method of hot cracking. Its structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of quinazoline derivatives as dual HDAC1 and HDAC6 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.

Fifty-eight quinazoline-based compounds were designed and synthesized based on the structural optimizations from the lead compound 23bb in an attempt to search for more potent dual HDAC1 and HDAC6 inhibitors. Among them, 32c (HDAC1, IC  = 31.10 ± 0.

Clinical features of girls with short stature among inv (9), Turner (45, X) and control individuals.

Background: The clinical significance of pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 [inv (9)] remains unclear.

Methods: This case control study assessed girls with short stature. According to karyotypes, the subjects were divided into inv (9) [46,XX,inv (9)(p12q13) and 46,XX,inv (9)(p11q13)], Turner syndrome (45, X) and control (normal 46, XX) groups, respectively.

[Effects of obesity on peak level of luteinizing hormone in gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist test and obesity-related hormones in girls with central precocious puberty].

Objective: To explore the effects of obesity on the peak level of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist test and obesity-related hormones in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP).

Methods: Three hundred and thirty-three girls with CPP who underwent the GnRH agonist test between 2012 and 2014 were classified into three groups: normal weight (n=123), overweight (n=108), and obesity (n=102), according to body mass index (BMI). The sexual development indices were compared between the three groups.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D AND GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS IN OBESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN ZHEJIANG, CHINA.

Objective: Evidence of the association between vitamin D, insulin resistance, and oral disposition index (oDI) in obese children and adolescents is limited. To fill this research gap, we measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in obese children and analyzed the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and glucose homeostasis.

Methods: Altogether, 348 obese and 445 nonobese children and adolescents (age, 6 to 16 years) were enrolled in this study.

Promoting DNA loading on magnetic nanoparticles using a DNA condensation strategy.

Maximizing DNA loading on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is crucial for their successful utilization in gene transfer, DNA isolation, and bio-analytical applications. This enhancement is typically achieved by altering particle size and surfaces as well as charge density and ionic strength. We demonstrate a novel route for promoting DNA loading on amino-modified silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (ASMNPs) by prior condensation of elongated DNA to a compact globule before adsorption.

[Relationship of plasma ghrelin and adenohypophyseal hormone levels in female precocious puberty].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of plasma ghrelin and adenohypophyseal hormone levels in female precocious puberty.

Methods: A total of 84 patients aged from 6 to 9 years were enrolled in this study. They were divided into idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) and premature thelarche(PT)groups according to their secondary sexual characteristics, bone age, volumes of uterus and ovary, and results of GnRH test.

[Long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue in treatment of idiopathic central precocious puberty in girls].

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and side-effects of long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) in treatment of idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) in girls.

Methods: Thirty six ICPP girls were treated with GnRHa. The secondary sexual characteristics, uterus volume, ovary volume, follicle development, bone age/chronological age (BA/CA), predicted adult height (PAH), serum inhibitor A (INHA) and inhibitor B (INHB), body mass index (BMI) and growth rate were compared before and after treatment.

[Psychological behavior of girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty before and after treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue].

Objective: To observe the psychological behavior of girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) before and after treatment by gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa).

Methods: Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices(SPM), Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Body-Esteem Scale (BES) were used to assess the psychological behavior in the ICPP girls before and after GnRHa treatment, as well as in control girls. The serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were measured by ELISA before and after GnRHa treatment.

Changes of ghrelin following oral glucose tolerance test in obese children with insulin resistance.

Aim: To characterize changes in ghrelin levels in response to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to correlate changes in ghrelin levels with changes in insulin and glucose following OGTT in Chinese obese children of Tanner I and II stage with insulin resistance.

Methods: 22 obese children with insulin resistance state were divided into four groups according to their Tanner stage and gender: boys of Tanner I (BT-I), boys of Tanner II (BT-II), girls of Tanner I (GT-I), girls of Tanner II (GT-II). Ghrelin, insulin and glucose were measured at 0, 30, 60 and 120 min following OGTT.

Nine cases of childhood adrenal tumour presenting with hypertension and a review of the literature.

Aim: To describe the clinical features, treatment and outcome of children adrenal tumors presenting with hypertension.

Methods: The records of nine children under 16 years of age with adrenal tumours presenting with hypertension were analysed. Details were recorded for family history, clinical presentation, biochemistry, imaging, histology, treatment and outcome.

[Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on glucose metabolism in children with growth hormone deficiency].

Objective: Numerous studies in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) show that recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment results in significant catch-up growth, but some papers reported that the children who underwent rhGH therapy might be at increased risk of diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rhGH treatment on blood glucose and insulin metabolism in children with GHD and the relationship between growth hormone (GH) and glucose homeostasis.

Methods: In this study, 44 children with GHD treated with rhGH [0.

Early activation of the inhibin B/FSH axis in obese Tanner stage G1PH1 boys.

Objective: To determine whether early activation of the inhibin B/FSH axis is detectable in prepubertal obese boys.

Methods: Thirty-five simple obese Tanner stage G1PH1 boys with body mass index over 25 aged 8-11 years old and 25 age-matched nonobese healthy prepubertal boys (G1PH1) were clinically examined and testicular size measured by ultrasound. Serum inhibin B, testosterone, LH, FSH, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate (DHEAS) and bone age were measured.

[Effect of maternal autoimmune thyroid disease on intellectual development of infants].

Objective: To study the effect of maternal Hashimoto's disease (an autoimmune thyroid disease) on intellectual development of infants.

Methods: From July 2001 to June 2003, 21 infants born by mothers suffered from Hashimoto's disease were followed up with provincial neonatal disease screening network system. Their thyroid function was assessed and their mental development was evaluated with Gesell development schedules.

Risk factors of primary thyroid dysfunction in early infants born to mothers with autoimmune thyroid disease.

Aim: To assess whether the state of maternal thyroid function and the pattern of thyroid alterations during gestation would affect the infants' thyroid function and to evaluate the risk factors affecting early infants' thyroid function by means of multiple logistic regression.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 78 neonates born to mothers with Graves disease or Hashimoto thyroiditis were examined and followed clinically and biochemically. Neonates born to healthy mothers during the same period were set as controls.

[Relationship between serum dehydroepiandrosterone levels and female precocious puberty].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels and female precocious puberty.

Methods: The serum levels of DHEA and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were measured by ELISA in 60 idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) girls, 62 premature thelarche (PT) girls and 31 age-matched health prepuberty girls. Bone age,volume of uterus and ovary, DHEA and DHEAS were re-measured in 3, 12 months after treatment with Diphereline in ICPP girls.

[Multifactorial analysis of effects of mothers' autoimmune thyroid disease on their infants' intellectual development].

Objective: To analyze factors relevant to retarded intellectual development in infants born to mothers with autoimmune disease of thyroid.

Methods: All the term newborns born to mothers with autoimmune thyroid disease (selection criteria) without asphyxia in all county, city, and provincial hospitals in Zhejiang province (except for Ningbo City) from July 2001 to June 2003 were enrolled through Zhejiang provincial neonatal disease screening network system. The control group was consisted of the neonates who were born to mothers without thyroid disease in these hospitals during the same period.

[Obese children with benign acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance: analysis of 19 cases].

Objective: The prevalence of obesity and of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children have increased in the Chinese population over the past two decades, and thus diabetes prevention has become a major concern of public health agencies. Identification of individuals at risk for diabetes is an essential first step in designing and implementing intervention programs. Insulin resistance is the hallmark of the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

[Simplified gonadorelin stimulation test in diagnosis of precocious puberty].

Objective: To assess the diagnostic value of the simplified gonadorelin stimulation test for precocious puberty.

Methods: Two hundred and ninety-two girls with signs of advanced breast development received the gonadorelin stimulation test. According to the result of gonadorelin stimulation test, the girls were divided into 3 groups: 151 with central precocious puberty (CPP),119 with premature thelarche (PT) and 22 with peripheral precocious puberty (PPP).